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Institution

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

HealthcareMemphis, Tennessee, United States
About: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Virus. The organization has 9344 authors who have published 19233 publications receiving 1233399 citations. The organization is also known as: St. Jude Children's Hospital & St. Jude Hospital.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that the residual activity associated with the purified enzyme was due to an incomplete removal of the activator from the enzyme.

501 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present “white paper” catalogs the recommendations of the meeting, at which a consensus was reached that incorporation of molecular information into the next WHO classification of central nervous system tumors should follow a set of provided “ISN‐Haarlem” guidelines.
Abstract: Major discoveries in the biology of nervous system tumors have raised the question of how non-histological data such as molecular information can be incorporated into the next World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors. To address this question, a meeting of neuropathologists with expertise in molecular diagnosis was held in Haarlem, the Netherlands, under the sponsorship of the International Society of Neuropathology (ISN). Prior to the meeting, participants solicited input from clinical colleagues in diverse neuro-oncological specialties. The present "white paper" catalogs the recommendations of the meeting, at which a consensus was reached that incorporation of molecular information into the next WHO classification should follow a set of provided "ISN-Haarlem" guidelines. Salient recommendations include that (i) diagnostic entities should be defined as narrowly as possible to optimize interobserver reproducibility, clinicopathological predictions and therapeutic planning; (ii) diagnoses should be "layered" with histologic classification, WHO grade and molecular information listed below an "integrated diagnosis"; (iii) determinations should be made for each tumor entity as to whether molecular information is required, suggested or not needed for its definition; (iv) some pediatric entities should be separated from their adult counterparts; (v) input for guiding decisions regarding tumor classification should be solicited from experts in complementary disciplines of neuro-oncology; and (iv) entity-specific molecular testing and reporting formats should be followed in diagnostic reports. It is hoped that these guidelines will facilitate the forthcoming update of the fourth edition of the WHO classification of central nervous system tumors.

498 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 Jun 2017-Cell
TL;DR: It is reported that blocking de novo DNA methylation in activated CD8 T cells allows them to retain their effector functions despite chronic stimulation during a persistent viral infection.

497 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the protein kinase, Atm, which belongs to a family of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases that regulate cell cycle checkpoints and DNA recombination and repair, phosphorylates Smc1 protein after ionizing irradiation.
Abstract: Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) proteins play important roles in sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome condensation, sex-chromosome dosage compensation, and DNA recombination and repair. Protein complexes containing heterodimers of the Smc1 and Smc3 proteins have been implicated specifically in both sister chromatid cohesion and DNA recombination. Here, we show that the protein kinase, Atm, which belongs to a family of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases that regulate cell cycle checkpoints and DNA recombination and repair, phosphorylates Smc1 protein after ionizing irradiation. Atm phosphorylates Smc1 on serines 957 and 966 in vitro and in vivo, and expression of an Smc1 protein mutated at these phosphorylation sites abrogates the ionizing irradiation-induced S phase cell cycle checkpoint. Optimal phosphorylation of these sites in Smc1 after ionizing irradiation also requires the presence of the Atm substrates Nbs1 and Brca1. These same sites in Smc1 are phosphorylated after treatment with UV irradiation or hydroxyurea in an Atm-independent manner, thus demonstrating that another kinase must be involved in responses to these cellular stresses. Yeast containing hypomorphic mutations in SMC1 and human cells overexpressing Smc1 mutated at both of these phosphorylation sites exhibit decreased survival following ionizing irradiation. These results demonstrate that Smc1 participates in cellular responses to DNA damage and link Smc1 to the Atm signal transduction pathway.

497 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Reelin is a secreted glycoprotein and that a highly charged C-terminal region is essential for secretion and that an amino acid sequence present in the N- terminal region of Reelin contains an epitope that is recognized by the CR-50 monoclonal antibody.
Abstract: The neurological mouse mutant strain reeler displays abnormal laminar organization of several brain structures as a consequence of a defect in cell migration during neurodevelopment. This phenotype is a result of the disruption of reelin , a gene encoding a protein that has several structural characteristics of extracellular matrix proteins. To understand the molecular basis of the action of Reelin on neuronal migration, we constructed a full-length reelin clone and used it to direct Reelin expression. Here, we demonstrate that Reelin is a secreted glycoprotein and that a highly charged C-terminal region is essential for secretion. In addition, we demonstrate that an amino acid sequence present in the N-terminal region of Reelin contains an epitope that is recognized by the CR-50 monoclonal antibody. CR-50 was raised against an antigen expressed in normal mouse brain that is absent in reeler mice. The interaction of CR-50 with its epitope leads to the disruption of neural cell aggregation in vitro . Here, we used CR-50 to precipitate Reelin from reticulocyte extracts programmed with reelin mRNA, from cells transfected with reelin clones, and from cerebellar explants. The reelin gene product seems to function as an instructive signal in the regulation of neuronal migration.

496 citations


Authors

Showing all 9410 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Richard A. Flavell2311328205119
David Baltimore203876162955
John C. Reed190891164382
Joan Massagué189408149951
Stuart H. Orkin186715112182
Douglas R. Green182661145944
Richard K. Wilson173463260000
Todd R. Golub164422201457
Robert G. Webster15884390776
Elaine R. Mardis156485226700
David Cella1561258106402
Rafi Ahmed14663393190
Ching-Hon Pui14580572146
Yoshihiro Kawaoka13988375087
Seth M. Steinberg13793680148
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202333
2022108
20211,277
20201,136
2019965
2018877