San Francisco State University

About: San Francisco State University is a education organization based out in San Francisco, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Planet. The organization has 5669 authors who have published 11433 publications receiving 408075 citations. The organization is also known as: San Francisco State & San Francisco State Normal School.

Five Intermediate-Period Planets from the N2K Sample

Abstract: We report the detection of five Jovian-mass planets orbiting high-metallicity stars. Four of these stars were first observed as part of the N2K program, and exhibited low rms velocity scatter after three consecutive observations. However, follow-up observations over the last 3 years now reveal the presence of longer period planets with orbital periods ranging from 21 days to a few years. HD 11506 is a G0 V star with a planet of M sin i = 4.74 M_(Jup) in a 3.85 yr orbit. HD 17156 is a G0 V star with a 3.12 M_(Jup) planet in a 21.2 day orbit. The eccentricity of this orbit is 0.67, one of the highest known for a planet with a relatively short period. The orbital period for this planet places it in a region of parameter space where relatively few planets have been detected. HD 125612 is a G3 V star with a planet of M sin i = 3.5 M_(Jup) in a 1.4 yr orbit. HD 170469 is a G5 IV star with a planet of M sin i = 0.67 M_(Jup) in a 3.13 year orbit. HD 231701 is an F8 V star with planet of 1.08 M_(Jup) in a 142 day orbit. All of these stars have supersolar metallicity. Three of the five stars were observed photometrically, but showed no evidence of brightness variability. A transit search conducted for HD 17156 was negative, but covered only 25% of the search space, and so is not conclusive.

Twelve-month outcomes of a randomized trial of a moderate-carbohydrate versus very low-carbohydrate diet in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes

Abstract: Dietary treatment is important in management of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, but uncertainty exists about the optimal diet. We randomized adults (n = 34) with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 6.0% and elevated body weight (BMI > 25) to a very low-carbohydrate ketogenic (LCK) diet (n = 16) or a moderate-carbohydrate, calorie-restricted, low-fat (MCCR) diet (n = 18). All participants were encouraged to be physically active, get sufficient sleep, and practice behavioral adherence strategies based on positive affect and mindful eating. At 12 months, participants in the LCK group had greater reductions in HbA1c levels (estimated marginal mean (EMM) at baseline = 6.6%, at 12 mos = 6.1%) than participants in MCCR group (EMM at baseline = 6.9%, at 12 mos = 6.7%), p = .007. Participants in the LCK group lost more weight (EMM at baseline = 99.9 kg, at 12 mos = 92.0 kg) than participants in the MCCR group (EMM at baseline = 97.5 kg, at 12 mos = 95.8 kg), p < .001. The LCK participants experienced larger reductions in diabetes-related medication use; of participants who took sulfonylureas or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors at baseline, 6/10 in the LCK group discontinued these medications compared with 0/6 in the MCCR group (p = .005). In a 12-month trial, adults with elevated HbA1c and body weight assigned to an LCK diet had greater reductions in HbA1c, lost more weight, and reduced more medications than those instructed to follow an MCCR diet.

Hadamard triples generate self-affine spectral measures

Abstract:

Let R R be an expanding matrix with integer entries, and let B , L B,L be finite integer digit sets so that ( R , B , L ) (R,B,L) form a Hadamard triple on R d {\\mathbb {R}}^d in the sense that the matrix 1 | det R | [ e 2 π i ⟨ R − 1 b , ℓ ⟩ ] ℓ ∈ L , b ∈ B \\begin{equation*} \\frac {1}{\\sqrt {|\\det R|}}\\left [e^{2\\pi i \\langle R^{-1}b,\\ell \\rangle }\\right ]_{\\ell \\in L,b\\in B} \\end{equation*} is unitary. We prove that the associated fractal self-affine measure μ = μ ( R , B ) \\mu = \\mu (R,B) obtained by an infinite convolution of atomic measures μ ( R , B ) = δ R − 1 B ∗ δ R − 2 B ∗ δ R − 3 B ∗ ⋯ \\begin{equation*} \\mu (R,B) = \\delta _{R^{-1} B}\\ast \\delta _{R^{-2}B}\\ast \\delta _{R^{-3}B}\\ast \\cdots \\end{equation*} is a spectral measure, i.e., it admits an orthonormal basis of exponential functions in L 2 ( μ ) L^2(\\mu ) . This settles a long-standing conjecture proposed by Jorgensen and Pedersen and studied by many other authors. Moreover, we also show that if we relax the Hadamard triple condition to an almost-Parseval-frame condition, then we obtain a sufficient condition for a self-affine measure to admit Fourier frames.

Improved mass and radius constraints for quiescent neutron stars in ω Cen and NGC 6397

Abstract: We use Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the globular clusters omega Cen and NGC 6397 to measure the spectrum of their quiescent neutron stars (NSs), and thus to constrain the allowed ranges of mass and radius for each. We also use Hubble Space Telescope photometry of NGC 6397 to identify a potential optical companion to the quiescent NS, and find evidence that the companion lacks hydrogen. We carefully consider a number of systematic problems, and show that the choices of atmospheric composition, interstellar medium abundances, and cluster distances can have important effects on the inferred NS mass and radius. We find that for typical NS masses, the radii of both NSs are consistent with the 10-13 km range favoured by recent nuclear physics experiments. This removes the evidence suggested by Guillot and collaborators for an unusually small NS radius, which relied upon the small inferred radius of the NGC 6397 NS.