Showing papers by "St. Jude Children's Research Hospital published in 1969"
TL;DR: Although venom exhibited tryptic activity, neither its tryptic nor stimulatory activity was affected by trypsin inhibitor, and activation of phosphodiesterase by venom appeared to be monomolecular reaction and was not dependent on Mn 2+ at a concentration optimal for phosphodiestersterase activity.
112 citations
TL;DR: Disruption of myxoviruses with Tween 20 provides a method for the independent study of these antigens during antigenic drift and reveals structures identical in size and morphology to the neuraminidase and hemagglutinin subunits described by others.
Abstract: Myxoviruses were disrupted with Tween 20 at high p H, and the major surface antigens were separated in biologically active form. The neuraminidase had a sedimentation coefficient of 10.8 S , and the hemagglutinin had a sedimentation coefficient of 8.1 S . Electron microscopic examination of negatively stained preparations revealed structures identical in size and morphology to the neuraminidase and hemagglutinin subunits described by others. Inhibition of neuraminidase activity by antibody to the hemagglutinin which occurred with intact viruses (probably for “steric” reasons) did not occur after the viruses were disrupted with Tween 20. Serological assays for neuraminidase were possible in the presence of the mild surfactant, whereas serological assays for hemagglutinin were possible after removal of the reagent. Disruption of myxoviruses with Tween 20 therefore provides a method for the independent study of these antigens during antigenic drift. Images
68 citations
TL;DR: The morphology and sequential development of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, a pathogen of trouts, were studied by electron microscopy and found it to morphologically resemble members of the reovirus group.
Abstract: The morphology and sequential development of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus, a pathogen of trouts, were studied by electron microscopy Mature virions were seen in the cytoplasm of infected cells incubated at 24 C as early as 6 hr after infection These virions were hexagonal in profile and approximately 55 nm in diameter Generally between 8 to 10 hr after infection, virus crystals of various sizes were occasionally observed Although virus replication did not appear to be confined to a particular cytoplasmic locus, mature virions were sometimes seen in association with unidentified tubular structures approximately 45 nm in outside diameter Negative stains of virus revealed unenveloped icosahedra approximately 65 nm in diameter with probably 92 capsomeres Contrary to a previous communication which reported IPN virus to have picornavirus-like morphology, we found it to morphologically resemble members of the reovirus group
65 citations
TL;DR: The elevated RNase levels of postmitochondrial supernatant fractions obtained from hypophysectomized animals were reduced to normal levels by intraperitoneal injection of bovine growth hormone, and optical density profiles and protein-synthesizing capacity of polysomes obtained from growth hormone-treated hypophy sectomized rats were comparable to those of normal preparations.
61 citations
TL;DR: It has been suggested that quinone adducts of the type described here may be important in biological systems.
61 citations
TL;DR: Seven patients with far advanced rhabdomyosarcoma treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide indicate that this combination of agents may be a valuable adjunct to surgery and/or radiotherapy in treating localized or regional disease.
56 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the influenza virus genome is divided among several distinct pieces of RNA is supported, as judged by persistently high sedimentation rates.
Abstract: Nucleocapsids released from influenza virions by sodium deoxycholate sedimented heterogeneously in sucrose gradients. Highly infectious virus (complete) preparations yielded nucleocapsids with peak distributions at 64 and 56S; von Magnus type virus (incomplete) lacked 64S nucleocapsids. Treatment of influenza virus nucleocapsids with pancreatic ribonuclease rendered the associated viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules acid-soluble, indicating that capsid proteins do not completely surround the viral RNA's. However, the capsid proteins remained associated after enzymatic hydrolysis of the RNA, as judged by persistently high sedimentation rates. Sedimentation rates of viral nucleocapsids reflected the sedimentation rates of the associated RNA's: 64S nucleocapsids contained 18S RNA, whereas 56S nucleocapsids contained 15S RNA, although in both cases RNA's sedimenting at 4 to 13S were also recovered. Furthermore, just as incomplete virions lacked 64S nucleocapsids, they also lacked 18S RNA. These findings support the hypothesis that the influenza virus genome is divided among several distinct pieces of RNA.
55 citations
TL;DR: Electrophoresis of Newcastle disease virus proteins in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate resolved three major components and five minor components, including the viral nucleocapsid protein.
50 citations
TL;DR: This technique has been successfully used to assay phosphodiesterase of bovine brain in the purified as well as the crude stage and results obtained by the titrimetric method correlate well with those obtained by conventional methods.
45 citations
TL;DR: Clostridium perfringes type D was grown in protein-free medium and the ϵ-prototoxin andπ-toxin show complete immunologic identity, suggesting splitting of a basic peptide (s).
39 citations
TL;DR: Nuclei from adult rat brains isolated with isotonic sucrose were incubated with [3H]leucine and later purified by centrifugation through hypertonic sucrose solutions, and it was found that tritiated leucine was incorporated into TCA precipitable material.
Abstract: —
Nuclei from adult rat brains isolated with isotonic sucrose were incubated with [3H]leucine and later purified by centrifugation through hypertonic sucrose solutions. It was found that under these conditions, tritiated leucine was incorporated into TCA precipitable material. Protein synthesis was impaired if the nuclei were treated with the nonionic detergent Triton X-100 or hypertonic sucrose. The presence of puromycin or cycloheximide markedly inhibited the incorporation of the radioactive amino acid. Actinomycin D and RNase did not have any effect on the incorporation. Autoradiography indicated the presence of labelled material within the nuclei and not in cytoplasmic contaminants. Glial nuclei were more actively involved in protein synthesis than neuronal nuclei.
TL;DR: Anemia, intrinsic to leukemia, is proposed as the principal factor responsible for this hypertrophy inasmuch as all possible alternate mechanisms were excluded and since previous clinical as well as experimental animal studies clearly have shown that chronic anemia frequently results in cardiachypertrophy regardless of the etiology of the anemia.
Abstract: One hundred sixteen hearts of children dying with leukemia during the 5-year period of 1962 to 1967 were examined at necropsy. Forty-four per cent of the patients had at least one focus of leukemic infiltration, a slightly higher incidence than previously reported. The evidence suggests that peripheral leukocyte count, type of leukemia, and length of survival are factors that influence cardiac infiltration. Increased survival time due to improved therapy may explain the increase in percentage of hearts with leukemic infiltration. Electrocardiographic patterns, in general, were found, as previously reported, to be nonspecific for leukemic myocardial infiltration. Cardiac hypertrophy of significant degree was found in 33 of 99 hearts evaluated for this aspect. Anemia, intrinsic to leukemia, is proposed as the principal factor responsible for this hypertrophy inasmuch as all possible alternate mechanisms were excluded and since previous clinical as well as experimental animal studies clearly have shown that ...
TL;DR: A case of colistln nephrotoxicity without history of previous renal disease was studied by light and electron microscopy of a renal biopsy specimen obtained 11 days after discontinuation of the drug.
Abstract: A case of colistln nephrotoxicity without history of previous renal disease was studied by light and electron microscopy of a renal biopsy specimen obtained 11 days after discontinuation of the drug The histologic picture showed variation from early acute necrosis to regeneration of the damaged renal epithelium There appeared to be difference of susceptibility among individual tubular epithelial cells to sodium colistinmethanesulfonate in the development of nephrotoxicity Morphological changes were essentially similar in both the proximal and distal tubules Indentation of the nuclear membranes was conspicuous and appeared to be demonstrable earlier than the cytoplasmic alterations ACTA PATH JAP 19: 55˜67, 1969
TL;DR: In infants, a pathogenesis of this tumor may be a reaction of the hepatic vasculature during fetal development or in early infancy, and multiple lesions may regress spontaneously but have not been amenable to therapy.
Abstract: A case of a surgically resected solitary juvenile hemangioendothelioma of the liver is reported. Thirty-two cases with multiple tumors and 4 cases with solitary tumors have been previously described. Only 2 cases with multiple tumors survived. Four of the 5 patients with solitary lesions survived: in these 4 cases, the tumor was surgically resectable. These tumors have occurred in man after injection of Thorotrast, a 20% colloidal solution of thorium dioxide, and in animals after injection of Thorotrast or urethan. In infants, a pathogenesis of this tumor may be a reaction of the hepatic vasculature during fetal development or in early infancy. Solitary lesions can be resected and cured. Multiple lesions may regress spontaneously but have not been amenable to therapy.
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that four proteins were preferentially synthesized and assembled into 50 s subunits early during recovery from chloramphenicol treatment and that considerable variation occurred in the rate of assembly of the various proteins into 50S subunits.
TL;DR: It is concluded that synthesis of DNA polymerase is an “early” function of the parental viral genome and replication of viral DNA is not required to initiate or “switch-off” formation of this early enzyme.
TL;DR: After 15 months of in vitro cultivation and after “spontaneous transformation” from a fibroblastoid to epithelioid morphological appearance, a human Wilms' tumor culture was shown by electron microscopy to contain a small virus that resembles papova viruses.
Abstract: After 15 months of in vitro cultivation and after “spontaneous transformation” from a fibroblastoid to epithelioid morphological appearance, a human Wilms' tumor culture was shown by electron microscopy to contain a small virus. The virus measures 45-50 mμ in diameter, contains an electron-dense nucleoid, and is surrounded by a closely adherent double-membrane. Thus, morphologically, it resembles papova viruses. Attempts to establish in vitro and in vivo activity of the virus, thus far, have been unsuccessful. Viral replication has been demonstrated only by electron microscopy in the cultivated cells where virus was first detected. Attempts are continuing to establish a biological assay for the virus and to recover similar agents from other Wilms' tumors.
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: Although this conclusion was reached over thirty years ago, propagation of a virus from R. pipiens capable of inducing renal tumors has not been achieved.
Abstract: The presence of intranuclear acidophilic inclusion bodies and an increased incidence of tumors in frogs receiving cell-free tumor extracts led Lucke (1, 2) to postulate a viral etiology of the renal adenocarcinoma of Rana pipiens (Lucke tumor). Although this conclusion was reached over thirty years ago, propagation of a virus from R. pipiens capable of inducing renal tumors has not been achieved.
TL;DR: Phage DNA synthesis was dependent on K(+) irrespective of the requirement for this cation in protein synthesis, and host DNA and messenger RNA synthesis were not inhibited in cells infected in the absence of K(+).
Abstract: A mutant of Bacillus subtilis 168 (strain 168 KW), defective in its ability to concentrate K(+) from low levels in the growth medium, was used to study the role of K(+) in the development of phage 2C. Both the final burst size and the duration of the rise period depended on the K(+) concentration in the medium. During normal infection (in the presence of K(+)), host deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis stopped. The synthesis of host messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) continued throughout infection, albeit at a steadily decreasing rate. The synthesis of ribosomal RNA and its subsequent incorporation into mature ribosomes also proceeded. In contrast to these findings, host DNA and messenger RNA synthesis were not inhibited in cells infected in the absence of K(+). Only "early" phage messenger RNA was synthesized under these conditions of infection. Phage DNA synthesis was dependent on K(+) irrespective of the requirement for this cation in protein synthesis.
TL;DR: This investigation suggests that liver ribosomes from normal and hypophysectomized rats are operationally identical.
TL;DR: Procarbazine is an effective agent in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease in childhood and its therapeutic and toxic effects were assessed in 38 children with neoplastic disease resistant to conventional forms of chemotherapy.
TL;DR: Findings support the view that female pheromone suppresses and male pherOMone favors the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and indicate that luteotrophic hormone is secreted at its assigned time in the sequence of cyclic ovarian events initiated by the secretion in pituitary acidophils.
Abstract: Pituitaries of female mice in anestrus resulting from colony housing were characterized by a 58.0-percent (acidophil content. Subsequent exposure to restrained male mice for one and two nights failed to evoke significant acidophilic degranulation and resulted in pituitary acidophil values of 57.4 and 55.1 percent respectively. Exposure to released males on the third night produced marked acidophilic degranulation resulting in a significant decline in pituitary acidophils to 38.0 percent. These findings support the view that female pheromone suppresses and male pheromone favors the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and indicate that luteotrophic hormone is secreted at its assigned time in the sequence of cyclic ovarian events initiated by the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone.