Showing papers by "San Jose State University published in 1968"

Disturbances in the perception of auditory sequence in children with minimal cerebral dysfunction.

Abstract: Three nonverbal and seven verbal recorded tests were administered to a group of 21 children with minimal cerebral dysfunction and learning difficulties, and to a comparison group of normal children...

Breakdown of isolation mechanisms in two species of captive junglefowl (gallus gallus and gallus sonneratii).

Abstract: Reproductive isolation of two species of junglefowl occurs in parts of India and Pakistan primarily due to different geographic distribution. The Grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii) occurs west and southwest of the Godaveri River in scrub jungle associated with a more xeric environment than that found east of the Godaveri. The Red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) is found east of the Godaveri in a series of differing ecological communities which' generally have higher annual rainfall and extensive mixed jungle and grassland areas (Beebe, 1926; Collias and Collias, 1967; Delacour, 1951; Johnson, 1963; Morejohn, pers. observ.). In the headwaters region of the Godaveri the ranges of both species overlap (Baker, 1928). In this region of sympatry there is need for extensive study in the field concerning the nature of the sexual isolation which undoubtedly plays an important role in separation of the two species. What the frequency of contact between the two species is that results in the production of hybrids is unknown, and it would be extremely difficult to determine because of the exceedingly wild nature of both species. Hybridization of G. sonneratii with native domestic fowl, however, in the vicinity of villages has been reported by Beebe (19181922). Reports of hybridization between the Red junglefowl and the Grey junglefowl in captivity are sufficient to indicate that hybrids can be readily produced (see Gray, 1958 for extensive bibliography; Danforth, 1958). The manner by which sexual isolation has been bypassed to produce the hybrids has not been previously elaborated upon. Furthermore, scant accurate information is available on the fertility of these hybrids. Presented herein, therefore, are the methods by which natural breeding (as opposed to artificial insemination) between the two species was effected, and information is provided on the fertility of the hybrids. METHODS The representatives of the Red junglefowl used in this study were originally procured from the California State Game Farm, Chino, California, and from a game bird breeder of Los Angeles, California. The individuals from Chino had been derived from birds originally imported from Siam, the latter from birds imported from India. Individuals of this species reproduced freely, and little difficulty was experienced raising their young, either under natural conditions or in incubators. The individuals of the Grey junglefowl used were raised to maturity from eggs purchased at the St. Helena Game Farm, St. H-elena, California. These birds were derived from birds originally imported from Pakistan. The Grey junglefowl were kept to themselves until grown with no influence of adults of their own species or of the Red junglefowl. They were extremely wild and had to be handled with care. As adults they bred and the hens laid eggs, but it was difficult to hatch the eggs under natural or incubator conditions. The adult Grey hens left to incubate eggs on their own, invariably abandoned the clutch within a week or two of incubation. Under incubator conditions high mortality was experienced with this species immediately prior to and during hatching. It is felt that the requirements of certain conditions of temperature and humidity that produce optimum hatch in domestic fowl and Red junglefowl are

Personality characteristics of very bright adults.

Abstract: (1968). Personality Characteristics of Very Bright Adults. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 75, No. 1, pp. 119-126.

Chromosome Polymorphism in California Populations of Harvest Mice

Abstract: Subspecies of Reithrodontomys megalotis in the vicinity of Monterey Bay and the Salinas Valley exhibit a high degree of chromosomal polymorphism, there being five different chromosome numbers varying from 42 to 46. The chromosomes that vary are dotlike, making this pattern of polymorphism rare among free living mammals.

Perception of Prejudice in Mexican-American Preschool Children

Abstract: Structured doll-play interviews were conducted with 40 Mexican-American children aged 4 and 5 yr. old, to explore where and when skin color discrimination and the evaluation of color differences oc...

The sintering of nickel/aluminium spheres to nickel plates

Abstract: Spheres of nickel, and of nickel containing 0.5,1.0, 2.0, and 10.0 wt % aluminium, all of approximately 100μm diameter, were sintered under vacuum to nickel plates for various times within the temperature range 1000 to 1300° C. Neck growth was determined as a function of time. Values for the exponent of time in the neck growth equation,x/a = Atn of 0.19, 0.18, 0.15, and 0.16 were found for the above compositions, respectively. An activation energy of 33 kcal/mole was found for sintering nickel spheres to nickel plates. An activation energy of 69 kcal/mole was found for sintering Ni/1.0% Al spheres to nickel plates.

Study of Plumage of the Four Species of the Genus Gallus

Abstract: Among the many species of birds known, perhaps the one most important to man throughout the ages has been the domestic fowl. The original domestication of this bird antedates history. Yet even today, we cannot conclusively state whether or not it has had monophyletic origin from one of the wild species or polyphyletic origin from two or more of the living four species. There is evidence to support both theories. In an attempt to elucidate further the question of monophyly or polyphyly, an investigation was begun with the four species of the genus Gallus. It was believed that a close study of internal anatomy, plumage, behavior, and reproduction would yield information helpful in interpreting the evolution of the domestic form. A recent study (Morejohn 1966) revealed significant differences in the syringial apparatus of three species. The present investigation is a close study of feather types and plumage sequences of the four species. The conclusions drawn as a result of this study are relevant to the interrelationships of the four species. Conclusions relative to the relationships of the junglefowls to the domestic fowl will be reported in another

Evaporative Power in the Tropical Forest of the Panama Canal Zone

Abstract: The physical processes that affect evapotranspiration and the technique of measuring the drying influence of the air in the tropical forest of the Panama Canal Zone during the rainy season were examined. The time rate of evaporation from the surfaces of white spherical porcelain atmometers was the measurement used to determine the evapotranspiration power of this environment. Evaporation, temperature, vapor pressure deficit and relative humidity profiles are shown from the forest floor through 28.5 m to the top of the canopy. The mean hourly rate of evaporation at the top of the canopy is 4 times that near the forest floor but may vary from as little as 2.8 times to as much as 12 times the rate of evaporation near the forest floor. Mean hourly rates of evaporation at the top of the canopy and near the forest floor change dramatically from day to night. The average daytime rate near the surface was about 2.5 times the nighttime rate, while at the top of the canopy it was about 4 times the nighttim...

Mechanical Movement of the Insect Heart recorded with a Continuous Laser Beam

Abstract: WE describe here a technique—using a laser—for measuring the contractile excursions of the insect heart after the insect (in this case Sarcophaga bullata) has been immobilized in wax, and sections of the dorsal abdominal wall removed. The laser technique makes it possible to record mechanical movement from a selected area of tissue without interfering with a capillary microelectrode which records bioelectric events from a single cell.

Cultural Deprivation and Pre-School Children's Preferences for Complex and Novel Stimuli

Abstract: The preferences of deprived and non-deprived children (ns = 13) for 70 complex and 70 novel stimuli were measured. A significantly greater number of the non-deprived children showed a preference for the complex and novel stimuli.

UCS effects on ulceration following fear conditioning

Abstract: Six groups of animals were given fear conditioning trials while immobilized. Conditioning was at three levels of UCS intensity (.5 mA, 1.5 mA and 2.5 mA) and two lengths of duration (.25 sec and.75 sec). Ulceration rate increased as a function of increasing UCS intensity but not UCS duration.

Stochastic models for viscoelastic materials

Abstract: A sound general method is formulated for stochastic process descriptions of viscoelastic behavior. In this development, much use is made of the microstructural behavior of common viscoelastic materials such as soils and polymer plastics. In addition, parallel features of classical viscoelasticity are described to increase intuition.

Meanings of the Human Body in Modern Christian Theology

Abstract: This study was conducted to survey twentieth century Christian theology for agreements and disagreements among concepts of the meanings of the human body and to develop a concise statement of the meanings. By utilizing suitable bibliographic techniques and by consulting several theologians recent Christian theological literature regarding the human body was identified, subsequently reviewed and notes taken in accord with a set of directive questions. The report of the meanings found in the literature takes place in four categories: basic existence of the body, bodily being as performing theological functions, bodily being as performing functions in life, and bodily being as flesh, as person and personality, and as participant in unity. Christian theology affirms belief in the human body as a nonevil dimension of the intimate unity of body and soul which is the nature of the human person. The body is viewed as performing many important functions in fully human life as well as providing significant...

Position of delay and delay-associated cues in maze learning

Abstract: Forty-eight rats were run in a multiple T maze, and either immediately reinforced, delayed in the middle of the maze, or delayed at the end of the maze. Cues associated with the position of delay were manipulated. Both delay groups exhibited pre-delay decrements and post-delay increments in performance. Ss delayed at the end of the maze required fewer trials to criterion than Ss delayed in the middle of the maze. The data were interpreted as consistent with Amsel’s (1958) hypothesis.

Consistency as a Factor in Predicting Grades

Abstract: This study attempted to determine whether individual differences in intra-individual consistency are reliable over time and whether future grades can be predicted more accurately for consistent students—those whose grades do not vary much from course to course—than for students with “spotty” records. Measures of intra-individual consistency were computed from grades obtained early in school and from grades obtained later for several samples of students. These measures showed no reliability over time, and there were no differences between consistent and inconsistent students with regard to the accuracy of prediction of future grades. It was recommended that considerable caution be used in attributing any significance to the degree of consistency or inconsistency manifested by a student's academic record.

Effects of Prior Verbal or Nonverbal Experience on Acquisition and Awareness in Verbal Operant Conditioning

Abstract: Using a Taffel-type conditioning situation, female undergraduate Ss were reinforced with “good” for using activity verbs to compose sentences. One group received only typical (neutral) verbal-conditioning instructions; another group was given a problem-solving set following operant trials; a third group served as nonreinforced controls. Preconditioning verbal or nonverbal experience was introduced via a free-responding word-saying task, a written sentence-completion task, or an inkblot-perception task. Awareness was assessed via a postconditioning interview. Superior acquisition was found in groups exposed to previous verbal (oral or written) experience, while the inkblot-perception group did not differ from nonreinforced control Ss. Contrary to prediction, learning set failed to produce superior conditioning. Prior verbal experience led to an increased number of aware Ss, while the majority of Ss exposed to nonverbal prior experience failed to report awareness. It was suggested that Es attempt to control for prior experience of Ss in verbal operant conditioning research.

The Evolution Completed

Abstract: In January, 1958, Willy Brandt, already mayor of Berlin, won his long struggle with Franz Neumann and was elected chairman of the Land organization. In the next two years he consolidated his position within the local organization, developed his reputation both nationally and internationally, and established himself as a leading representative of the forces for party modernization. In short, he demonstrated his eligibility and availability for nomination as the party’s chancellor candidate.

A Short History of German Socialism

Abstract: Socialism came late to Germany, the result, in part, of late industrialization. From 1815 to 1848 German politics was characterized by suppression of the embryonic working class. Hopes aroused in 1848, the eventful year of European revolution and the Communist Manifesto, were dashed by renewed suppression. Nevertheless, by the 1860’s the beginning of a workers’ movement was apparent. Laborers, artisans, and shopkeepers founded a variety of local associations. Entirely independent of each other, these associations were at first devoted exclusively to education and recreation. Soon, however, they took on political content and acquired a leader: Ferdinand Lassalle.

Ideological Development in the Postwar Period

Abstract: With the end of the Weimar Republic and the rise of Hitler, the socialist press was banned, property seized, and the party itself finally outlawed. Thousands of party leaders and functionaries were forced into camps or exile, or put to death. Inside Germany, at least, party activity virtually stopped while World War II was fought to its conclusion. When the nightmare was over, the surviving socialists met to re-establish their party. At the first official conference, Kurt Schumacher was elected party chairman. His political views, evolved in Hitler’s camps, were to guide the party in theory and practice in the postwar years.