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Santa Fe Institute

NonprofitSanta Fe, New Mexico, United States
About: Santa Fe Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Complex network. The organization has 558 authors who have published 4558 publications receiving 396015 citations. The organization is also known as: SFI.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate a stochastic search process in one, two, and three dimensions in which N diffusing searchers that all start at x 0 seek a target at the origin.
Abstract: We investigate a stochastic search process in one, two, and three dimensions in which N diffusing searchers that all start at x 0 seek a target at the origin. Each of the searchers is also reset to its starting point, either with rate r, or deterministically, with a reset time T. In one dimension and for a small number of searchers, the search time and the search cost are minimized at a non-zero optimal reset rate (or time), while for sufficiently large N, resetting always hinders the search. In general, a single searcher leads to the minimum search cost in one, two, and three dimensions. When the resetting is deterministic, several unexpected feature arise for N searchers, including the search time being independent of T for and the search cost being independent of N over a suitable range of N. Moreover, deterministic resetting typically leads to a lower search cost than in Poisson resetting.

83 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this article, a transmission sense of information is proposed, in which an object X conveys information if the function of X is to reduce, by virtue of its sequence properties, uncertainty on the part of an agent who observes X. The transmission sense not only captures what biologists intend when they talk about information in genes, but also brings Shannon's theory back to the fore.
Abstract: Biologists rely heavily on the language of information, coding, and transmission that is commonplace in the field of information theory as developed by Claude Shannon, but there is open debate about whether such language is anything more than facile metaphor. Philosophers of biology have argued that when biologists talk about information in genes and in evolution, they are not talking about the sort of information that Shannon's theory addresses. First, philosophers have suggested that Shannon theory is only useful for developing a shallow notion of correlation, the so-called "causal sense" of information. Second they typically argue that in genetics and evolutionary biology, information language is used in a "semantic sense," whereas semantics are deliberately omitted from Shannon theory. Neither critique is well-founded. Here we propose an alternative to the causal and semantic senses of information: a transmission sense of information, in which an object X conveys information if the function of X is to reduce, by virtue of its sequence properties, uncertainty on the part of an agent who observes X. The transmission sense not only captures much of what biologists intend when they talk about information in genes, but also brings Shannon's theory back to the fore. By taking the viewpoint of a communications engineer and focusing on the decision problem of how information is to be packaged for transport, this approach resolves several problems that have plagued the information concept in biology, and highlights a number of important features of the way that information is encoded, stored, and transmitted as genetic sequence.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A model of analog computer which can recognize various languages in real time by composing iterated maps, which can be seen as a real-time, constant-space, off-line version of Blum, Shub, and Smale's real-valued machines.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The fine-scale interaction rules of migrating caribou are revealed and a map of near neighbour influence is constructed that quantifies the nature of information flow in these herds, leading to better predictions of spatial use patterns and responses to changing environmental conditions.
Abstract: Social interactions are a significant factor that influence the decision-making of species ranging from humans to bacteria. In the context of animal migration, social interactions may lead to improved decision-making, greater ability to respond to environmental cues, and the cultural transmission of optimal routes. Despite their significance, the precise nature of social interactions in migrating species remains largely unknown. Here we deploy unmanned aerial systems to collect aerial footage of caribou as they undertake their migration from Victoria Island to mainland Canada. Through a Bayesian analysis of trajectories we reveal the fine-scale interaction rules of migrating caribou and show they are attracted to one another and copy directional choices of neighbours, but do not interact through clearly defined metric or topological interaction ranges. By explicitly considering the role of social information on movement decisions we construct a map of near neighbour influence that quantifies the nature of information flow in these herds. These results will inform more realistic, mechanism-based models of migration in caribou and other social ungulates, leading to better predictions of spatial use patterns and responses to changing environmental conditions. Moreover, we anticipate that the protocol we developed here will be broadly applicable to study social behaviour in a wide range of migratory and non-migratory taxa.This article is part of the theme issue 'Collective movement ecology'.

82 citations


Authors

Showing all 606 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
James Hone127637108193
James H. Brown12542372040
Alan S. Perelson11863266767
Mark Newman117348168598
Bette T. Korber11739249526
Marten Scheffer11135073789
Peter F. Stadler10390156813
Sanjay Jain10388146880
Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen102128648138
Dirk Helbing10164256810
Oliver G. Pybus10044745313
Andrew P. Dobson9832244211
Carel P. van Schaik9432926908
Seth Lloyd9249050159
Andrew W. Lo8537851440
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202341
202241
2021297
2020309
2019263
2018231