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Showing papers by "Sony Broadcast & Professional Research Laboratories published in 2004"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for learning biped locomotion using dynamical movement primitives based on non-linear oscillators is introduced, and the frequency of the learned trajectories is adjusted automatically by a novel frequency adaptation algorithm based on phase resetting and entrainment of coupled oscillators.

362 citations


01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: Many variants that surprisingly do not lead to any substancial improvement are described, suggesting the existence of a “glass ceiling” at R-precision about 65% which cannot probably be overcome by pursuing such variations on the same theme.
Abstract: We report on experiments done in an attempt to improve the performance of a music similarity measure which we introduced in [2] The technique aims at comparing music titles on the basis of their global “timbre”, which has many applications in the field of Music Information Retrieval Such measures of timbre similarity have seen a growing interest lately, and every contribution (including ours) is yet another instantiation of the same basic pattern recognition architecture, only with different algorithm variants and parameters Most give encouraging results with a little effort, and imply that nearperfect results would just extrapolate by fine-tuning the algorithms’ parameters However, such systematic testing over large, inter-dependent parameter spaces is both difficult and costly, as it requires to work on a whole general meta-database architecture This paper contributes in two ways to the current state of the art We report on extensive tests over very many parameters and algorithmic variants, either already envisioned in the literature or not This leads to an improvement over existing algorithms of about 15% R-precision But most importantly, we describe many variants that surprisingly do not lead to any substancial improvement Moreover, our simulations suggest the existence of a “glass ceiling” at R-precision about 65% which cannot probably be overcome by pursuing such variations on the same theme

354 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The finding of the oscillatory expression of canonical clock genes with a temporal order provides an interesting hypothesis, that cyclic timing of all clock and clock-controlled genes may be dependent on several transcriptional elements including 3 known elements, E-box, RORE, and DBPE.
Abstract: Background: The circadian rhythm of about 24 hours is a fundamental physiological function observed in almost all organisms from prokaryotes to humans. Identification of clock genes has allowed us to study the molecular bases for circadian behaviors and temporal physiological processes such as hormonal secretion, and has prompted the idea that molecular clocks reside not only in a central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of hypothalamus in mammals, but also in peripheral tissues, even in immortalized cells. Furthermore, previous molecular dissection revealed that the mechanism of circadian oscillation at a molecular level is based on transcriptional regulation of clock and clock-controlled genes. Results: We systematically analyzed the mRNA expression of clock and clock-controlled genes in mouse peripheral tissues. Eight genes (mBmal1, mNpas2, mRev-erbα, mDbp, mRev-erbβ, mPer3, mPer1 and mPer2; given in the temporal order of the rhythm peak) showed robust circadian expressions of mRNAs in all tissues except testis, suggesting that these genes are core molecules of the molecular biological clock. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that these genes have one or a combination of 3 transcriptional elements (RORE, DBPE, and E-box), which are conserved among human, mouse, and rat genome sequences, and indicated that these 3 elements may be responsible for the biological timing of expression of canonical clock genes. Conclusions: The observation of oscillatory profiles of canonical clock genes is not only useful for physiological and pathological examination of the circadian clock in various organs but also important for systematic understanding of transcriptional regulation on a genome-wide basis. Our finding of the oscillatory expression of canonical clock genes with a temporal order provides us an interesting hypothesis, that cyclic timing of all clock and clock-controlled genes may be dependent on several transcriptional elements including 3 known elements, E-box, RORE, and DBPE.

313 citations


Patent
25 Aug 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and system for providing information about recorded media content having a beginning and end time is presented, where a progress bar including a first portion is displayed on a display device.
Abstract: A method and system for providing information about recorded media content having a beginning and end time. A progress bar including a first portion is displayed on a display device. The first portion graphically represents the duration of the recorded media content and has a first color. The progress bar also includes a second portion having a second color. The second portion graphically represents a section of the recorded media content that is viewed during a viewing session. The second color is distinct from the first color.

236 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A connectionist model, the recurrent neural network with parametric biases (RNNPB), in which multiple behavior schemata can be learned by the network in a distributed manner is reviewed, explaining how self-organizing internal structures can contribute to generalization in learning, and diversity in behavior generation, in the proposed distributed representation scheme.

236 citations


Patent
28 May 2004
TL;DR: In this article, the imaging angle of field at a wide angle end was used for a video camera and a digital still camera, where the zoom lens was composed of a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group (GR2), a third lens group(GR3), and a final group provided at a position nearest to an image surface.
Abstract: Provided are a zoom lens where the imaging angle of field at a wide angle end used for a video camera and a digital still camera includes a wide angle of field of 60 - 100 degrees, that has a magnification ratio of 3 to 6 times, that has a front lens element with a small diameter which makes the zoom lens more compact, and that has high image forming performance, and an imaging device with the zoom lens. A zoom lens (20) whose magnification is varied by varying the distance between lens groups, where the lens groups are composed of a first lens group (GR1) having positive refractive power, a second lens group (GR2) having negative refractive power, a 3rd lens group (GR3) having positive refractive power, and a final group (GRR) provided at a position nearest to an image surface and having negative refractive power, arranged in that order from the object side, the first lens group (GR1) is constructed from a single positive powered lens (G1), and the zoom lens satisfies (1) 0.5 40, where Ymax is the maximum image height on an image surface, FW, the focal length at a wide angle end of the entire lens system, and VdG1, the Abbe number at the d line of the first lens group (GR1).

229 citations


Patent
11 May 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, an autonomously dispersed type wireless network is formed with communication stations avoiding collision of beacons transmitted one to another in the event that the range of reach of airwaves change and a receivable state is created and beacons collide, a communication station changes the beacon transmission position of itself in response to receiving a beacon from another station at a timing immediately prior to transmission to its own beacon.
Abstract: An autonomously dispersed type wireless network is suitably formed with communication stations avoiding collision of beacons transmitted one to another In the event that the range of reach of airwaves change and a receivable state is created and beacons collide, a communication station changes the beacon transmission position of itself in response to receiving a beacon from another station at a timing immediately prior to transmission to its own beacon Also, in the event that beacon collision is exposed due to emergence of a new communication which can perform reception from two systems out of airwave range of each other, the newly-participating station requests one of the communication stations of which the beacons are colliding to change the beacon transmission timing

227 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 Jul 2004
TL;DR: The integrated motion control method to make a bipedal humanoid walk, jump and run is proposed based on the concept of the dynamics filter, which assures that the force and the moment generated by the robot can equilibrate with that caused by the environment.
Abstract: This paper proposes the integrated motion control method to make a bipedal humanoid walk, jump and run. This method generates dynamically consistent motion patterns in real-time based on the concept of the dynamics filter, which assures that the force and the moment generated by the robot can equilibrate with that caused by the environment. The validity of the algorithm is verified by the dynamic simulation. The proposed method is applied to the real humanoid "QRIO" under the adaptive controls, and stable walking, jumping and running including the transitions between them are realized.

225 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, degraded GaN-based laser diodes were investigated in terms of dislocations and degradation is governed by a diffusion process, and a detailed degradation mechanism was proposed.
Abstract: We investigate degraded GaN-based laser diodes (LDs) on epitaxial lateral overgrown GaN layers in terms of dislocations. Almost all of the threading dislocations that appear in the wing regions are a-type dislocations. Their origins are the lateral extension of dislocations from the seed regions that contingently bend upwards to the episurface. Comparing short-lived LDs and long-lived LDs that have almost the same power consumption, we find that the relative levels of dislocation densities in their respective active layers are different. In the degraded LDs, neither dislocation multiplication from the threading dislocations nor any structural changes of the threading dislocations are observed. This indicates that degradation is not caused by dislocation multiplication at the active layers, which is usually observed in LDs featuring zincblende-based structures. The degradation rate is almost proportional to the square root of the aging time. Our results indicate that degradation is governed by a diffusion process, and a detailed degradation mechanism is proposed.

224 citations


Patent
22 Apr 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a user interface with a high degree of freedom and high power of expression in a recorded medium of a large capacity is presented, where the play item has a multi-angle structure which can be reproduced by a plurality of angles.
Abstract: It is possible to realize a user interface having a high degree of freedom and high power of expression in a recorded medium of a large capacity. There is provided a flag indicating whether the play item has multi-angle structure which can be reproduced by a plurality of angles. Moreover, at the head of a decode unit, there is provided a flag indicating whether it is an angle switching-enabled point. In a seamless multi-angle structure, angle switching can be performed without increasing the number of interleave units. In the non-seamless multi-angle structure, by using this flag, a predetermined area of the end side of each angle is made angle switching-disabled, so as to eliminate discontinuity of reproduction when coming out of the multi-angle. Moreover, there is provided a flag indicating whether it is possible to reproduce the sub item asynchronously with the main path so that the sub play item of audio alone can be used as BGM.

213 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 Jul 2004
TL;DR: Methods for path planning and obstacle avoidance for the humanoid robot QRIO, allowing the robot to autonomously walk around in a home environment are presented, based on plane extraction from data captured by a stereo-vision system that has been developed specifically forQRIO.
Abstract: This work presents methods for path planning and obstacle avoidance for the humanoid robot QRIO, allowing the robot to autonomously walk around in a home environment. For an autonomous robot, obstacle detection and localization as well as representing them in a map are crucial tasks for the success of the robot. Our approach is based on plane extraction from data captured by a stereo-vision system that has been developed specifically for QRIO. We briefly overview the general software architecture composed of perception, short and long term memory, behavior control, and motion control, and emphasize on our methods for obstacle detection by plane extraction, occupancy grid mapping, and path planning. Experimental results complete the description of our system.

Patent
10 Dec 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a sound produced at the location of a listener is captured by a microphone in each of a plurality of speaker devices, and a server apparatus calculates a speaker-to-speaker distance between the speaker device that has emitted the sound and each of the other speaker devices.
Abstract: A sound produced at the location of a listener is captured by a microphone in each of a plurality of speaker devices. A sever apparatus receives an audio signal of the captured sound from all speaker devices, and calculates a distance difference between the distance of the location of the listener to the speaker device closest to the listener and the distance of the listener to each of the plurality of speaker devices. When one of the speaker devices emits a sound, the server apparatus receives an audio signal of the sound captured by and transmitted from each of the other speaker devices. The server apparatus calculates a speaker-to-speaker distance between the speaker device that has emitted the sound and each of the other speaker devices. The server apparatus calculates a layout configuration of the plurality of speaker devices based on the distance difference and the speaker-to-speaker distance.

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Oct 2004
TL;DR: A design concept for AIBO based on how to increase its "lifelike" appearance is described and it is shown that this pet-type robot activates human emotions effectively, and that AIBO helps in human-human communication.
Abstract: In this paper we describe effects of human interactions with a pet-type robot, especially with AIBO. First, we describe a design concept for AIBO based on how to increase its "lifelike" appearance. By introducing statistical results of marketing, and experiments involving human-robot interactions using AIBO, we show that this pet-type robot activates human emotions effectively. Furthermore, the experiments demonstrate that AIBO helps in human-human communication. We discuss the phenomena of interaction with AIBO, and attempt to explain why this happened.

Patent
27 Apr 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a wireless communication network that forms an ad-hoc network without the arrangement of a controlling station sets a period that a communication apparatus can utilize with priority and performs isochronous communication in the period as required.
Abstract: A wireless communication network that forms an ad-hoc network without the arrangement of a controlling station sets a period that a communication apparatus can utilize with priority and performs isochronous communication in the period as required. When isochronous communication has not been performed or after isochronous communication has finished in the priority utilization period, other communication apparatuses perform arbitrary communication. When another communication is performed in a communication apparatus's own priority utilization period, the start of isochronous communication is temporarily delayed. In an ad-hoc communication environment, data having a real-time characteristic, such as AV content, can be efficiently transmitted through the isochronous communication.

Patent
21 Oct 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the RTS/CTS method was used together with CSMA access control for CSMA-based access control in a CTS-based CSMA system, where the CTS transmitting station measures the quality of RTS receive signal and determines a transmission rate at which it can receive and notifies a station as the destination of CTS information.
Abstract: Access control based on CSMA is favorably carried out with the RTS/CTS method used together. If the RTS/CTS procedure is used together, CTS information is transmitted in response to the reception of RTS information, and data is transmitted in response to the reception of CTS. The CTS transmitting station measures the quality of RTS receive signal, and thereby determines a transmission rate at which it can receive and notifies a station as the destination of CTS. The station as the destination of CTS transmits data in response to CTS information. As the transmission rate for this data, the transmission rate indicated in the RATE field in CTS is applied.

Patent
16 Jul 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a system for controlling video and audio devices distributed over a power-line communications (PLC) network is described, where a server supports adjusting encoding and decoding latency for synchronizing streams being input or output on media devices.
Abstract: A system for controlling video and audio devices distributed over a power-line communications (PLC) network. Streaming video and/or audio is communicated between media devices interfaced with a power-line communications (PLC) network. The devices are typically controlled by a media server which is preferably configured for receiving commands from a user utilizing a remote control unit, wherein commands are received by a media device, and certain commands which are not directed at that media device are passed through the media device to the media server for controlling the action of other media devices. The server supports adjusting encoding and/or decoding latency for synchronizing streams being input or output on media devices. Locking functions and password control features are provided for limiting control or dissemination of content. Rate control is preferably provided for limiting bandwidth utilization by streams, and a room-to-room live pause feature to prevent loss due to interruptions.

Patent
05 Mar 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for scrambling and descrambling program data comprises the receipt of a mating key generator message including a manufacturer identifier, which is transmitted to a first remote source identified by the manufacturer identifier.
Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for scrambling and descrambling program data comprises the receipt of a mating key generator message including a manufacturer identifier. The mating key generator message is transmitted to a first remote source identified by the manufacturer identifier. In response, a mating key is received from the first remote source. Then, the mating key is supplied to a second remote source, the mating key being subsequently used to encrypt a service key used for scrambling program data.

Journal ArticleDOI
13 Sep 2004
TL;DR: A dynamic voltage and frequency management (DVFM) scheme with leakage power compensation effect is introduced in a microprocessor with 128-bit wideband 64-Mb embedded DRAM, achieving 82% power reduction in personal information management scheduler application and 40% power reduced in MPEG4 movie playback.
Abstract: High-performance and low-power microprocessors are key to PDA applications. A dynamic voltage and frequency management (DVFM) scheme with leakage power compensation effect is introduced in a microprocessor with 128-bit wideband 64-Mb embedded DRAM. The DVFM scheme autonomously controls clock frequency from 8 to 123 MHz in steps of 0.5 MHz and also adaptively controls supply voltage from 0.9 to 1.6 V in steps of 5 mV, achieving 82% power reduction in personal information management scheduler application and 40% power reduction in MPEG4 movie playback. This low-power embedded microprocessor, fabricated with 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS embedded DRAM technology, enables high-performance operations such as audio and video applications. As process technology shrinks, this adaptive leakage power compensation scheme will become more important in realizing high-performance and low-power mobile consumer applications.

Patent
05 Apr 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a device and a method is provided to enable improved control of streaming live delivery and recording processing as to a client from a server of tuner-received content.
Abstract: A device and method is provided to enable improved control of streaming live delivery and recording processing as to a client from a server of tuner-received content. This is configured such that a tuner control instance which executes streaming delivery of the tuner-received content under the control of the tuner, and a storage unit control instance which executes recording of the tuner-received content under the control of the content storage unit such as a hard disk, are independently set, and to each a channel list URL and video capsule URL are set as the content URL capable of specifying the processing control object, and requests can be received from the client individually by setting a control instance ID which is a control instance (AVT instance) identifier. By this configuration, independent processing according to the client request is enabled.

Patent
17 Sep 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a display unit capable of being simply designed and manufactured by using more simplified light emitting device structure while capable of high definition display and display with superior color reproducibility and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.
Abstract: A display unit capable of being simply designed and manufactured by using more simplified light emitting device structure while capable of high definition display and display with superior color reproducibility and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The display unit is a display unit (1), wherein a plurality of organic EL devices (3B), (3G), and (3R), in which a function layer (6) including a light emitting layer (11) is sandwiched between a lower electrode (4) made of a light reflective material and a semi-transmissive upper electrode (7), and which has a resonator structure in which light h emitted in the light emitting layer (11) is resonated using a space between the lower electrode (4) and the upper electrode (7) as a resonant section (15) and is extracted from the upper electrode (7) side are arranged on a substrate (2). In the respective organic EL devices (3B), (3G), and (3R), the function layer (6) is made of an identical layer, and an optical distance L of the resonant section (15) is set to a value different from each other so that blue, green, or red wavelength region is resonated.

Patent
05 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of error detection when a nonvolatile memory is in the initial state in a semiconductor memory device performing encoding for error correction and encoding is addressed.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a semiconductor memory device which can avoid erroneous judgments caused by error detection when a nonvolatile memory is in the initial state in a semiconductor memory device performing encoding for error correction and encoding. SOLUTION: When writing, the data are compared with prescribed state data which are, for example, erase data when a nonvolatile memory is in an erasing state. In accordance with the comparison result, when the write data coincide with the erase data, the erase data are selected. On the contrary, when both data do not coincide, encoded data which are obtained by applying error correction encoding to the write data are selected and written in the nonvolatile memory. When reading, when the read data coincide with the erase data in accordance with the comparison result of data read from the nonvolatile memory with the erase data, the erase data are selected. On the contrary, when both do not coincide, decoded data which are obtained by applying error correction decoding to the read-out data are selected and outputted. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Patent
22 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe methods and apparatuses for organizing audio and visual content and prefetching selected audio/visual content configured to be displayed to a user. In one embodiment, they identify a preference corresponding to the user; detects a current display window; and prefetches at least one audio or visual content in response, in part, to the current display windows and the preference.
Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for organizing audio/visual content and prefetching selected audio/visual content configured to be displayed to a user In one embodiment, the methods and apparatuses for presenting content identifies a preference corresponding to a user; detects a current display window; and prefetches at least one audio/visual content in response, in part, to the current display window and the preference

Patent
05 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, an icon display system is provided in which an icon train selectable on an icon menu screen is managed by a display icon management table and non-display icon management tables to visualize a part of the entire icon train.
Abstract: An icon display system is provided in which an icon train selectable on an icon menu screen is managed by a display icon management table and non-display icon management table to visualize a part of the entire icon train. This is done by disposing the visualized icon train in an orbit while holding the other part of the icon train as invisible icons on the screen and displaying the invisible icons by moving the icon train in the orbit. Some icons are made to visually disappear at a discontinuity of the orbit by moving the icon train in the orbit and the new icons can be made to appear at the discontinuity to the screen. With this system, patterns of individual icons can be prevented from being indiscernible from each other no matter how many icons are set selectable on the display screen.

Patent
11 Mar 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a defect management and data rewrite in the write-once type recording medium is discussed, where a normal recording/reproduction area, an alternate area, a first alternate management information information area (DMA), and a second alternate management area (TDMA) are provided.
Abstract: A recording medium capable of improving usefulness of a write once type recording medium. In the write once type recording medium, there are provided a normal recording/reproduction area, an alternate area, a first alternate management information area (DMA), and a second alternate management information area (TDMA), and furthermore, write presence/absence marker information (space pit map) is recorded. The second alternate management information area is an area for realizing rewrite of alternate management information by additionally writing alternate management information associated with alternate processing. Furthermore, according to the write presence/absence marker information, it is possible to judge whether the each data unit (cluster) on the recording medium has been written in or not. Thus, it is possible to appropriately realize defect management and data rewrite in the write once type medium.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The prototype 256-slice CT-scanner for four-dimensional (4D) imaging that employs continuous rotations of a cone-beam found that image noise, uniformity, and high contrast detectability were independent of z coordinate and better performance for the 16-slice scanner regarding the SSP, low Contrast detectability, and distortion.
Abstract: We have developed a prototype 256-slice CT-scanner for four-dimensional (4D) imaging that employs continuous rotations of a cone-beam. Since a cone-beam scan along a circular orbit does not collect a complete set of data to make an exact reconstruction of a volume [three-dimensional (3D) image], it might cause disadvantages or artifacts. To examine effects of the cone-beam data collection on image quality, we have evaluated physical performance of the prototype 256-slice CT-scanner with 0.5 mm slices and compared it to that of a 16-slice CT-scanner with 0.75 mm slices. As a result, we found that imagenoise, uniformity, and high contrast detectability were independent of z coordinate. A Feldkamp artifact was observed in distortion measurements. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) of slice sensitivity profiles (SSP) increased with z coordinate though it seemed to be caused by other reasons than incompleteness of data. With regard to low contrast detectability, smaller objects were detected more clearly at the midplane (z=0 mm ) than at z=40 mm , though circular-band like artifacts affected detection. The comparison between the 16-slice and the 256-slice scanners showed better performance for the 16-slice scanner regarding the SSP, low contrast detectability, and distortion. The inferiorities of the 256-slice scanner in other than distortion measurement (Feldkamp artifact) seemed to be partly caused by the prototype nature of the scanner and should be improved in the future scanner. The imagenoise, uniformity, and high contrast detectability were almost identical for both CTs. The 256-slice scanner was superior to the 16-slice scanner regarding the PSF, though it was caused by the smaller transverse beam width of the 256-slice scanner. In order to compare both scanners comprehensively in terms of exposure dose, noise, slice thickness, and transverse spatial resolution, K=Dσ 2 ha 3 was calculated, where D was exposure dose (CT dose index), σ was magnitude of noise, h was slice thickness (FWHM of SSP), and a was transverse spatial resolution (FWHM of PSF). The results showed that the K value was 25% larger for the 16-slice scanner, and that the 256-slice scanner was 1.25 times more effective than the 16-slice scanner at the midplane. The superiority in K value for the 256-slice scanner might be partly caused by decrease of wasted exposure with a wide-angle cone-beam scan. In spite of the several problems of the 256-slice scanner, it took a volume data approximately 1.0 mm ( transverse )×1.3 mm ( longitudinal ) resolution for a wide field of view (approximately 100 mm long) along the z axis in a 1 s scan if resolution was defined by the FWHM of the PSF or the SSP, which should be very useful to take dynamic 3D (4D) images of moving organs.

Patent
22 Sep 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a configuration in which use management for each piece of content, which is divided in units, can be performed strictly and efficiently is provided, where a unit key is generated and data processing is performed using the unit key, and a content hash that is a hash value based on data forming the CPS unit is used.
Abstract: A configuration in which use management for each piece of content, which is divided in units, can be performed strictly and efficiently is provided. CPS units such that content stored on an information recording medium is divided into units are set, a unit key is assigned to each CPS unit, and data forming each unit is encrypted and recorded. For reproduction, a unit key is generated, and data processing using the unit key is performed. As information for generating the unit key, copy/play control information (CCI) that is set so as to correspond to the CPS unit and a content hash that is a hash value based on data forming the CPS unit are used. With this configuration, tampering of CCI and data forming the CPS unit can be prevented, and authorized content use can be realized.

Patent
05 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a system and method for capturing motion comprises a motion capture volume adapted to contain at least one actor having body markers defining plural body points and facial markers defining plurality facial points.
Abstract: A system and method for capturing motion comprises a motion capture volume adapted to contain at least one actor having body markers defining plural body points and facial markers defining plural facial points. A plurality of body motion cameras and a plurality of facial motion cameras are arranged around a periphery of the motion capture volume. The facial motion cameras each have a respective field of view narrower than a corresponding field of view of the body motion cameras. The facial motion cameras are arranged such that all laterally exposed surfaces of the actor while in motion within the motion capture volume are within the field of view of at least one of the plurality of facial motion cameras at substantially all times. A motion capture processor is coupled to the plurality of facial motion cameras and the plurality of body motion cameras to produce a digital model reflecting combined body and facial motion of the actor. At least one microphone may be oriented to pick up audio from the motion capture volume.

Patent
20 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a 5×5 pixel block is set as a unit pixel block and pieces of pixel information in first, third, and fifth columns of the first, fourth, fifth, and sixth rows of a pixel arrangement are added and outputted as an output in an ath row and an ath column of the unit pixel blocks.
Abstract: When pixels are simply skipped while keeping both an order of pixel information and a spatial positional relation the same as those in all-pixel readout, since a distance between pixels to be read out increases, the Nyquist frequency decreases and aliasing noise increases A 5×5 pixel block is set as a unit pixel block and pieces of pixel information in first, third, and fifth columns of first, third, and fifth rows of a pixel arrangement are added and outputted as an output in an ath row and an ath column of the unit pixel block Then, pieces of pixel information in sixth, eighth, and tenth columns of the first, the third, and the fifth rows of the pixel arrangement are added and outputted as an output in the ath row and a bth column of the unit pixel block Subsequently, pieces of pixel information are added and outputted up to a last column or a column near the last column Thereafter, pieces of pixel information in the first, the third, and the fifth columns of the sixth, the eighth, and the tenth rows of the pixel arrangement are added and outputted as an output in a bth row and the ath column of the unit pixel block Subsequently, all arbitrary pixels are read out while repeating the same operation and skipping and adding pieces of pixel information

Patent
24 Sep 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a liquid crystal display and a backlight device using an LED element as a light source and enabling excellent color reproduction without color variation are provided. But the backlight is not used in this paper.
Abstract: A liquid crystal display and a backlight device using an LED element as a light source and enabling excellent color reproduction without color variation are provided. An optical unit (61) comprises a dichroic mirror (B) transmitting a green light (Lg) and a red light (Lr) and reflecting a blue light (Lb), a dichroic mirror (G) transmitting the lights (Lb and Lr) and reflecting the light (Lg), a dichroic mirror (R) transmitting the lights (Lb and Lg) and reflecting the light (Lr) are so disposed as to correspondingly transmit or reflect the lights emitted from the LED elements (11B, 11G, 11 R). By means of these mirrors, the colored lights emitted are mixed together and a white light (Lw) is produced. The light (Lw) produced by means of the dichroic mirrors (B, G, R) enters a light guide plate (62) through a total-reflection mirror. In this way, a backlight device using an LED element as a light source enables excellent color reproduction without color variation.

Patent
03 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a system based on minimum level of transmission and reception operation for wireless LAN systems, where each communication station transmits a beacon in which information with respect to the network is written and sets a state in which a reception operation is performed during periods of time before and after the transmission of the beacon signal when performing access control not to make communication timing of a packet collide with that of another station by detecting a signal transmitted from another station.
Abstract: In order to solve a problem of an accumulation on the transmission side, a delay on the reception side, and the like at the time of transmission in a communication system such as a wireless LAN system, each communication station in a network transmits a beacon in which information with respect to the network is written and sets a state in which a reception operation is performed during periods of time before and after the transmission of the beacon signal when performing access control not to make communication timing of a packet collide with that of another station by detecting a signal transmitted from another station. With performing such processing, a system can be formed based on minimum level of transmission and reception operation when transmission and reception data does not exist in each communication station in the network, and also a data transfer can be performed with latency as small as possible in a minimum necessary level of transmission and reception operation by making a transition of a transmission and reception state in accordance with a fluctuating volume of transmission and reception data.