Institution
Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation
Healthcare•Karachi, Pakistan•
About: Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation is a healthcare organization based out in Karachi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Transplantation & Population. The organization has 448 authors who have published 609 publications receiving 8804 citations.
Topics: Transplantation, Population, Renal function, Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Kidney transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong2, National Taiwan University3, Memorial Hospital of South Bend4, Ankara University5, Auckland City Hospital6, Aga Khan University7, Capital Medical University8, University of Hong Kong9, Asan Medical Center10, University Health System11, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University12, University of Malaya13, Yonsei University14, Prince of Songkla University15, University of Santo Tomas16, Peking University17, Zhejiang University18
TL;DR: The final clinical practice guidelines and recommendations for the optimal management of chronic HBV infection are presented here, along with the relevant background information.
Abstract: Worldwide, some 240 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), with the highest rates of infection in Africa and Asia. Our understanding of the natural history of HBV infection and the potential for therapy of the resultant disease is continuously improving. New data have become available since the previous APASL guidelines for management of HBV infection were published in 2012. The objective of this manuscript is to update the recommendations for the optimal management of chronic HBV infection. The 2015 guidelines were developed by a panel of Asian experts chosen by the APASL. The clinical practice guidelines are based on evidence from existing publications or, if evidence was unavailable, on the experts' personal experience and opinion after deliberations. Manuscripts and abstracts of important meetings published through January 2015 have been evaluated. This guideline covers the full spectrum of care of patients infected with hepatitis B, including new terminology, natural history, screening, vaccination, counseling, diagnosis, assessment of the stage of liver disease, the indications, timing, choice and duration of single or combination of antiviral drugs, screening for HCC, management in special situations like childhood, pregnancy, coinfections, renal impairment and pre- and post-liver transplant, and policy guidelines. However, areas of uncertainty still exist, and clinicians, patients, and public health authorities must therefore continue to make choices on the basis of the evolving evidence. The final clinical practice guidelines and recommendations are presented here, along with the relevant background information.
1,787 citations
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TL;DR: It is concluded that ALDH2*504Lys was carried by Han Chinese as they spread throughout East Asia, and occurs in most areas of China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Indochina with frequencies gradually declining radially from Southeast China.
Abstract: Summary
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) is one of the most important enzymes in human alcohol metabolism. The oriental ALDH2*504Lys variant functions as a dominant negative, greatly reducing activity in heterozygotes and abolishing activity in homozygotes. This allele is associated with serious disorders such as alcohol liver disease, late onset Alzheimer disease, colorectal cancer, and esophageal cancer, and is best known for protection against alcoholism. Many hundreds of papers in various languages have been published on this variant, providing allele frequency data for many different populations. To develop a highly refined global geographic distribution of ALDH2*504Lys, we have collected new data on 4,091 individuals from 86 population samples and assembled published data on a total of 80,691 individuals from 366 population samples. The allele is essentially absent in all parts of the world except East Asia. The ALDH2*504Lys allele has its highest frequency in Southeast China, and occurs in most areas of China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Indochina with frequencies gradually declining radially from Southeast China. As the indigenous populations in South China have much lower frequencies than the southern Han migrants from Central China, we conclude that ALDH2*504Lys was carried by Han Chinese as they spread throughout East Asia. Esophageal cancer, with its highest incidence in East Asia, may be associated with ALDH2*504Lys because of a toxic effect of increased acetaldehyde in the tissue where ingested ethanol has its highest concentration. While the distributions of esophageal cancer and ALDH2*504Lys do not precisely correlate, that does not disprove the hypothesis. In general the study of fine scale geographic distributions of ALDH2*504Lys and diseases may help in understanding the multiple relationships among genes, diseases, environments, and cultures.
233 citations
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TL;DR: The principal route for the expansion out of Africa ~60 kya remains unresolved, and linkage-disequilibrium decay with genomic distance was less rapid in both the whole genome and the African component than in southern African samples, suggesting a less ancient history for Ethiopian populations.
Abstract: Humans and their ancestors have traversed the Ethiopian landscape for millions of years, and present-day Ethiopians show great cultural, linguistic, and historical diversity, which makes them essential for understanding African variability and human origins. We genotyped 235 individuals from ten Ethiopian and two neighboring (South Sudanese and Somali) populations on an Illumina Omni 1M chip. Genotypes were compared with published data from several African and non-African populations. Principal-component and STRUCTURE-like analyses confirmed substantial genetic diversity both within and between populations, and revealed a match between genetic data and linguistic affiliation. Using comparisons with African and non-African reference samples in 40-SNP genomic windows, we identified "African" and "non-African" haplotypic components for each Ethiopian individual. The non-African component, which includes the SLC24A5 allele associated with light skin pigmentation in Europeans, may represent gene flow into Africa, which we estimate to have occurred ~3 thousand years ago (kya). The non-African component was found to be more similar to populations inhabiting the Levant rather than the Arabian Peninsula, but the principal route for the expansion out of Africa ~60 kya remains unresolved. Linkage-disequilibrium decay with genomic distance was less rapid in both the whole genome and the African component than in southern African samples, suggesting a less ancient history for Ethiopian populations.
194 citations
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Stanford University1, Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation2, University of Tartu3, Estonian Biocentre4, Russian Academy of Sciences5, University of Pavia6, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute7, Shifa College of Medicine8, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation9, University of Calcutta10, University of Massachusetts Medical School11, Russian Academy12, Comenius University in Bratislava13, Florida International University14, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology15, Indian Statistical Institute16, University of Cambridge17
TL;DR: The diversity and frequency profiles of M458 suggest its origin during the early Holocene and a subsequent expansion likely related to a number of prehistoric cultural developments in the region, and the virtual absence of M 458 chromosomes outside Europe speaks against substantial patrilineal gene flow from East Europe to Asia, including to India, at least since the mid-Holocene.
Abstract: Human Y-chromosome haplogroup structure is largely circumscribed by continental boundaries. One notable exception to this general pattern is the young haplogroup R1a that exhibits post-Glacial coalescent times and relates the paternal ancestry of more than 10% of men in a wide geographic area extending from South Asia to Central East Europe and South Siberia. Its origin and dispersal patterns are poorly understood as no marker has yet been described that would distinguish European R1a chromosomes from Asian. Here we present frequency and haplotype diversity estimates for more than 2000 R1a chromosomes assessed for several newly discovered SNP markers that introduce the onset of informative R1a subdivisions by geography. Marker M434 has a low frequency and a late origin in West Asia bearing witness to recent gene flow over the Arabian Sea. Conversely, marker M458 has a significant frequency in Europe, exceeding 30% in its core area in Eastern Europe and comprising up to 70% of all M17 chromosomes present there. The diversity and frequency profiles of M458 suggest its origin during the early Holocene and a subsequent expansion likely related to a number of prehistoric cultural developments in the region. Its primary frequency and diversity distribution correlates well with some of the major Central and East European river basins where settled farming was established before its spread further eastward. Importantly, the virtual absence of M458 chromosomes outside Europe speaks against substantial patrilineal gene flow from East Europe to Asia, including to India, at least since the mid-Holocene.
170 citations
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Mansoura University1, Assiut University2, University of Tokyo3, Long Island Jewish Medical Center4, Chiba University5, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences6, Aga Khan University7, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation8, Paris Diderot University9, Maulana Azad Medical College10, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University11, National University of Singapore12, University of Indonesia13, University of Santo Tomas14, Capital University15, Military Medical Academy16, Taif University17, Cairo University18, AmeriCorps VISTA19, German University in Cairo20, Cleveland Clinic21
TL;DR: Advances in the field are presented, and the APASL 2016 updated version on invasive and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis, which includes invasive methods (LB and hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements), blood tests, conventional radiological methods, elastography techniques and cost-effectiveness of liver fibrosis assessment methods are presented.
Abstract: Hepatic fibrosis is a common pathway leading to liver cirrhosis, which is the end result of any injury to the liver. Accurate assessment of the degree of fibrosis is important clinically, especially when treatments aimed at reversing fibrosis are being evolved. Despite the fact that liver biopsy (LB) has been considered the "gold standard" of assessment of hepatic fibrosis, LB is not favored by patients or physicians owing to its invasiveness, limitations, sampling errors, etc. Therefore, many alternative approaches to assess liver fibrosis are gaining more popularity and have assumed great importance, and many data on such approaches are being generated. The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) set up a working party on liver fibrosis in 2007, with a mandate to develop consensus guidelines on various aspects of liver fibrosis relevant to disease patterns and clinical practice in the Asia-Pacific region. The first consensus guidelines of the APASL recommendations on hepatic fibrosis were published in 2009. Due to advances in the field, we present herein the APASL 2016 updated version on invasive and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis. The process for the development of these consensus guidelines involved review of all available published literature by a core group of experts who subsequently proposed consensus statements followed by discussion of the contentious issues and unanimous approval of the consensus statements. The Oxford System of the evidence-based approach was adopted for developing the consensus statements using the level of evidence from one (highest) to five (lowest) and grade of recommendation from A (strongest) to D (weakest). The topics covered in the guidelines include invasive methods (LB and hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements), blood tests, conventional radiological methods, elastography techniques and cost-effectiveness of hepatic fibrosis assessment methods, in addition to fibrosis assessment in special and rare situations.
165 citations
Authors
Showing all 450 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Abdul Qayyum | 34 | 353 | 4250 |
Mazhar Hussain | 33 | 74 | 3774 |
Zaigham Abbas | 33 | 176 | 5792 |
S. Qasim Mehdi | 32 | 46 | 5977 |
Shagufta Khaliq | 27 | 65 | 2242 |
Asghar Naqvi | 26 | 138 | 2137 |
Arjumand Rizvi | 24 | 79 | 7399 |
Usman Qamar | 23 | 161 | 1864 |
Syed Ali Anwar Naqvi | 21 | 44 | 1386 |
Muhammed Mubarak | 20 | 196 | 1344 |
Syed Qasim Mehdi | 18 | 37 | 1335 |
Altaf Hashmi | 17 | 82 | 1220 |
Farhat Moazam | 17 | 38 | 832 |
Ejaz Ahmed | 16 | 49 | 846 |
Aun Haider | 16 | 64 | 863 |