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Institution

Sapienza University of Rome

EducationRome, Lazio, Italy
About: Sapienza University of Rome is a education organization based out in Rome, Lazio, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 62002 authors who have published 155468 publications receiving 4397244 citations. The organization is also known as: La Sapienza & Università La Sapienza di Roma.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the state of the art in this active field, with a due balance between theoretical, experimental and technological results, can be found in this article, where significant achievements are presented in tables or in schematic figures, in order to convey a global perspective of the several horizons that fall under the name of photonic quantum information.
Abstract: Photonic quantum technologies represent a promising platform for several applications, ranging from long-distance communications to the simulation of complex phenomena. Indeed, the advantages offered by single photons do make them the candidate of choice for carrying quantum information in a broad variety of areas with a versatile approach. Furthermore, recent technological advances are now enabling first concrete applications of photonic quantum information processing. The goal of this manuscript is to provide the reader with a comprehensive review of the state of the art in this active field, with a due balance between theoretical, experimental and technological results. When more convenient, we will present significant achievements in tables or in schematic figures, in order to convey a global perspective of the several horizons that fall under the name of photonic quantum information.

402 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Silencing was shown to be a dominant trait, operative in heterokaryotic strains containing a mixture of transgenic and non‐transgenic nuclei, consistent with a model in which an RNA‐DNA or RNA‐RNA interaction is involved in transgene‐induced gene silencing in Neurospora.
Abstract: The molecular mechanisms involved in transgene-induced gene silencing ('quelling') in Neurospora crassa were investigated using the carotenoid biosynthetic gene albino-1 (al-1) as a visual marker. Deletion derivatives of the al-1 gene showed that a transgene must contain at least approximately 132 bp of sequences homologous to the transcribed region of the native gene in order to induce quelling. Transgenes containing only al-1 promoter sequences do not cause quelling. Specific sequences are not required for gene silencing, as different regions of the al-1 gene produced quelling. A mutant defective in cytosine methylation (dim-2) exhibited normal frequencies and degrees of silencing, indicating that cytosine methylation is not responsible for quelling, despite the fact that methylation of transgene sequences frequently is correlated with silencing. Silencing was shown to be a dominant trait, operative in heterokaryotic strains containing a mixture of transgenic and non-transgenic nuclei. This result indicates that a diffusable, trans-acting molecule is involved in quelling. A transgene-derived, sense RNA was detected in quelled strains and was found to be absent in their revertants. These data are consistent with a model in which an RNA-DNA or RNA-RNA interaction is involved in transgene-induced gene silencing in Neurospora.

402 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: Examples in which anisakid nematodes recognized genetically at the species level in definitive and intermediate/paratenic hosts from various geographical areas of the Boreal and Austral regions and their infection levels have been used as biological indicators of fish stocks and food-web integrity in areas at high versus low levels of habitat disturbance are presented.
Abstract: The application of molecular systematics to the anisakid nematodes of the genera Anisakis, Pseudoterranova and Contracaecum, parasites of aquatic organisms, over the last two decades, has advanced the understanding of their systematics, taxonomy, ecology and phylogeny substantially Here the results of this effort on this group of species from the early genetic works to the current status of their revised taxonomy, ecology and evolutionary aspects are reviewed for each of three parasitic groups It has been shown that many anisakid morphospecies of Anisakis, Contracaecum and Pseudoterranova include a certain number of sibling species Molecular genetic markers provided a rapid, precise means to screen and identify several species that serve as definitive and intermediate and or/paratenic hosts of the so far genetically characterized species Patterns of differential distribution of anisakid nematodes in various definitive and intermediate hosts are presented Differences in the life history of related species can be due both to differential host-parasite co-adaptation and co-evolution, and/or to interspecific competition, that can reduce the range of potential hosts in sympatric conditions Phylogenetic hypotheses attempted for anisakid nematodes and the possible evolutionary scenarios that have been proposed inferred from molecular data, also with respect to the phylogeny of their hosts are presented for the parasite-host associations Anisakis-cetaceans and Contracaecum-pinnipeds, showing that codivergence and host-switching events could have accompanied the evolution of these groups of parasites Finally, examples in which anisakid nematodes recognized genetically at the species level in definitive and intermediate/paratenic hosts from various geographical areas of the Boreal and Austral regions and their infection levels have been used as biological indicators of fish stocks and food-web integrity in areas at high versus low levels of habitat disturbance (pollution, overfishing, by-catch) are presented

402 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The modified TNM described in this study ameliorates the clinical applicability and prediction of outcome of the ENETS–TNM and assigns a risk of death proportional to the stage at the time of diagnosis, and allows a clinically based staging of patients, as the T parameters as modified permit their clinical-radiological recognition.

402 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: There is a correlation between PERG changes and NFL thickness in MS patients previously affected by optic neuritis, but there is no correlation between VEP changes andNFL thickness.
Abstract: PURPOSE. To assess whether a correlation exists between optic nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness and the retinal or visual pathway function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients previously affected by optic neuritis. METHODS. Fourteen patients with a diagnosis of definite MS were examined. All had been affected by optic neuritis (MSON) with complete recovery of visual acuity (14 eyes included in study). These were compared with 14 eyes from 14 age-matched control subjects. NFL thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Three different measurements in each quadrant (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal) were taken and averaged. The data in all quadrants (12 values averaged) were identified as NFL Overall, whereas the data obtained in the temporal quadrant only (3 values averaged) were identified as NFL Temporal. Retinal and visual pathway function was assessed by simultaneously recording pattern electroretinograms (PERGs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) using high-contrast (80%) checkerboard stimuli subtending 15 minutes and 60 minutes of the visual arc (min arc) and reversed at the rate of two reversals per second. RESULTS. In MSON eyes there was a significant (P , 0.01) reduction in NFL thickness in both NFL Overall and NFL Temporal evaluations compared with the values observed in control eyes. PERG, (15-min arc checks) and VEP (15-min arc and 60-min arc checks), showed a significant (P , 0.01) delay in latency and reduction in amplitude. NFL Overall and NFL Temporal values were significantly correlated (P , 0.01) to the PERG P50 latency and P50 to N95 amplitude recorded with 15-min arc checks. No correlations (P . 0.01) between NFL values and the other electrophysiological data (PERG recorded with 60-min arc checks and VEP recorded with 15-min arc and 60-min arc checks) were found. CONCLUSIONS. There is a correlation between PERG changes and NFL thickness in MS patients previously affected by optic neuritis, but there is no correlation between VEP changes and NFL thickness. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:2520 ‐2527)

402 citations


Authors

Showing all 62745 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Charles A. Dinarello1901058139668
Gregory Y.H. Lip1693159171742
Peter A. R. Ade1621387138051
H. Eugene Stanley1541190122321
Suvadeep Bose154960129071
P. de Bernardis152680117804
Bart Staels15282486638
Alessandro Melchiorri151674116384
Andrew H. Jaffe149518110033
F. Piacentini149531108493
Subir Sarkar1491542144614
Albert Bandura148255276143
Carlo Rovelli1461502103550
Robert C. Gallo14582568212
R. Kowalewski1431815135517
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023405
20221,106
20219,796
20209,753
20198,332
20187,615