Shanghai Jiao Tong University

About: Shanghai Jiao Tong University is a education organization based out in Shanghai, Shanghai, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 157524 authors who have published 184620 publications receiving 3451038 citations. The organization is also known as: Shanghai Communications University & Shanghai Jiaotong University.

Parton physics on a Euclidean lattice.

Abstract: I show that the parton physics related to correlations of quarks and gluons on the light cone can be studied through the matrix elements of frame-dependent, equal-time correlators in the large momentum limit. This observation allows practical calculations of parton properties on a Euclidean lattice. As an example, I demonstrate how to recover the leading-twist quark distribution by boosting an equal-time correlator to a large momentum.

Undertreatment of people with major depressive disorder in 21 countries

Abstract: Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Aims To examine the: (a) 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV MDD; (b) proportion aware that they have a problem needing treatment and who want care; (c) proportion of the latter receiving treatment; and (d) proportion of such treatment meeting minimal standards. Method Representative community household surveys from 21 countries as part of the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Results Of 51 547 respondents, 4.6% met 12-month criteria for DSM-IV MDD and of these 56.7% reported needing treatment. Among those who recognised their need for treatment, most (71.1%) made at least one visit to a service provider. Among those who received treatment, only 41.0% received treatment that met minimal standards. This resulted in only 16.5% of all individuals with 12-month MDD receiving minimally adequate treatment. Conclusions Only a minority of participants with MDD received minimally adequate treatment: 1 in 5 people in high-income and 1 in 27 in low-/lower-middle-income countries. Scaling up care for MDD requires fundamental transformations in community education and outreach, supply of treatment and quality of services.

An explicit, totally analytic approximate solution for Blasius’ viscous flow problems

Abstract: By means of using an operator A to denote non-linear differential equations in general, we first give a systematic description of a new kind of analytic technique for non-linear problems, namely the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Secondly, we generally discuss the convergence of the related approximate solution sequences and show that, as long as the approximate solution sequence given by the HAM is convergent, it must converge to one solution of the non-linear problem under consideration. Besides, we illustrate that even though a non-linear problem has one and only one solution, the sole solution might have an infinite number of expressions. Finally, to show the validity of the HAM, we apply it to give an explicit, purely analytic solution of the 2D laminar viscous flow over a semi-infinite flat plate. This explicit analytic solution is valid in the whole region η=[0, +∞) and can give, the first time in history (to our knowledge), an analytic value f ″(0)=0.33206 , which agrees very well with Howarth’s numerical result. This verifies the validity and great potential of the proposed homotopy analysis method as a new kind of powerful analytic tool.

Association of age and sex with myocardial infarction symptom presentation and in-hospital mortality

Abstract: Results The proportion of MI patients who presented without chest pain was significantly higher for women than men (42.0% [95% CI, 41.8%-42.1%] vs 30.7% [95% CI, 30.6%-30.8%]; P.001). There was a significant interaction between age and sex with chest pain at presentation, with a larger sex difference in younger than older patients, which became attenuated with advancing age. Multivariable adjusted age-specific odds ratios (ORs) for lack of chest pain for women (referent, men) were younger than 45 years, 1.30 (95% CI, 1.23-1.36); 45 to 54 years, 1.26 (95% CI, 1.221.30); 55 to 64 years, 1.24 (95% CI, 1.21-1.27); 65 to 74 years, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.111.15); and 75 years or older, 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02-1.04). Two-way interaction (sex and age) on MI presentation without chest pain was significant (P.001). The in-hospital mortality rate was 14.6% for women and 10.3% for men. Younger women presenting without chest pain had greater hospital mortality than younger men without chest pain, and these sex differences decreased or even reversed with advancing age, with adjusted OR for age younger than 45 years, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.00-1.39); 45 to 54 years, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.02-1.26); 55 to 64 years, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.96-1.09); 65 to 74 years, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88-0.95); and 75 years or older, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79-0.83). The 3-way interaction (sex, age, and chest pain) on mortality was significant (P.001). Conclusion In this registry of patients hospitalized with MI, women were more likely than men to present without chest pain and had higher mortality than men within the same age group, but sex differences in clinical presentation without chest pain and in mortality were attenuated with increasing age.

Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: Berberine has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo This pilot study was to determine the efficacy and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients In study A, 36 adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to treatment with berberine or metformin (05 g tid) in a 3-month trial The hypoglycemic effect of berberine was similar to that of metformin Significant decreases in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; from 95% ± 05% to 75% ± 04%, P<001), fasting blood glucose (FBG; from 106 ± 09 mmol/L to 69 ± 05 mmol/L, P<001), postprandial blood glucose (PBG; from 198 ± 17 to 111 ± 09 mmol/L, P<001) and plasma triglycerides (from 113 ± 013 mmol/L to 089 ± 003 mmol/L, P<005) were observed in the berberine group In study B, 48 adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes were treated supplemented with berberine in a 3-month trial Berberine acted by lowering FBG and PBG from one week to the end of the trial HbA1c decreased from 81% ± 02% to 73% ± 03% (P<0001) Fasting plasma insulin and HOMA-IR were reduced by 281% and 447% (P<0001), respectively Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were decreased significantly as well During the trial, 20 (345%) patients suffered from transient gastrointestinal adverse effects Functional liver or kidney damages were not observed for all patients In conclusion, this pilot study indicates that berberine is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism