Institution
Sao Paulo State University
Education•São Paulo, Brazil•
About: Sao Paulo State University is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 55715 authors who have published 100436 publications receiving 1375332 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the history of SnO2-based voltage-dependent resistors, discusses the main characteristics of these polycrystalline semiconductor systems and includes a direct comparison with traditional ZnO-based resistor systems to establish the differences and similarities.
Abstract: The present review describes mainly the history of SnO2-based voltage-dependent resistors, discusses the main characteristics of these polycrystalline semiconductor systems and includes a direct comparison with traditional ZnO-based voltage-dependent resistor systems to establish the differences and similarities, giving details of the basic physical principles involved with the non-ohmic properties in both polycrystalline systems. As an overview, the text also undertakes the main difficulties involved in processing SnO2- and ZnO-based non-ohmic systems, with an evaluation of the contribution of the dopants to the electronic properties and to the final microstructure and consequently to the system’s non-ohmic behavior. However, since there are at least two review texts regarding ZnO-based systems [Levinson, L. M., and Philipp, H. R. Ceramic Bulletin 1985;64:639; Clarke, D. R. Journal of American Ceramic Society 1999;82:485], the main focus of the present text is dedicated to the SnO2-based varistor systems, although the basic physical principles described in the text are universally useful in the context of dense polycrystalline devices. However, the readers must be careful of how the microstructure heterogeneity and grain-boundary chemistry are capable to interfere in the global electrical response for particular systems. New perspectives for applications, commercialization and degradation studies involving SnO2-based polycrystalline non-ohmic systems are also outlined, including recent technological developments. Finally, at the end of this review a brief section is particularly dedicated to the presentation and discussions about others emerging non-ohmic polycrystalline ceramic devices (particularly based on perovskite ceramics) which must be deeply studied in the years to come, specially because some of these systems present combined high dielectric and non-ohmic properties. From both scientific and technological point of view these perovskite systems are quite interesting.
262 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the mass-radius relation of SAX J1808.4-3658 was compared with theoretical models for both neutron stars and strange stars, and it was shown that a strange star model could be more consistent with SAXJ1808, and suggest that it is a likely strange star candidate.
Abstract: The possibility of strange stars is one of the most important issues in the study of compact objects. Here we use the observations of the newly discovered millisecond x-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 to constrain the radius of the compact star. Comparing the mass-radius relation of SAX J1808.4-3658 with theoretical models for both neutron stars and strange stars, we argue that a strange star model could be more consistent with SAX J1808.4-3658, and suggest that it is a likely strange star candidate. Our results are useful in constraining microscopic chiral symmetry restoration parameters in the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) modeling of strange matter.
261 citations
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Virginia Institute of Marine Science1, California Institute of Technology2, Duke University3, University of Rome Tor Vergata4, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University5, Stony Brook University6, Tokyo University of Information Sciences7, Oregon State University8, University of East Anglia9, University of Maine10, Fisheries and Oceans Canada11, Sao Paulo State University12, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution13, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory14, Goddard Space Flight Center15, Nagasaki University16, City University of New York17, University of California, Irvine18, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration19, Plymouth Marine Laboratory20, University of Texas at Arlington21
TL;DR: The authors compare satellite ocean color-based models (SatPPMs) and those generated from biogeochemical ocean general circulation models (BOGCMs) to a tropical Pacific primary productivity (PP) database consisting of ∼ 1000 14C measurements spanning more than a decade (1983-1996).
259 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the luminescence properties of BaZnSiO4 activated by Eu3+ and Mn2+ ions were reported, and a solid-state reaction starting from ox...
Abstract: The aim of this work is to report on the luminescence properties of BaZnSiO4 activated by Eu3+ and Mn2+ ions. Doped and undoped powder samples were prepared by solid-state reaction starting from ox...
259 citations
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TL;DR: These ICTP Trieste lecture notes review the pure spinor approach to quantizing the superstring with manifest D=10 super-Poincare invariance with covariant quantization of the superparticle and gives a new proof of equivalence with the Brink-Schwarz superparticles.
Abstract: These ICTP Trieste lecture notes review the pure spinor approach to quantizing the superstring with manifest D=10 super-Poincare invariance. The first section discusses covariant quantization of the superparticle and gives a new proof of equivalence with the Brink-Schwarz superparticle. The second section discusses the superstring in a flat background and shows how to construct vertex operators and compute tree amplitudes in a manifestly super-Poincare covariant manner. And the third section discusses quantization of the superstring in curved backgrounds which can include Ramond-Ramond flux.
258 citations
Authors
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Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Joseph T. Hupp | 141 | 731 | 82647 |
Luca Lista | 140 | 2044 | 110645 |
Sergio F Novaes | 138 | 1559 | 101941 |
Wagner Carvalho | 135 | 1395 | 94184 |
Alberto Santoro | 135 | 1576 | 100629 |
Andre Sznajder | 134 | 1464 | 98242 |
Luiz Mundim | 133 | 1413 | 89792 |
Eduardo De Moraes Gregores | 133 | 1454 | 92464 |
Helio Nogima | 132 | 1274 | 84368 |
Pedro G Mercadante | 129 | 1331 | 86378 |
D. De Jesus Damiao | 128 | 1162 | 82707 |
Sandra S. Padula | 128 | 1131 | 77174 |
Sudha Ahuja | 127 | 1016 | 75739 |