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Institution

Spanish National Research Council

GovernmentMadrid, Spain
About: Spanish National Research Council is a government organization based out in Madrid, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 79563 authors who have published 220470 publications receiving 7698991 citations. The organization is also known as: CSIC & Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Catalysis, Stars, Star formation


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
Philip S. Cowperthwaite1, Edo Berger1, V. A. Villar1, Brian D. Metzger2  +158 moreInstitutions (47)
TL;DR: In this article, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF5076) and the Heising-Simons Foundation (HSPF) have contributed to the creation of the DES-Brazil Consortium.
Abstract: NSF [AST-1411763, AST-1714498, DGE 1144152, PHY-1707954, AST-1518052]; NASA [NNX15AE50G, NNX16AC22G]; National Science Foundation; Kavli Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; Niels Bohr International Academy; DARK Cosmology Centre; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation; Heising-Simons Foundation; UCSC; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; European Research Council [ERC-StG-335936]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF5076]; DOE (USA); NSF (USA); MISE (Spain); STFC (UK); HEFCE (UK); NCSA (UIUC); KICP (U. Chicago); CCAPP (Ohio State); MIFPA (Texas AM); MINECO (Spain); DFG (Germany); CNPQ (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FINEP (Brazil); Argonne Lab; UC Santa Cruz; University of Cambridge; CIEMAT-Madrid; University of Chicago; University College London; DES-Brazil Consortium; University of Edinburgh; ETH Zurich; Fermilab; University of Illinois; ICE (IEEC-CSIC); IFAE Barcelona; Lawrence Berkeley Lab; LMU Munchen; Excellence Cluster Universe; University of Michigan; NOAO; University of Nottingham; Ohio State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Portsmouth; SLAC National Lab; Stanford University; University of Sussex; Texas AM University; Gemini Observatory [GS-2017B-Q-8, GS-2017B-DD-4]

788 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that free-living elderly Europeans, regardless of geographical location, are at substantial risk of inadequate vitamin D status during winter and that dietary enrichment or supplementation with vitamin D should be seriously considered during this season.

788 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2016-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive analysis of warming-induced changes in soil carbon stocks by assembling data from 49 field experiments located across North America, Europe and Asia, and provide estimates of soil carbon sensitivity to warming that may help to constrain Earth system model projections.
Abstract: The majority of the Earth's terrestrial carbon is stored in the soil. If anthropogenic warming stimulates the loss of this carbon to the atmosphere, it could drive further planetary warming. Despite evidence that warming enhances carbon fluxes to and from the soil, the net global balance between these responses remains uncertain. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of warming-induced changes in soil carbon stocks by assembling data from 49 field experiments located across North America, Europe and Asia. We find that the effects of warming are contingent on the size of the initial soil carbon stock, with considerable losses occurring in high-latitude areas. By extrapolating this empirical relationship to the global scale, we provide estimates of soil carbon sensitivity to warming that may help to constrain Earth system model projections. Our empirical relationship suggests that global soil carbon stocks in the upper soil horizons will fall by 30 ± 30 petagrams of carbon to 203 ± 161 petagrams of carbon under one degree of warming, depending on the rate at which the effects of warming are realized. Under the conservative assumption that the response of soil carbon to warming occurs within a year, a business-as-usual climate scenario would drive the loss of 55 ± 50 petagrams of carbon from the upper soil horizons by 2050. This value is around 12-17 per cent of the expected anthropogenic emissions over this period. Despite the considerable uncertainty in our estimates, the direction of the global soil carbon response is consistent across all scenarios. This provides strong empirical support for the idea that rising temperatures will stimulate the net loss of soil carbon to the atmosphere, driving a positive land carbon-climate feedback that could accelerate climate change.

787 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2013-Carbon
TL;DR: This article proposed a nomenclature for two-dimensional carbons that could guide authors toward a more precise description of their subject materials, and could allow the field to move forward with a higher degree of common understanding.

786 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
09 Jan 2014-Nature
TL;DR: Great variation among these species, including increasing, constant, decreasing, humped and bowed trajectories for both long- and short-lived species, challenges theoreticians to develop broader perspectives on the evolution of ageing and empiricists to study the demography of more species.
Abstract: Evolution drives, and is driven by, demography. A genotype moulds its phenotype’s age patterns of mortality and fertility in an environment; these two patterns in turn determine the genotype’s fitness in that environment. Hence, to understand the evolution of ageing, age patterns of mortality and reproduction need to be compared for species across the tree of life. However, few studies have done so and only for a limited range of taxa. Here we contrast standardized patterns over age for 11 mammals, 12 other vertebrates, 10 invertebrates, 12 vascular plants and a green alga. Although it has been predicted that evolution should inevitably lead to increasing mortality and declining fertility with age after maturity, there is great variation among these species, including increasing, constant, decreasing, humped and bowed trajectories for both long- and short-lived species. This diversity challenges theoreticians to develop broader perspectives on the evolution of ageing and empiricists to study the demography of more species.

786 citations


Authors

Showing all 79686 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Guido Kroemer2361404246571
George Efstathiou187637156228
Peidong Yang183562144351
H. S. Chen1792401178529
David R. Williams1782034138789
Andrea Bocci1722402176461
Adrian L. Harris1701084120365
Gang Chen1673372149819
Gregory J. Hannon165421140456
Alvaro Pascual-Leone16596998251
Jorge E. Cortes1632784124154
Dongyuan Zhao160872106451
John B. Goodenough1511064113741
David D'Enterria1501592116210
A. Gomes1501862113951
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20241
202371
2022463
202111,933
202012,584
201911,596