Sao Paulo State University

About: Sao Paulo State University is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 55715 authors who have published 100436 publications receiving 1375332 citations.

Effect of surface treatments on the resin bond to zirconium-based ceramic.

Abstract: PURPOSE: This study tested the hypothesis that the tribochemical silica coating on ceramic surfaces increases the bond strength of resin cement to a glass-infiltrated zirconium-based ceramic MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen blocks of In-Ceram Zirconia from CEREC InLab (5 per group) and 15 composite blocks (Z-250) 5 mm x 5 mm x 4 mm were made The ceramic surfaces were polished, and the blocks were divided into three groups: (1) airborne abrasion with 110-microm aluminum oxide particles; (2) Rocatec system, tribochemical silica coating; and (3) CoJet system, tribochemical silica coating The ceramic blocks were cemented to the composite blocks using Panavia F according to the manufacturer's specifications All samples were stored in 37 degrees C distilled water for 7 days and later sectioned in two axes using a diamond disk under cooling to obtain specimens with a cross-sectional area of approximately 1 mm2 (n = 45) Each specimen was then attached with cyanoacrylate glue to an adapted device for the microtensile test, which was carried out on a universal testing machine RESULTS: The results were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's test Group 2 (230+/-67 MPa) and group 3 (268+/-74 MPa) showed greater bond strength than group 1 (151+/-53 MPa) There was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 All failures were in the adhesive zone CONCLUSION: The hypothesis was confirmed--the tribochemical systems increased the bond strength between Panavia F and In-Ceram Zirconia

Measurement of jet fragmentation into charged particles in pp and PbPb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV

Abstract: Jet fragmentation in pp and PbPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair was studied using data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Fragmentation functions are constructed using charged-particle tracks with transverse momenta pt > 4 GeV for dijet events with a leading jet of pt > 100 GeV. The fragmentation functions in PbPb events are compared to those in pp data as a function of collision centrality, as well as dijet-pt imbalance. Special emphasis is placed on the most central PbPb events including dijets with unbalanced momentum, indicative of energy loss of the hard scattered parent partons. The fragmentation patterns for both the leading and subleading jets in PbPb collisions agree with those seen in pp data at 2.76 TeV. The results provide evidence that, despite the large parton energy loss observed in PbPb collisions, the high-pt component of the fragmentation function evaluated with respect to the reconstructed jet momentum is not strongly modified in comparison to jet fragmentation in vacuum.

Early physical activity promotes lower prevalence of chronic diseases in adulthood

Abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown high rates of occurrence of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults, and early preventive actions are extremely relevant for public policy strategies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the prevalence of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes in adulthood and physical activity (currently and in childhood/adolescence). A retrospective study was carried out from March to November of 2009. Data were collected through interviews, and both diseases were assessed through self-report and confirmed by previous medical diagnosis. Current physical activity and that performed in childhood (7-10 years old) and adolescence (11-17 years old) were analyzed. Of the 1436 adults analyzed in this survey, approximately 61% were women (n=881). Respondents' ages ranged from 18 to 94.8 years, and 20.2% of the total participants were >/=65 years old. Our results show that men (18%) were more physically active than women (9.4%), whereas younger respondents and those with more formal education exhibited greater physical activity levels (P<0.001). Obese subjects presented lower physical activity levels (P=0.027). Physical activity in youth was associated with lower rates of occurrence of arterial hypertension (odds ratio (OR)=0.42 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.29-0.62)) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=0.29 (95% CI=0.15-0.56)) in adulthood, but current physical activity was not related to these outcomes. Our study reveals a positive relationship between early physical activity in both childhood and adolescence and lower rates of occurrence of endocrine and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

A Novel Biological Activity for Galectin-1: Inhibition of Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interactions in Experimental Inflammation

Abstract: Galectin-1 (Gal-1), the prototype of a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, has been shown to attenuate experimental acute and chronic inflammation. In view of the fact that endothelial cells (ECs), but not human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), expressed Gal-1 we tested here the hypothesis that the protein could modulate leukocyte-EC interaction in inflammatory settings. In vitro, human recombinant (hr) Gal-1 inhibited PMN chemotaxis and trans-endothelial migration. These actions were specific as they were absent if Gal-1 was boiled or blocked by neutralizing antiserum. In vivo, hrGal-1 (optimum effect at 0.3 μg equivalent to 20 pmol) inhibited interleukin-1β-induced PMN recruitment into the mouse peritoneal cavity. Intravital microscopy analysis showed that leukocyte flux, but not their rolling velocity, was decreased by an anti-inflammatory dose of hrGal-1. Binding of biotinylated Gal-1 to resting and postadherent human PMNs occurred at concentrations inhibitory in the chemotaxis and transmigration assays. In addition, the pattern of Gal-1 binding was differentially modulated by PMN or EC activation. In conclusion, these data suggest the existence of a previously unrecognized function of Gal-1, that is inhibition of leukocyte rolling and extravasation in experimental inflammation. It is possible that endogenous Gal-1 may be part of a novel anti-inflammatory loop in which the endothelium is the source of the protein and the migrating PMNs the target for its anti-inflammatory action.