Showing papers by "Sony Broadcast & Professional Research Laboratories published in 1980"

Photovoltaic study on the photo-enhanced diffusion of Ag in amorphous films of Ge2S3

Abstract: The process of the photo-enhanced diffusion of Ag atoms has been studied from photovoltaic responses in evaporated films of Ge2S3 between semitransparent metal electrodes. In addition to the ordinary barrier photovoltaic responses, an electron flow toward the Ag electrode (or a hole flow in the opposite direction) is generated by illumination of light. The current increases with the diffusion of Ag and disappears abruptly when the forefront of the diffusion reaches the opposite electrode. A simple model for the mechanism of the diffusion is presented by assuming the existence of charged defect centers in Ge2S3 films.

Television receiver apparatus for selectively displaying a video picture or alphanumeric data information

Abstract: Television receiver apparatus is disclosed for receiving and selectively displaying a video picture derived from video signals transmitted on a broadcasting channel, or alphanumeric data information derived from alphanumeric data signals which are transmitted during at least one horizontal line interval in each video frame interval. A predetermined number of alphanumeric data programs are transmitted on a given broadcasting channel, with each alphanumeric data program being comprised of alphanumeric data signals and an alphanumeric data program identification code. An entire alphanumeric data program is transmitted over a number of frame intervals. The television receiver apparatus includes an alphanumeric data program separator for separating the alphanumeric data signals and the alphanumeric data program identification code from the received broadcasting channel. A memory stores all of the alphanumeric data program identification codes transmitted on the received broadcasting channel; and a write-in circuit writes each of the alphanumeric data program identification codes into the memory, and a read-out circuit reads out each of the stored alphanumeric data program identification codes. A display device, such as the display screen of the television cathode ray tube, displays the alphanumeric data program identification codes which are read out of the memory. In accordance with one embodiment of this invention, the particular one of the displayed alphanumeric data program identification codes which then is being received by the television receiver apparatus is indicated. In accordance with another embodiment, any of the displayed alphanumeric data program identification codes may be selected such that the alphanumeric data information contained in that program is displayed, and the selected alphanumeric data program identification code is displayed distinctively.

5d→4f Radiative Transition Probabilities of Ce3+ and Eu2+ in Crystals

Abstract: Formulation of radiative transition probabilities of 5 d 1 →4 f 1 of Ce 3+ and of 4 f 6 5 d →4 f 7 of Eu 2+ in a cubic crystal field is performed using pure 5 d and 4 f wavefunctions. The emitting state of Ce 3+ is 5 d ( T 2 ) or 5 d ( E ). The coupled states of the 4 f 6 ( 7 F ) core and 5 d ( t 2 or e ) are taken as the emitting states of Eu 2+ . Line strengths are calculated for all possible transitions, and transition probability distributions over the terminal states are obtained. The estimated radiative life-times of Ce 3+ are about a half of the observed ones. For Eu 2+ , the calculated lifetimes are about thirty times as long as the observed ones. The theory suggests that Ce 3+ has the largest radiative transition probability in the rare-earth ions exhibiting 5 d -4 f luminescence.

Brushless DC motor

Abstract: A brushless DC motor having a rotor magnet magnetized to provide a sinusoidal magnetic field and two-phase stator windings at positions which differ from each other by an electrical angle which is an odd multiple of 90° is provided with a drive circuit comprising a signal generator with an output having a frequency determined by the rotational speed of the rotor, and a memory having stored therein digital information data converted from sampled values of a sinusoidal signal free of distortion The digital information data stored in the memory is read out therefrom by the output of the signal generator in synchronism with the magnetic field from the rotor magnet, and such read-out information data is employed to determine currents flowing through the stator windings so that torque ripple is substantially eliminated

Newly developed ternary (Ca, Sr, Ba) zirconate ceramic system for microwave resonators

Abstract: In Ca, Sr-rich region with orthorhombic perovskite-type structure, successful results such as high dielectric Q (2000∼3000 at 11GHz), suitable dielectric constant, (29∼32) and widely adjustable temperature coefficient of dielectric constant (−50 to +50 ppm/°C) were obtained. It was also found that substitution of small amounts of Ti for Zr brings some decrease in temperature coefficient with increase in dielectric Q. Using above described ceramics in microwave integrated circuits oscillator with GaAs FET, a compensation for temperature dependence of circuit elements was well achieved within the value which corresponds to the deviation of oscillation frequency within ± 500KHz at 11.66GHz (−20∼+60°C).

Method and apparatus for reducing DC components in a digital information signal

Abstract: A method of reducing DC components in a digital information signal comprised of a plurality of 8-bit data words by converting each of the 8-bit data words to a 10-bit data word, comprises the steps of grouping the 10-bit data words by weight in accordance with the run length of data of each of the 10-bit data words, with the 10-bit data words only including five or six logic level "1" bits; assigning each of the 8-bit data words to one of the 10-bit data words in accordance with the frequency of occurrence of the 8-bit data words so that 8-bit data words having a high frequency of occurrence are assigned to 10-bit data words having a short run length; classifying the grouped 10-bit data words into a first group consisting of 10-bit data words having five logic level "1" bits, a second group consisting of 10-bit data words having six logic level "1" bits, and a third group consisting of 10-bit data words having four logic level "1" bits, with the third group being formed by inverting the 10-bit words in the second group; and further assigning the 8-bit words alternately to the 10-bit words in the second and third groups when such 8-bit words correspond to previously assigned 10-bit words having six logic level "1" bits and assigning the remaining 8-bit words to the 10-bit words in the first group.

Videodisc player with constant turntable velocity

Abstract: In a disc record reproducing apparatus for reproducing a disc on which a PCM (pulse code modulation) signal in the form of an RLLC (run length limited code) is recorded, a reproduced PCM signal therefrom is frequency-divided at a constant frequency dividing ratio, a frequency-divided PCM signal is compared with a reference frequency signal, and then the rotation of the disc record is controlled by a compared output.

Optical reproducing head

Abstract: An optical reproducing head for reproducing an information signal recorded on an optical record medium includes a semiconductor laser for generating a laser beam, a first off-axis hologram lens irradiated with the laser beam from the semiconductor laser to produce a beam of parallel rays of light that has an optical axis which is off-set with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam, a second off-axis hologram lens irradiated with the beam of parallel rays of light from the first off-axis hologram lens to generate a focused beam which has an optical axis which is off-set with respect to the optical axis of the beam of parallel rays of light and has an optical axis perpendicular to the optical record medium, and a photo-detector detecting the intensity of a non-diffracted wave beam from the first off-axis hologram lens means, the non-diffracted wave beam being at least part of the focused beam which has been reflected from the optical record medium and has been diffracted by the second off-axis hologram lens. The output of the photodetector is used to produce a focus error signal and a tracking error signal for controlling the focus servo and tracking servo operations.

Digital video signal reproducing apparatus

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for use in a digital video signal playback device of the type having a record medium in which plural channels of digital video signals are recorded in a like plurality of tracks. Plural transducers, such as playback heads, are associated with respective ones of the channels and reproduce the digital video signals from the plural tracks, each transducer normally reproducing a respective, predetermined channel of the digital video signals. A detector detects the particular channel with which the digital video signal reproduced by each transducer is associated. A signal interchanger is provided with plural channel outputs and is responsive to the detector for directing digital video signals which have been reproduced by transducers associated with channels which differ from the channels of the reproduced digital video signals to the proper channel outputs as determined by the detector. Thus, regardless of the particular transducer which reproduces the digital video signals from a track, that digital video signal nevertheless is supplied to its proper channel output.

Digital signal processing apparatus

Abstract: In a digital video signal processing apparatus having error correcting and concealing capabilities, a video signal is converted to a digital signal and transmitted or recorded with error detecting and error correcting signals. Upon receiving or reproducing the transmitted signal, an error in th digitized video signal is detected by means of the error detecting signal, and corrected, if possible, by means of the error correcting signal. If the error is so extensive that its correction by the error correction signal is not possible, the erroneous signal is concealed by its replacement with a substantially corresponding signal of the previous field which has been stored in a suitable memory.

Magnetoresistive displacement sensor arrangement

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device utilizes the principle that the resistance of anisotropic magnetoresistive material is different in the case where the direction of current flowing in the material and the direction of a saturating magnetic field are parallel from the case where the direction of current and the direction of the saturating magnetic field are perpendicular to each other. The sensor device may be used to sense displacement and includes a ferromagnetic magnetoresistive element having at least one current path portion, a source applying electric current to each current path portion, and a magnetic field source producing first and second magnetic fields, occurring in first and second regions, and lying in first and second different mutually intersecting directions, respectively, with respect to the current path portion. The magnetoresistive element and the magnetic field source are displaceable in a predetermined direction relative to one another so that the relative amounts of the current path portion that are influenced by the first and second magnetic fields vary in accordance with such displacement. The magnetoresistive element can be connected to a constant current source, so that the voltage across the element indicates displacement. Alternatively, the magnetoresistive element can be formed of two series-connected current path portions, with a constant voltage source connected across both portions, so that the voltage appearing at the junction of the two current path portions indicates displacement.

Apparatus for reproducing disc record

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining a constant linear velocity for a PCM disc record which includes a detector for optically detecting the PCM signal on the record and supplies the output to a differentiating circuit and a rectifier circuit with the output of the rectifier circuit supplied to a peak detector circuit which supplies its output to a level comparator that also receives a reference level from a reference source. A first phase comparator also receives the output of the rectifier circuit and controls a voltage controlled oscillator through a low pass filter and the output of the voltage controlled oscillator is supplied to the phase comparator. A divider receives the output of the voltage controlled oscillator and supplies a first input to a phase comparator which also receives an input from a reference frequency generator. The outputs of the level comparator and the phase comparator are supplied to the motor drive circuit which controls the drive motor for the disc record.

Fiber reinforced piezoelectric bender transducer

Abstract: An electro-mechanical transducer having a first layer made of piezoelectric material having opposing major surfaces, a pair of electrodes formed on the major surfaces of the first layer, respectively, and a second layer clamped at its one surface to one of the surfaces of the first layer. In this case, the first layer has a Young's modulus of E, the second layer has a Young's modulus of Ex in one direction and a Young's modulus Ey in the direction perpendicular to the one direction in the major surface, The Young's moduli E, Ex, Ey satisfy the relation E>Ey, Ex>Ey, and one end of the first and second layers along the one direction is clamped.

Apparatus for placing chip type circuit elements on a board

Abstract: An apparatus for locating chip type circuit elements on a printed circuit board includes an accommodating assembly for temporarily storing said circuit elements supplied from hoppers, a movable shutter placed under the accommodating assembly, and which supports and rotates circuit elements within the accommodating assembly, and a template placed under the shutter to receive the circuit elements dropped from the accommodating assembly when the shutter is removed laterally from under the accommodating assembly.

Method and apparatus for editing digital signals

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for editing digital signals, such as PCM-encoded audio signals, which are helically recorded on a magnetic tape in a Video Tape Recorder, first and second digital signals to be edited are reproduced in order to determine the respective edit points, and a predetermined interval of either one of the first and second digital signals is stored in a memory, with such predetermined interval including the respective edit point. During an editing operation, the digital signals from the memory are inserted between the first and second digital signals, and thereby the first and second digital signals can be recorded on an editing tape without discontinuities at the desired edit points.

Remote control apparatus

Abstract: A remote control apparatus having a commander and a receiver. In a wireless remote control system for a television receiver having a channel command device and a responding device, the channel command device includes a channel selecting circuit for selecting one channel command from among a plurality of predetermined channel commands, a command signal generating circuit for generating a channel command signal corresponding to a selected channel command, and a channel command transmitting circuit having a speaker for transmitting the channel command signal; and the responding device includes a channel command receiving circuit having a microphone for receiving the transmitted channel command signal and a channel command discriminating circuit for discriminating the channel command signal and supplying a channel selecting signal corresponding to the discriminated channel command signal to control a tuning circuit of the television receiver. Further, there is provided in the responding device, a return signal generating circuit for producing a return signal corresponding to the channel command indicated by the channel selecting signal and a return signal transmitting circuit having a speaker for transmitting the return signal, while the channel command device further has a return signal receiving circuit having a microphone for receiving the transmitted return signal, a return signal discriminating circuit for discriminating the return signal and producing a discriminated return signal indicating the channel command to which the return signal corresponds, a comparing circuit for comparing the originally selected channel command and the discriminated return signal, and an indicating circuit connected to the comparing circuit for indicating a coincidence of the originally selected channel command and the discriminated return signal.

Channel programing apparatus for a signal receiver

Abstract: A programming apparatus is provided for use with a signal receiver, such as a television or FM broadcast receiver, of the type whose tuning frequency is determined by a tuning control voltage or other tuning control signal, and whose power supply can be switched between an OFF and an ON condition in response to a power control signal. In the programming apparatus, a tuner control circuit generates a tuning control signal representing a predetermined channel or frequency when the power supply is switched to the ON condition; a timer generates a current time code representing the current time; a coincidence detector circuit compares the current time code with a program time code which is selectively entered and stored in a program time memory and provides a coincidence signal when these two codes are the same; a circuit applies the power control signal to the power supply to switch it to its ON condition upon occurrence of the coincidence signal; a program channel code corresponding to a desired channel or frequency is selectively entered and stored in a program channel memory; a discriminator provides a discriminating signal to indicate the stored presence of the program channel code in the program channel memory; and another circuit supplies the program channel code from the program channel memory to the tuner control circuit upon the occurrence of both the coincidence signal and the discriminating signal so that the tuner is tuned to the desired frequency at the desired program time.

Apparatus for recording and/or reproducing digital signal

Abstract: An apparatus for recording and/or reproducing a serial digitized analog signal controls the transport speed of a recording medium according to the sampling rate employed in digitizing the analog signal to produce a constant data density on the recording medium regardless of the sampling rate selected. The frequency of a fundamental clock signal establishes the sampling frequency during recording. A coded timing signal also recorded on the recording medium includes both a sync signal and a coded identity of the sampling frequency in use. During reproduction, the coded identity of the sampling frequency is used to select the same fundamental clock signal as was used during recording and the reproduced sync signal is phase compared with a reference signal derived from the fundamental clock signal to correspondingly control the speed and phase of transport of the recording medium. The fundamental clock signal may be manually varied during reproduction for pitch control of the reproduced analog signal.

Cathodoluminescence Saturation and Decay Characteristics of ZnS: Cu, Al Phosphor

Abstract: An attempt at a qualitative understanding of the luminescence saturation mechanisms of ZnS: Cu, Al phosphor has been made by studying the exicitation current-density dependences of the luminescence efficiencies and decays at several activator concentrations, temperatures and accelerating voltages. The saturation behavior is independent of the Cu and Al concentrations in the region >10-4 gatom/mol-ZnS. Neither the temperature nor the accelerating voltage affects the saturation. Nonradiative deactivation of the luminescent centers occurs in the early stages of the decay. Auger recombination involving a donor-acceptor pair is postulated as the nonradiative process responsible for the saturation.

Apparatus for feeding electric circuit elements

Abstract: Apparatus for feeding electric circuit elements includes a plurality of containers or stockers for electric circuit elements, a transfer member connected to a respective stocker for transferring the circuit elements, and a shutter assembly disposed across the feeding path of the transfer member, whereby a plurality of circuit elements are fed at one time by one stroke of the shutter assembly. The shutter assembly may have a cut-out portion at the edge thereof and is adjustably removable in a direction perpendicular to that of the stroke thereof to open the feeding paths which correspond to the cut-out portion. The stocker may include a receptacle, the bottom of which defines an opening to receive a capture member. The capture member has plural through holes extending axially therethrough and is opened at its conical top thereof to receive circuit elements by reciprocal movement of the capture member relative to the receptacle.

Digital soft-edge video special effects generator

Abstract: A digital soft-edge circuit for a video special effects generator switches rapidly between two input video signals during the transition from one video signal to another. The proportions of the two video signals are progressively varied through the transition region, the resulting mixed image, when integrated by the eye of the observer, provides a soft-edged transition from one video signal to the other.

Video signal reproducing apparatus for converting a video signal from a first format to a second format

Abstract: In a video signal reproducing apparatus for converting a first video signal having a first field frequency to a second video signal having a second field frequency, there are provided a tape scanning device which is made movable in a direction perpendicular to the recording track on a tape, a system for controlling the speed of the scanning device, a system for shifting the scanning device in the aforesaid direction according to the difference between the first and second field frequencies, in order to skip or repeat selected fields so that the video signal is reproduced with the second field frequency. Also provided is a system for converting the number of lines contained in one field of the first video signal. In the above converting system there is included a memory, and the first video signal is written into the memory and read out therefrom so that a predetermined number of lines of the first video signal are discarded or repeated and the reproduced video signal has the required number of lines for each field of the second video signal.

Deflectable transducer head assembly

Abstract: A transducer head assembly for a video tape machine capable of supporting the magnetic head so that it can be moved transversely to the tape so that the head will be aligned with the magnetic signal track for different speeds and direction of movement of the tape as well as for situations when the tape is stopped. A pair of flexible supporting means are generally triangular shaped and have their rear edges attached to opposite sides of a supporting block and have their free ends connected to a connecting bar upon which the magnetic head is mounted. A coil is attached to the connecting bar and moves between one or more magnets such that when electrical signals are applied to the coil the connecting bar is moved to align the magnetic head. The spacing between the two flexible members is substantial so that a pantograph is formed which assures that the magnetic head moves substantially parallel to the surface of the tape and does not move in an arc.

Coil assembly for flat brushless motor

Abstract: A coil assembly for a flat brushless motor comprises a coil of wire, and a bobbin including a flangeless plate-like portion having a peripheral surface on which the coil is wound with the axis of the coil being normal to opposed major surfaces of the plate-like portion, and with at least a part of the peripheral surface having a profile which deviates from a parallel to the coil axis so as to include sections angled in opposite direction from such parallel to the axis for preventing movement of the coil relative to the bobbin in the direction of the coil axis. The mentioned profile of the peripheral surface may be V-shaped and either outwardly concave or convex, or the peripheral surface may have a ridge extending therealong to define such profile. The opposed major surfaces of the plate-like portion are desirably in the form of triangles with two sides thereof radiating from the motor shaft, and with a support portion of the bobbin extending from the third side of the triangular plate-like portion and being offset therefrom for convenient attachment to a fixed mounting plate of the motor.

Piezoelectric electro-mechanical bimorph transducer

Abstract: An electro-mechanical transducer having a first layer made of piezoelectric material having opposing major surfaces, a pair of electrodes formed on the major surfaces of the first layer, respectively, and a second layer clamped at its one surface to one of the surfaces of the first layer. In this case, the first layer has a Young's modulus of E, the second layer has a Young's modulus Ex in one direction and a Young's modulus Ey in the direction perpendicular to the one direction in the major surface, the Young's moduli E, Ex, Ey satisfy the relation E>Ey, Ex>Ey, and one end of the first and second layers along the one direction is clamped. The thickness of the electrode is selected between 0.1 and 3 μm to obtain large amount of displacement at the other end. The outer surface of the electrode may be coated with a conductive paste to ensure voltage supply to the whole surface of the electrode.

Video signal processing circuit

Abstract: A video signal processing circuit is disclosed which has a wave-forming circuit for setting the level of an input video signal to a predetermined first DC level, which is higher than the pedestal level of the input video signal, at least during the blanking period of the input video signal, and producing a wave-formed signal; a peak-hold circuit for detecting and holding the level of the darkest peak of the wave-formed signal and producing a peak-hold output signal; and a black level control circuit controlled by the peak-hold output signal for controlling the DC level of the input video signal so that the darkest level of the input video signal coincides with a predetermined second DC level

Electronic circuit arrangement mounted on printed circuit board

Abstract: In an electronic circuit arrangement mounted on a printed circuit board in which leadless circuit parts are attached to the printed circuit board with adhesive A white paint is applied onto a region to which adhesive is applied, and an adhesive containing pigment contrastable to the white paint is applied onto the paint

Method of activating implanted ions by incoherent light beam

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a semiconductor device having the steps of implanting impurity ions to a surface of a semiconductor substrate; and radiating the substrate with incoherent light of which scope is wider than said substrate whereby the implanted region is electrically activated.

Tape synchronizing apparatus

Abstract: An editing system employing a video tape recorder (VTR) of this type in which a rotary magnetic video head is attached to a bi-morph leaf or the like so that the VTR can perform in any one of a plurality of special reproducing modes such as a slow motion mode, fast motion mode or the like without the generation of any guard band noise includes a helical scan VTR, which is adapted to carry out the special reproduction modes and is used for reproducing video signals from an original tape, the helical scan video tape recorder including a time code reader for reading out time code signals recorded on the original tape, a reference time generator, which may be another VTR, for generating a reference time code, a memory for storing certain of the time code signals corresponding to an in-point of the original tape (that is, a starting point for playing information signals recorded on the video tape), a VTR controller for setting the direction and speed of travel of the video tape at the in-point, and a central processing unit for stopping the video tape at a pre-roll point with the distance between the in-point and pre-roll point being determined as a function of the set direction and speed of travel of the video tape at the in-point so that during an editing operation, the pore-roll point is changed in accordance with the reproduction mode requested in the editing range, and the reproduction mode used, namely, the tape speed used, after the editing range, is changed based upon data previously stored in the memory during a trial run editing operation.

Method and apparatus for recording a digital information signal in parallel tracks on a record medium without guard bands between at least some adjacent tracks

Abstract: Apparatus for performing a method of recording a color video signal on a magnetic tape includes an analog-to-digital converter which samples the video signal at a frequency which is at least three times the color subcarrier frequency of the color video signal and converts the sampled color video signal to digital form; an interface which sequentially distributes the digitized samples to, for example, four channels, each channel including a time base compressor for compressing the digitized samples supplied thereto, an error control encoder for generating error control data from the respective compressed samples and adding the error control data thereto, and a recording processor for adding synchronizing, identifying and address signals to the compressed digitized samples supplied thereto and for code converting the digitized video signal in the form of 8-bit words to a respective 10-bit word code to reduce the low frequency components of the digitized video signal; and four recording transducers, each associated with one of the channels, for recording the digitized video signal from the four channels in a plurality of parallel tracks extending obliquely on the magnetic tape without guard bands between, preferably, any adjacent ones of the tracks and with the digitized video signal being recorded in alternate ones of the tracks with a first azimuth angle and the digitized video signal being recorded in the remaining alternate ones of the tracks with a second azimuth angle which is different from the first azimuth angle.