Showing papers by "St. Jude Children's Research Hospital published in 1970"
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of a purified and a crude cyclic 3′,5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase was shown to have higher activity than the summed activities of the individual preparations.
773 citations
TL;DR: When the iodination of intact human erythrocytes was catalyzed by the enzyme lactoperoxidase, only a single stroma protein was iodinated, and this protein component thus appears to be the only protein component exposed on the exterior of the human ERYthrocyte surface.
334 citations
TL;DR: The evidence indicates that noninfectious virions containing incomplete genomes occur in Sendai virus replication.
92 citations
TL;DR: Stable antigenic hybrids between mammalian and avian strains of influenza A viruses with the hemagglutinin from one parent and the neuraminidase antigen from the other parent can be made to order in the allantois-on-shell system.
91 citations
TL;DR: Prolonged infusion of ara‐C probably offers no advantage over rapid intravenous injections for the induction of remissions in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Abstract: Arabinosyl cytosine (ara-C) was administered by continuous intravenous infusion to children with acute leukemia refractory to conventional chemotherapy. The dosage was 150 mg to 200 mg/M2 of body surface area per 24 hours for 5 days, repeated every 2 weeks. Forty-six children were admitted to this study. Thirty-four had acute lymphocytic leukemia, and 12 had acute myelocytic leukemia. Of the 34 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, one achieved complete hematologic remission, 3 achieved good partial remission, 9 had inadequate trials of the agent, and 21 failed to show any response to this agent. Of the 12 children with acute myelocytic leukemia, 2 had complete remission, one achieved good partial remission, 5 had inadequate trials of the agent, and 4 failed to show any response. Myelosuppression was the limiting toxicity. Prolonged infusion of ara-C probably offers no advantage over rapid intravenous injections for the induction of remissions in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
64 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that intrathecal arabinosyl cytosine has therapeutic activity against meningeal leukemia.
Abstract: Intrathecal arabinosyl cytosine was administered on a twice weekly schedule, in a dosage range of 5 to 70 mg per square meter of body surface area, to 13 children with meningeal leukemia. Eleven children with acute lymphocytic leukemia had been previously treated with intrathecal methotrexate, and 7 had received cranial or craniospinal radiotherapy. Seven of these 11 children responded with relief of symptoms and reduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell count to less than 10 mononuclear cells per mm3 of CSF and less than 2 leukemic cells on one smear of CSF sediment. The median duration of response was 28 days. Vomiting occurred in 5 children after treatment, headache in 2, and fever in one. Neither leukopenia nor other systemic toxicity was observed. It is concluded that intrathecal arabinosyl cytosine has therapeutic activity against meningeal leukemia.
63 citations
TL;DR: Incomplete virions did not invariably arise when plaque-purified clones of Sendai virus were passaged repeatedly at high multiplicities, indicating that the RNAs in incomplete virions were the biologically active components.
53 citations
TL;DR: Prolongation of l -asparaginase therapy beyond 2 weeks is not indicated because of promptness of response by sensitive cells and potential toxicity of the agent.
52 citations
TL;DR: The evidence suggests that the neuraminidase contains at least two polypeptide chains with a molecular weight of approximately 58,000 that cannot be resolved by exclusion chromatography, suggesting that the antigenic determinants were not composed of adjacent amino acids on a single polypeptic chain.
39 citations
TL;DR: Using the clinical stage as a guide, a treatment plan is presented integrating surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with dactinomycin and vincristine and early results with this treatment protocol appear favorable.
Abstract: Experience with 50 cases of Wilms' tumor at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital has demonstrated that the most important factor determining the prognosis is the stage of disease at the time of diagnosis and initial treatment. A method of clinical and pathologic staging that has proved to be practical and useful in developing an effective plan of management is presented: Stage I—Tumor confined to kidney; Stage II—Tumor confined to renal fossa; Stage III—Tumor confined to abdomen; Stage IV—Metastatic tumor outside abdomen. By applying the above staging to 32 cases of Wilms' tumor seen prior to 1967, 2-year disease-free survival figures ranged from 11/11 for Stage I, 3/7 for Stage II, 2/12 for Stage III, and 0/2 for Stage IV. Nephrectomy followed by radiation therapy and short-term chemotherapy with dactinomycin and vincristine has proved to be effective in controlling Stage I tumors, but not the more advanced stages of the disease. Using the clinical stage as a guide, a treatment plan is presented integrating surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with dactinomycin and vincristine. The more advanced disease is now being treated with larger radiation ports and long-term chemotherapy. Early results with this treatment protocol at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital appear favorable.
38 citations
TL;DR: Paramyxoviruses contain single-stranded RNAs sedimenting at 50–57S1–3, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Sendai virus have been shown to induce infected cells to synthesize single-strate RNAs which sediment more slowly than virion RNAs and are complementary to them in nucleotide sequences4–6.
Abstract: PARAMYXOVIRIONS contain single-stranded RNAs sedimenting at 50–57S1–3, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Sendai virus have been shown to induce infected cells to synthesize single-stranded RNAs which sediment more slowly than virion RNAs and are complementary to them in nucleotide sequences4–6. Interest in these complementary RNAs derives from the possibility that they are templates for viral proteins. For some RNA viruses it is clear that the viral genome is the message7–10; but for paramyxoviruses, the genome may contain little or no genetic information that can be translated directly. Paramyxoviruses do not seem to be unique: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) directs the synthesis of RNAs smaller than virion RNA and complementary to it11,12.
TL;DR: Results indicate that yields of PCDV and rate of replication are regulated by the host cell, but the permissive temperature zone is controlled by viral genes.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the level of ribonucleic acid synthesis does not influence the distribution of ribosomes in the polysome profile and vice versa.
Abstract: The influence of amino acid starvation on polysome content was examined in relaxed and stringent strains of Escherichia coli which were isogenic for the RC locus. No difference was observed between the polysome profiles obtained from two different sets of stringent and relaxed strains starved for the same amino acid. In both relaxed and stringent strains, starvation for amino acids other than methionine resulted in only a slight breakdown of polysomes with a concomitant increase of 70S ribosomes. However, starvation for methionine in both RC stringent and relaxed strains of E. coli resulted in a more extensive degradation of polysomes and accumulation of 70S ribosomes. The 70S ribosomes obtained as a result of methionine starvation were more sensitive to degradation to 50 and 30S subunits in 10(-3)m Mg(2+) than 70S monomers obtained either by degradation of polysomes with ribonuclease or by starvation of cells for amino acids other than methionine. The 70S ribosomes from methionine starvation were similar (sensitivity to 10(-3)m Mg(2+)) to 70S ribosomes obtained from cells in which initiation of protein synthesis had been prevented by trimethoprim, an inhibitor of formylation. Since N-formyl-methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid is required for initiation, the 70S ribosomes obtained in both methionine-starved and trimethoprim-treated cells must result from association of 50 and 30S subunits for reasons other than reinitiation. These results suggest that the level of ribonucleic acid synthesis does not influence the distribution of ribosomes in the polysome profile and vice versa.
TL;DR: Results suggest the presence of two sites in the protein synthesizing system of RBM, both soluble and insoluble proteins isolated from RBM labeled in vitro have been found to be labeled.
TL;DR: These experiments indicate that depending on the incubation temperature, several virus-specific functions involved in some event(s) before initiation of viral DNA synthesis and in initiation, replication, and encapsidation of viralDNA are thermosensitive.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the half-life times of individual 50 s ribosomal proteins with a doubling time of 120 minutes in exponentially growing Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: Changes in aspartyl-tRNA's similar to those observed following growth hormone administration in hypophysectomized animals were found to occur in regenerating liver when compared to normal animals, interpreted as an indication that the changes in as Partic acid were due to growth initiation rather than growth hormone Administration per se.
TL;DR: An extract of bovine brain exhibits a binding site specific for cyclic AMP and was found to be most efficient around pH 6.5 in all the brain areas examined as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Observations indicate that sister kinetochores may be continuous during early stages of their formation in chromosomes blocked in division with vincristine sulphate or colchicine.
Abstract: SUMMARY The ultrastructure of chromosomes from tissue culture cells blocked in division with vincristine sulphate or colchicine was examined. Kinetochores had a distinctive morphology consisting of trilaminar dense plates closely applied to the chromosomes. In longitudinal sections, kinetochores appeared as separate plates attached to opposite sides of the chromosomes. In transverse sections of some prometaphase chromosomes, however, the kinetochore resembled an incomplete ring-like structure encircling the chromatid pair. These observations indicate that sister kinetochores may be continuous during early stages of their formation.
TL;DR: Almost 20% of the ribosomes appear to have central or eccentric electron opacities which may represent the cleft between subunits, and these may represent a “channel” through the large subunit.
TL;DR: The requirement for protein synthesis after infection in turning off the production of host RNA is confirmed and may be labile, or its formation and accumulation may be regulated.
TL;DR: Frog PCDV DNA was estimated from its melting profile to contain 54–55% G + C and the molecular weight was confirmed to be about 130 × 106 daltons from its sedimentation behavior in neutral sucrose and by contour length measurements.
Abstract: SummaryFrog PCDV DNA was estimated from its melting profile to contain 54–55% G + C. The molecular weight of PCDV DNA was confirmed to be about 130 × 106 daltons from its sedimentation behavior in neutral sucrose and by contour length measurements. The mean content of DNA per PCDV virion in two preparations of purified virus was 1.86 × 10-16 g (112 × 106 daltons) and 2.56 × 10-16 g (154 × 106 daltons). Data suggest that PCDV virions contain a single linear double-stranded molecule of DNA.
TL;DR: During recovery of Escherichia coli from methionine starvation, preferential synthesis of ribosomal protein—over soluble protein—occurs and marked variation occurs among the rates of synthesis of individual 50 s Ribosomal proteins.
TL;DR: It is, therefore, improbable that RLV RNA resides in a subviral structure which resembles nucleocapsids isolated from nononcogenic enveloped RNA viruses.
Abstract: SummaryWhen purified Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV) was treated with sodium deoxycholate (DOC), an RNA-containing structure was released. This structure sedimented at the same rate as free viral RNA, displayed the same sedimentation heterogeneity, had little, if any, protein associated with it, and was solubilized by ribonuclease. It is, therefore, improbable that RLV RNA resides in a subviral structure which resembles nucleocapsids isolated from nononcogenic enveloped RNA viruses.