Showing papers by "Southern Illinois University Carbondale published in 2017"
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation1, Jimma University2, University of Alabama at Birmingham3, University of Oxford4, University of Cartagena5, University College London6, Harvard University7, Wellcome Trust8, University of Canterbury9, Madawalabu University10, University of Valencia11, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute12, Auckland University of Technology13, University of Coimbra14, Bielefeld University15, Mekelle University16, University of Massachusetts Boston17, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research18, University of Western Australia19, Heidelberg University20, New Generation University College21, Southern University College22, Simmons College23, Brown University24, University of Melbourne25, University of São Paulo26, University of Adelaide27, National Institutes of Health28, Columbia University29, Southern Illinois University Carbondale30, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare31, Teikyo University32, University of British Columbia33, Marshall University34, South African Medical Research Council35, Addis Ababa University36, Arba Minch University37, Northumbria University38, University of Edinburgh39, James Cook University40, Monash University41, University of Calgary42, University of Copenhagen43, University of Warwick44, National Research University – Higher School of Economics45, Duke University46, Northwestern University47
TL;DR: In international surveys, although there is uncertainty in some estimates, the rate of elevatedSBP (≥110-115 and ≥140 mm Hg) increased substantially between 1990 and 2015, and DALYs and deaths associated with elevated SBP also increased.
Abstract: Importance Elevated systolic blood (SBP) pressure is a leading global health risk. Quantifying the levels of SBP is important to guide prevention policies and interventions. Objective To estimate the association between SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg and SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher and the burden of different causes of death and disability by age and sex for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015. Design A comparative risk assessment of health loss related to SBP. Estimated distribution of SBP was based on 844 studies from 154 countries (published 1980-2015) of 8.69 million participants. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression was used to generate estimates of mean SBP and adjusted variance for each age, sex, country, and year. Diseases with sufficient evidence for a causal relationship with high SBP (eg, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke) were included in the primary analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures Mean SBP level, cause-specific deaths, and health burden related to SBP (≥110-115 mm Hg and also ≥140 mm Hg) by age, sex, country, and year. Results Between 1990-2015, the rate of SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg increased from 73 119 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 67 949-78 241) to 81 373 (95% UI, 76 814-85 770) per 100 000, and SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher increased from 17 307 (95% UI, 17 117-17 492) to 20 526 (95% UI, 20 283-20 746) per 100 000. The estimated annual death rate per 100 000 associated with SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg increased from 135.6 (95% UI, 122.4-148.1) to 145.2 (95% UI 130.3-159.9) and the rate for SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher increased from 97.9 (95% UI, 87.5-108.1) to 106.3 (95% UI, 94.6-118.1). Loss of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg increased from 148 million (95% UI, 134-162 million) to 211 million (95% UI, 193-231 million), and for SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher, the loss increased from 95.9 million (95% UI, 87.0-104.9 million) to 143.0 million (95% UI, 130.2-157.0 million). The largest numbers of SBP-related deaths were caused by ischemic heart disease (4.9 million [95% UI, 4.0-5.7 million]; 54.5%), hemorrhagic stroke (2.0 million [95% UI, 1.6-2.3 million]; 58.3%), and ischemic stroke (1.5 million [95% UI, 1.2-1.8 million]; 50.0%). In 2015, China, India, Russia, Indonesia, and the United States accounted for more than half of the global DALYs related to SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg. Conclusions and Relevance In international surveys, although there is uncertainty in some estimates, the rate of elevated SBP (≥110-115 and ≥140 mm Hg) increased substantially between 1990 and 2015, and DALYs and deaths associated with elevated SBP also increased. Projections based on this sample suggest that in 2015, an estimated 3.5 billion adults had SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg and 874 million adults had SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher.
1,494 citations
22 Sep 2017
TL;DR: There are concerns about using synthetic phenolic antioxidants as food additives because of the reported negative effects on human health, so a replacement of these synthetics by antioxidant extractions from various foods has been proposed.
Abstract: There are concerns about using synthetic phenolic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as food additives because of the reported negative effects on human health. Thus, a replacement of these synthetics by antioxidant extractions from various foods has been proposed. More than 8000 different phenolic compounds have been characterized; fruits and vegetables are the prime sources of natural antioxidants. In order to extract, measure, and identify bioactive compounds from a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, researchers use multiple techniques and methods. This review includes a brief description of a wide range of different assays. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties of phenolic natural products from fruits and vegetables are also discussed.
942 citations
TL;DR: The release of SDMtoolbox 2.0 allows researchers to use the most current ArcGIS software and MaxEnt software, and reduces the amount of time that would be spent developing common solutions.
Abstract: SDMtoolbox 2.0 is a software package for spatial studies of ecology, evolution, and genetics. The release of SDMtoolbox 2.0 allows researchers to use the most current ArcGIS software and MaxEnt software, and reduces the amount of time that would be spent developing common solutions. The central aim of this software is to automate complicated and repetitive spatial analyses in an intuitive graphical user interface. One core tenant facilitates careful parameterization of species distribution models (SDMs) to maximize each model's discriminatory ability and minimize overfitting. This includes carefully processing of occurrence data, environmental data, and model parameterization. This program directly interfaces with MaxEnt, one of the most powerful and widely used species distribution modeling software programs, although SDMtoolbox 2.0 is not limited to species distribution modeling or restricted to modeling in MaxEnt. Many of the SDM pre- and post-processing tools have 'universal' analogs for use with any modeling software. The current version contains a total of 79 scripts that harness the power of ArcGIS for macroecology, landscape genetics, and evolutionary studies. For example, these tools allow for biodiversity quantification (such as species richness or corrected weighted endemism), generation of least-cost paths and corridors among shared haplotypes, assessment of the significance of spatial randomizations, and enforcement of dispersal limitations of SDMs projected into future climates-to only name a few functions contained in SDMtoolbox 2.0. Lastly, dozens of generalized tools exists for batch processing and conversion of GIS data types or formats, which are broadly useful to any ArcMap user.
451 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Pd/In2O3 catalyst was used for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol with a CO2 conversion >20% and methananol selectivity >70%, corresponding to a STY up to 0.89 gMeOHh−1/gCat−1 at 300°C and 5
Abstract: CO2 hydrogenation to methanol has attracted increasing attention. Previous theoretical study suggested that Pd/In2O3 has a high activity for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol with the Pd-In2O3 interfacial sites being the active ones. However, the strong interaction between Pd and In2O3 during the catalyst preparation leads to the formation of Pd-In bimetallic species and, consequently, reduces methanol yield. In this work, the Pd/In2O3 catalyst was prepared by firstly mixing In2O3 powder with Pd/peptide composite, which was followed by thermal treatment to remove the peptide. The resulting Pd/In2O3 catalyst is In2O3 supported highly-dispersed Pd-nanoparticles exposing predominately the (111) facets with particle sizes of 3.6 nm. Such Pd nanoparticles have a better ability to dissociatively adsorb hydrogen, thereby supplying hydrogen for the hydrogenation steps and facilitating oxygen vacancy creation. The interfacial sites are also active for enhanced CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation. All these factors contribute to a superior performance of the Pd/In2O3 catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol with a CO2 conversion >20% and methanol selectivity >70%, corresponding to a STY up to 0.89 gMeOH h−1 gcat−1 at 300 °C and 5 MPa.
387 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose that the definition for flash droughts should explicitly focus on its rate of intensification rather than its duration, with droughters that develop much more rapidly than norma...
Abstract: Given the increasing use of the term “flash drought” by the media and scientific community, it is prudent to develop a consistent definition that can be used to identify these events and to understand their salient characteristics. It is generally accepted that flash droughts occur more often during the summer owing to increased evaporative demand; however, two distinct approaches have been used to identify them. The first approach focuses on their rate of intensification, whereas the second approach implicitly focuses on their duration. These conflicting notions for what constitutes a flash drought (i.e., unusually fast intensification vs short duration) introduce ambiguity that affects our ability to detect their onset, monitor their development, and understand the mechanisms that control their evolution. Here, we propose that the definition for “flash drought” should explicitly focus on its rate of intensification rather than its duration, with droughts that develop much more rapidly than norma...
288 citations
University of Zurich1, University of Konstanz2, Australian National University3, Southern Illinois University Carbondale4, Pompeu Fabra University5, University of Cambridge6, German Primate Center7, Andrews University8, Durham University9, Liverpool John Moores University10, University of Amsterdam11, University of Southern California12, University of Portsmouth13, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute14, Biomedical Primate Research Centre15, Murdoch University16, University of Bern17, Bogor Agricultural University18, Sabah Wildlife Department19, Cardiff University20, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics21, Zurich University of Applied Sciences/ZHAW22, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies23
TL;DR: It is shown that an isolated population from Batang Toru, at the southernmost range limit of extantSumatran orangutans south of Lake Toba, is distinct from other northern Sumatran and Bornean populations, and a new species, Pongo tapanuliensis, is identified.
252 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that pyrethroids are not only commonly detected in the aquatic environment, but also can cause toxic effects to benthic invertebrates, and calls for better development of accurate sediment quality criteria and effective ecological risk assessment methods for this emerging class of insecticides.
213 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a compound porous-foam/nanoparticles enhancement technique was used to significantly improve melting of a phase change material (PCM) in a triplex-tube heat exchanger applicable to liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems.
209 citations
TL;DR: The findings show that most of the barriers to GI stem from cognitive limitations and socio-institutional arrangements, and suggest 33 policies that can both overcome these barriers and expedite implementation.
201 citations
TL;DR: This paper reformulates the approximation problem using nonconvex regularizer instead of the traditional nuclear norm, resulting in a tighter approximation of the original sparsity-regularised rank function and develops an iterative algorithm based on the augmented Lagrangian multipliers method that can preserve large-scale image structures and small-scale details well.
Abstract: Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is challenging not only because of the difficulty in preserving both spectral and spatial structures simultaneously, but also due to the requirement of removing various noises, which are often mixed together. In this paper, we present a nonconvex low rank matrix approximation (NonLRMA) model and the corresponding HSI denoising method by reformulating the approximation problem using nonconvex regularizer instead of the traditional nuclear norm, resulting in a tighter approximation of the original sparsity-regularised rank function. NonLRMA aims to decompose the degraded HSI, represented in the form of a matrix, into a low rank component and a sparse term with a more robust and less biased formulation. In addition, we develop an iterative algorithm based on the augmented Lagrangian multipliers method and derive the closed-form solution of the resulting subproblems benefiting from the special property of the nonconvex surrogate function. We prove that our iterative optimization converges easily. Extensive experiments on both simulated and real HSIs indicate that our approach can not only suppress noise in both severely and slightly noised bands but also preserve large-scale image structures and small-scale details well. Comparisons against state-of-the-art LRMA-based HSI denoising approaches show our superior performance.
192 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Improvements were achieved with minimal use of a postoperative urinary catheter, rapid return to normal, and preservation of both erectile and ejaculatory function and Symptom improvement was commensurate with patient satisfaction.
Abstract: Introduction To report the five year results of a prospective, multi-center, randomized, blinded sham control trial of the Prostatic Urethral Lift (PUL) in men with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and methods At 19 centers in North America and Australia, 206 subjects ≥ 50 years old with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS ) > 12, peak flow rate (Qmax) ≤ 12 mL/s, and prostate volume 30 cc-80 cc were randomized 2:1 to the PUL procedure or blinded sham control. In PUL permanent UroLift implants are placed to hold open the lateral lobes of the prostate to reduce urinary obstruction. After randomized comparison at 3 months and the only opportunity to add more PUL implants, PUL patients were followed to 5 years. LUTS severity (IPSS), quality of life (QOL), BPH Impact Index (BPHII), Qmax, sexual function, and adverse events were assessed throughout follow up. Results IPSS improvement after PUL was 88% greater than that of sham at 3 months. LUTS and QOL were significantly improved by 2 weeks with return to preoperative physical activity within 8.6 days. Improvement in IPSS, QOL, BPHII, and Qmax were durable through 5 years with improvements of 36%, 50%, 52%, and 44% respectively. No difference was seen between Intent to Treat and Per Protocol populations. Surgical retreatment was 13.6% over 5 years. Adverse events were mild to moderate and transient. Sexual function was stable over 5 years with no de novo, sustained erectile or ejaculatory dysfunction. Conclusions PUL offers rapid improvement in symptoms, QOL and flow rate that is durable to 5 years. These improvements were achieved with minimal use of a postoperative urinary catheter, rapid return to normal, and preservation of both erectile and ejaculatory function. Symptom improvement was commensurate with patient satisfaction. PUL offers a minimally invasive option in the treatment of LUTS due to BPH.
Dokuz Eylül University1, Ghent University2, Çankırı Karatekin University3, Gaziosmanpaşa University4, Balıkesir University5, East Carolina University6, Ankara University7, Mustafa Kemal University8, Southern Illinois University Carbondale9, University of Dammam10, Spanish National Research Council11, University of Córdoba (Spain)12, University of Pretoria13
TL;DR: The oleaster genome contains signatures of two Oleaceae lineage-specific paleopolyploidy events that contributed to the expansion and neofunctionalization of genes and gene families that play important roles in oil biosynthesis and will be a valuable resource for oil crop genomics.
Abstract: Here we present the genome sequence and annotation of the wild olive tree (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), called oleaster, which is considered an ancestor of cultivated olive trees. More than 50,000 protein-coding genes were predicted, a majority of which could be anchored to 23 pseudochromosomes obtained through a newly constructed genetic map. The oleaster genome contains signatures of two Oleaceae lineage-specific paleopolyploidy events, dated at ∼28 and ∼59 Mya. These events contributed to the expansion and neofunctionalization of genes and gene families that play important roles in oil biosynthesis. The functional divergence of oil biosynthesis pathway genes, such as FAD2, SACPD, EAR, and ACPTE, following duplication, has been responsible for the differential accumulation of oleic and linoleic acids produced in olive compared with sesame, a closely related oil crop. Duplicated oleaster FAD2 genes are regulated by an siRNA derived from a transposable element-rich region, leading to suppressed levels of FAD2 gene expression. Additionally, neofunctionalization of members of the SACPD gene family has led to increased expression of SACPD2, 3, 5, and 7, consequently resulting in an increased desaturation of steric acid. Taken together, decreased FAD2 expression and increased SACPD expression likely explain the accumulation of exceptionally high levels of oleic acid in olive. The oleaster genome thus provides important insights into the evolution of oil biosynthesis and will be a valuable resource for oil crop genomics.
TL;DR: A review of material relevant to the Conference on Biosignature Preservation and Detection in Mars Analog Environments summarizes the meeting materials and discussions and is further expanded upon by detailed references to the published literature as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: This review of material relevant to the Conference on Biosignature Preservation and Detection in Mars Analog Environments summarizes the meeting materials and discussions and is further expanded upon by detailed references to the published literature. From this diverse source material, there is a detailed discussion on the habitability and biosignature preservation potential of five primary analog environments: hydrothermal spring systems, subaqueous environments, subaerial environments, subsurface environments, and iron-rich systems. Within the context of exploring past habitable environments on Mars, challenges common to all of these key environments are laid out, followed by a focused discussion for each environment regarding challenges to orbital and ground-based observations and sample selection. This leads into a short section on how these challenges could influence our strategies and priorities for the astrobiological exploration of Mars. Finally, a listing of urgent needs and future resea...
TL;DR: This article introduces political scientists to a class of network techniques beyond simple descriptive measures of network structure, and it helps researchers choose which model to use in their own research.
Abstract: The last decade has seen substantial advances in statistical techniques for the analysis of network data, as well as a major increase in the frequency with which these tools are used. These techniques are designed to accomplish the same broad goal, statistically valid inference in the presence of highly interdependent relationships, but important differences remain between them. We review three approaches commonly used for inferential network analysis—the quadratic assignment procedure, exponential random graph models, and latent space network models—highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the techniques relative to one another. An illustrative example using climate change policy network data shows that all three network models outperform standard logit estimates on multiple criteria. This article introduces political scientists to a class of network techniques beyond simple descriptive measures of network structure, and it helps researchers choose which model to use in their own research.
TL;DR: In this paper, three enhancement techniques: fins, nanoparticles and a combination of both were investigated with the aim of correcting the limitation of today's PCMs, which severely limit their energy storage applications.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model based on the thermal equilibrium assumption which takes into account the non-Darcy effects of porous foam and the Brownian motion of nanoparticles was formulated and validated with previous related experimental studies.
University of Iowa1, Cardiff University2, Texas A&M University3, Leibniz University of Hanover4, Florida State University5, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University6, University of Sydney7, University of Texas at Austin8, Southern Illinois University Carbondale9, Oregon State University10, University of Graz11, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences12, Chinese Academy of Sciences13, Shizuoka University14, University of Leicester15, Towson University16, Imperial College London17, Hokkaido University18, University of Edinburgh19, University of South Florida20, University of Houston21, Osaka University22, Utah State University23, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology24, Korea University25
TL;DR: The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 352 recovered a high-fidelity record of volcanism related to subduction initiation in the Bonin fore-arc as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 352 recovered a high-fidelity record of volcanism related to subduction initiation in the Bonin fore-arc. Two sites (U1440 and U1441) located in deep water nearer to the trench recovered basalts and related rocks; two sites (U1439 and U1442) located in shallower water further from the trench recovered boninites and related rocks. Drilling in both areas ended in dolerites inferred to be sheeted intrusive rocks. The basalts apparently erupted immediately after subduction initiation and have compositions similar to those of the most depleted basalts generated by rapid sea-floor spreading at mid-ocean ridges, with little or no slab input. Subsequent melting to generate boninites involved more depleted mantle and hotter and deeper subducted components as subduction progressed and volcanism migrated away from the trench. This volcanic sequence is akin to that recorded by many ophiolites, supporting a direct link between subduction initiation, fore-arc spreading, and ophiolite genesis.
Vanderbilt University1, Huazhong University of Science and Technology2, Southern Illinois University Carbondale3, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4, California Institute of Technology5, University of Oulu6, Novosibirsk State University7, University of Nottingham8, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology9, Russian Academy of Sciences10
TL;DR: This Minireview covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.
Abstract: Nuclear spin polarization can be significantly increased through the process of hyperpolarization, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by 4-8 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarized gases, unlike liquids and solids, can be more readily separated and purified from the compounds used to mediate the hyperpolarization processes. These pure hyperpolarized gases enabled many novel MRI applications including the visualization of void spaces, imaging of lung function, and remote detection. Additionally, hyperpolarized gases can be dissolved in liquids and can be used as sensitive molecular probes and reporters. This mini-review covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.
TL;DR: The findings identify the following key areas that warrant focused research: exploring the non-technical benefits of code reviews, helping developers in articulating review comments, and assisting reviewers’ program comprehension during code reviews.
Abstract: Many open source and commercial developers practice contemporary code review, a lightweight, informal, tool-based code review process. To better understand this process and its benefits, we gathered information about code review practices via surveys of open source software developers and developers from Microsoft. The results of our analysis suggest that developers spend approximately 10-15 percent of their time in code reviews, with the amount of effort increasing with experience. Developers consider code review important, stating that in addition to finding defects, code reviews offer other benefits, including knowledge sharing, community building, and maintaining code quality. The quality of the code submitted for review helps reviewers form impressions about their teammates, which can influence future collaborations. We found a large amount of similarity between the Microsoft and OSS respondents. One interesting difference is that while OSS respondents view code review as an important method of impression formation, Microsoft respondents found knowledge dissemination to be more important. Finally, we found little difference between distributed and co-located Microsoft teams. Our findings identify the following key areas that warrant focused research: 1) exploring the non-technical benefits of code reviews, 2) helping developers in articulating review comments, and 3) assisting reviewers’ program comprehension during code reviews.
TL;DR: In this paper, meteorological variables from 125 stations in the Eastern U.S. from March − October 1979 − 2010 were analyzed for their relationships with flash drought onset, and it was shown that conditions associated with decreased precipitation and humidity, increased solar radiation, and elevated temperatures were more closely linked with the likelihood of flash drought than temperature and/or precipitation.
TL;DR: It is concluded that differences reported in earlier studies may be explained by differences in rural versus urban demographic and psychosocial risk factors, while more recent and growing disparities appear to be related to other factors.
TL;DR: The goal of this paper is to organize the ULP work in a way that it can provide a platform for ULP research activities in future and to describe in detail the recent increase in interest and progress made in Urdu language processing research.
Abstract: Extensive work has been done on different activities of natural language processing for Western languages as compared to its Eastern counterparts particularly South Asian Languages. Western languages are termed as resource-rich languages. Core linguistic resources e.g. corpora, WordNet, dictionaries, gazetteers and associated tools being developed for Western languages are customarily available. Most South Asian Languages are low resource languages e.g. Urdu is a South Asian Language, which is among the widely spoken languages of sub-continent. Due to resources scarcity not enough work has been conducted for Urdu. The core objective of this paper is to present a survey regarding different linguistic resources that exist for Urdu language processing, to highlight different tasks in Urdu language processing and to discuss different state of the art available techniques. Conclusively, this paper attempts to describe in detail the recent increase in interest and progress made in Urdu language processing research. Initially, the available datasets for Urdu language are discussed. Characteristic, resource sharing between Hindi and Urdu, orthography, and morphology of Urdu language are provided. The aspects of the pre-processing activities such as stop words removal, Diacritics removal, Normalization and Stemming are illustrated. A review of state of the art research for the tasks such as Tokenization, Sentence Boundary Detection, Part of Speech tagging, Named Entity Recognition, Parsing and development of WordNet tasks are discussed. In addition, impact of ULP on application areas, such as, Information Retrieval, Classification and plagiarism detection is investigated. Finally, open issues and future directions for this new and dynamic area of research are provided. The goal of this paper is to organize the ULP work in a way that it can provide a platform for ULP research activities in future.
30 Oct 2017
TL;DR: SentiCR, a sentiment analysis tool especially designed for code review comments, is built and a model, trained using the Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT) algorithm, is found providing the highest mean accuracy, mean precision, and mean recall in identifying negative review comments.
Abstract: Sentiment Analysis tools, developed for analyzing social media text or product reviews, work poorly on a Software Engineering (SE) dataset. Since prior studies have found developers expressing sentiments during various SE activities, there is a need for a customized sentiment analysis tool for the SE domain. On this goal, we manually labeled 2000 review comments to build a training dataset and used our dataset to evaluate seven popular sentiment analysis tools. The poor performances of the existing sentiment analysis tools motivated us to build SentiCR, a sentiment analysis tool especially designed for code review comments. We evaluated SentiCR using one hundred 10-fold cross-validations of eight supervised learning algorithms. We found a model, trained using the Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT) algorithm, providing the highest mean accuracy (83%), the highest mean precision (67.8%), and the highest mean recall (58.4%) in identifying negative review comments.
TL;DR: In this article, the displacement field is expressed in terms of polynomials functions of the transverse variables while in the second category, non-polynomial functions are used.
TL;DR: The results underscore that tobacco/nicotine use during pregnancy extends beyond cigarettes, and suggest that use of these other products should be included in routine clinical screening on tobacco use, and the need for more intensive tobacco control and regulatory strategies targeting pregnant women.
20 May 2017
TL;DR: There are some concrete actions FLOSS projects can take to increase the chances of converting One-Time code Contributors (OTC) into long-term contributors.
Abstract: Successful Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects must attract and retain high-quality talent Researchers have invested considerable effort in the study of core and peripheral FLOSS developers To this point, one critical subset of developers that have not been studied are One-Time code Contributors (OTC) - those that have had exactly one patch accepted To understand why OTCs have not contributed another patch and provide guidance to FLOSS projects on retaining OTCs, this study seeks to understand the impressions, motivations, and barriers experienced by OTCs We conducted an online survey of OTCs from 23 popular FLOSS projects Based on the 184 responses received, we observed that OTCs generally have positive impressions of their FLOSS project and are driven by a variety of motivations Most OTCs primarily made contributions to fix bugs that impeded their work and did not plan on becoming long term contributors Furthermore, OTCs encounter a number of barriers that prevent them from continuing to contribute to the project Based on our findings, there are some concrete actions FLOSS projects can take to increase the chances of converting OTCs into long-term contributors
02 Apr 2017
TL;DR: This paper reports the findings in the first large-scale detection of collusive and vulnerable apps, based on inter-app ICC data flows among 110,150 real-world apps, and makes several technical contributions, including a new open-source ICC resolution tool with improved accuracy over the state-of-the-art, and a large database of inter- app ICCs and their attributes.
Abstract: Inter-Component Communication (ICC) provides a message passing mechanism for data exchange between Android applications. It has been long believed that inter-app ICCs can be abused by malware writers to launch collusion attacks using two or more apps. However, because of the complexity of performing pairwise program analysis on apps, the scale of existing analyses is too small (e.g., up to several hundred) to produce concrete security evidence. In this paper, we report our findings in the first large-scale detection of collusive and vulnerable apps, based on inter-app ICC data flows among 110,150 real-world apps. Our system design aims to balance the accuracy of static ICC resolution/data-flow analysis and run-time scalability. This large-scale analysis provides real-world evidence and deep insights on various types of inter-app ICC abuse. Besides the empirical findings, we make several technical contributions, including a new open-source ICC resolution tool with improved accuracy over the state-of-the-art, and a large database of inter-app ICCs and their attributes.
TL;DR: The present work shows how the specific arrangement of the linkers can play a key role in the photophysical properties of MOFs.
Abstract: Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) define emerging materials with unique optoelectronic properties that stem from the highly organized chromophoric linkers within their frameworks. The extent of ground- and excited-state interchromophoric interaction among the π-conjugated macrocyclic linkers was studied within three tetraphenyl-pyrene (1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-benzoic acid)pyrene; H4TBAPy)-based MOFs: ROD-7 (In2(OH)2TBAPy, frz), NU-901 (scu), and NU-1000 (csq) via steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. These experimental data along with computational results indicate that the extent of the interchromophoric interaction, leading to a reduced optical band gap, varies across the series of MOFs and is a function of the relative orientation of the TBAPy linkers determined by their respective framework topology. The trend in the S1 → S0 emission lifetime is consistent with their relative optical bandgap. Analyses of the transient emission decay profiles and time-resolved emission spectroscopic data, r...
TL;DR: Comprehensive experimental evaluations of the proposed multiple kernel-based learning method demonstrate its superior performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods on clustering and recommender systems and shows the great potential of the model for other possible applications.
TL;DR: It is shown that, unlike other chromatin remodellers, INO80 translocates along DNA at the H2A–H2B interface of nucleosomes and persistently displaces DNA from the surface of H2 a–h2B.
Abstract: ATP-dependent chromatin remodellers modulate nucleosome dynamics by mobilizing or disassembling nucleosomes, as well as altering nucleosome composition. These chromatin remodellers generally function by translocating along nucleosomal DNA at the H3-H4 interface of nucleosomes. Here we show that, unlike other remodellers, INO80 translocates along DNA at the H2A-H2B interface of nucleosomes and persistently displaces DNA from the surface of H2A-H2B. DNA translocation and DNA torsional strain created near the entry site of nucleosomes by INO80 promotes both the mobilization of nucleosomes and the selective exchange of H2A.Z-H2B dimers out of nucleosomes and replacement by H2A-H2B dimers without any additional histone chaperones. We find that INO80 translocates and mobilizes H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes more efficiently than those containing H2A, partially accounting for the preference of INO80 to replace H2A.Z with H2A. Our data suggest that INO80 has a mechanism for dimer exchange that is distinct from other chromatin remodellers including its paralogue SWR1.