Institution
Spanish National Research Council
Government•Madrid, Spain•
About: Spanish National Research Council is a government organization based out in Madrid, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 79563 authors who have published 220470 publications receiving 7698991 citations. The organization is also known as: CSIC & Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Catalysis, Stars, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Peking University1, Chinese Academy of Sciences2, Boston University3, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, University of Exeter6, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology7, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory8, Oak Ridge National Laboratory9, Beijing Normal University10, Spanish National Research Council11, Montana State University12, University of Birmingham13, Imperial College London14, Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research15, Max Planck Society16, University of Maryland, College Park17
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used three long-term satellite leaf area index (LAI) records and ten global ecosystem models to investigate four key drivers of LAI trends during 1982-2009.
Abstract: Global environmental change is rapidly altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, with consequences for the functioning of the Earth system and provision of ecosystem services(1,2). Yet how global vegetation is responding to the changing environment is not well established. Here we use three long-term satellite leaf area index (LAI) records and ten global ecosystem models to investigate four key drivers of LAI trends during 1982-2009. We show a persistent and widespread increase of growing season integrated LAI (greening) over 25% to 50% of the global vegetated area, whereas less than 4% of the globe shows decreasing LAI (browning). Factorial simulations with multiple global ecosystem models suggest that CO2 fertilization effects explain 70% of the observed greening trend, followed by nitrogen deposition (9%), climate change (8%) and land cover change (LCC) (4%). CO2 fertilization effects explain most of the greening trends in the tropics, whereas climate change resulted in greening of the high latitudes and the Tibetan Plateau. LCC contributed most to the regional greening observed in southeast China and the eastern United States. The regional effects of unexplained factors suggest that the next generation of ecosystem models will need to explore the impacts of forest demography, differences in regional management intensities for cropland and pastures, and other emerging productivity constraints such as phosphorus availability.
1,534 citations
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TL;DR: Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, particularly in humans, mechanistic insights are emerging from experimental model systems, which have implications for structuring future research and understanding disease and development.
Abstract: Epigenetic phenomena in animals and plants are mediated by DNA methylation and stable chromatin modifications. There has been considerable interest in whether environmental factors modulate the establishment and maintenance of epigenetic modifications, and could thereby influence gene expression and phenotype. Chemical pollutants, dietary components, temperature changes and other external stresses can indeed have long-lasting effects on development, metabolism and health, sometimes even in subsequent generations. Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, particularly in humans, mechanistic insights are emerging from experimental model systems. These have implications for structuring future research and understanding disease and development.
1,534 citations
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TL;DR: The goal of this paper is to present the main aspects of the baseline mission and describe how soil moisture will be retrieved from SMOS data.
Abstract: Microwave radiometry at low frequencies (L-band: 1.4 GHz, 21 cm) is an established technique for estimating surface soil moisture and sea surface salinity with a suitable sensitivity. However, from space, large antennas (several meters) are required to achieve an adequate spatial resolution at L-band. So as to reduce the problem of putting into orbit a large filled antenna, the possibility of using antenna synthesis methods has been investigated. Such a system, relying on a deployable structure, has now proved to be feasible and has led to the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, which is described. The main objective of the SMOS mission is to deliver key variables of the land surfaces (soil moisture fields), and of ocean surfaces (sea surface salinity fields). The SMOS mission is based on a dual polarized L-band radiometer using aperture synthesis (two-dimensional [2D] interferometer) so as to achieve a ground resolution of 50 km at the swath edges coupled with multiangular acquisitions. The radiometer will enable frequent and global coverage of the globe and deliver surface soil moisture fields over land and sea surface salinity over the oceans. The SMOS mission was proposed to the European Space Agency (ESA) in the framework of the Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions. It was selected for a tentative launch in 2005. The goal of this paper is to present the main aspects of the baseline mission and describe how soil moisture will be retrieved from SMOS data.
1,528 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the results of the elemental analysis with that obtained by different spectroscopic techniques (infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and XPS) have been inferred that, from a chemical point of view, the solid product consists of small clusters of condensed benzene rings that form stable groups with oxygen in the core.
1,526 citations
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1, University of Zurich2, Stanford University3, College of William & Mary4, University of Genoa5, University of Urbino6, CERN7, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics8, Cornell University9, Argonne National Laboratory10, ETH Zurich11, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research12, Hillsdale College13, Spanish National Research Council14, Tohoku University15, Ohio State University16, University of California, San Diego17, University of California, Berkeley18, Aix-Marseille University19, University of Minnesota20, University of Alabama21, University of Helsinki22, California Institute of Technology23, George Washington University24, University of Kansas25, RWTH Aachen University26, Boston University27, University of California, Los Angeles28, Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques29, University of Pennsylvania30, University of Tokyo31, University of Delaware32, Fermilab33, Carnegie Mellon University34, University of California, Santa Cruz35, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory36, University of Washington37, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology38, Heidelberg University39, Florida State University40, Carleton University41, National Science Foundation42, University of Mainz43, University of Edinburgh44, University of Chicago45, Brookhaven National Laboratory46, Kent State University47, Paul Scherrer Institute48, Max Planck Society49, Massachusetts Institute of Technology50, Nagoya University51, Harvard University52
TL;DR: In this article, a biennial review summarizes much of particle physics using data from previous editions., plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, including measurements of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons.
Abstract: This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions., plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors., probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on CKM quark-mixing matrix, V-ud & V-us, V-cb & V-ub, top quark, muon anomalous magnetic moment, extra dimensions, particle detectors, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology.
1,520 citations
Authors
Showing all 79686 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Guido Kroemer | 236 | 1404 | 246571 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Peidong Yang | 183 | 562 | 144351 |
H. S. Chen | 179 | 2401 | 178529 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Andrea Bocci | 172 | 2402 | 176461 |
Adrian L. Harris | 170 | 1084 | 120365 |
Gang Chen | 167 | 3372 | 149819 |
Gregory J. Hannon | 165 | 421 | 140456 |
Alvaro Pascual-Leone | 165 | 969 | 98251 |
Jorge E. Cortes | 163 | 2784 | 124154 |
Dongyuan Zhao | 160 | 872 | 106451 |
John B. Goodenough | 151 | 1064 | 113741 |
David D'Enterria | 150 | 1592 | 116210 |
A. Gomes | 150 | 1862 | 113951 |