Showing papers by "State University of Campinas published in 1988"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the theory and applications of photoacoustic and related methods belonging to the general area of photothermal measurement techniques, including spectroscopic applications such as infrared and microwave spectroscopies, monitoring of non-radiative deexcitation processes, biological applications, and measurements of thermal properties.
392 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: A myotoxin, bothropstoxin (BthTX), showing no detectable phospholipase A2 activity, was purified to homogeneity from the venom of the Brazilian snake Bothrops jararacussu by a combination of gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-SephadeX C-25.
Abstract: A myotoxin, bothropstoxin (BthTX), showing no detectable phospholipase A2 activity, was purified to homogeneity from the venom of the Brazilian snake Bothrops jararacussu by a combination of gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex C-25. Four phospholipases (SIII-SPI to SIII-SPIV) were also isolated, the latter showing, similarly to BthTX (SIII-SPV) myonecrotic activity. Approximate mol. wts, as determined by SDS-PAGE, and pI of SIII-SPI to SIII-SPIV are: 22,400−4.2; 15,500−4.8; 13,800−6.9; and 13,200−7.7, respectively. BthTX is a single chain protein, approximate mol. wt 13,000, with 16 half-cystine residues, pI = 8.2 and LD50 = 7.5 mg/kg (i.p.) and 4.8 mg/kg (i.v.) for 20 g mice. The ten first N-terminal amino acid residues show a significant homology to other toxins with phospholipase structure. BthTX is specifically myotoxic, contrary to crude B. jararacussu venom which, although also myotoxic, affects intramuscular arteries and veins leading to thrombosis. BthTX and SIII-SPIV also differ from toxins isolated from the venom of other Brazilian snakes which are strongly hemorrhagic.
247 citations
TL;DR: One of the territorial calls and the distress call were variable in pulse repetition rate, frequency and duration, and may represent graded territorial and distress com- munication systems.
Abstract: Vocalizations and reproductive behaviour of HylaJaber were studied for five months at Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Advertisement, distress calls, and two types of territorial vocalizations of adult Hyla Jaber are described and figured for the first time. One of the territorial calls and the distress call were variable in pulse repetition rate, frequency and duration, and may represent graded territorial and distress com- munication systems. Hyla Jaber males built nests for egg deposition and defended territories from other males. Males called from inside the nests till a female approached. Males then left the nests and guided the females to them. Females inspected the nests before amplexus occurred. While in amplexus, females renovated the nests. Tadpoles showed gregarious behaviour inside the nest and stayed there until approx- imately stage 25. Parental nest guarding was not observed.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated methodology for VAr sources expansion planning is described, which extends and generalizes a previously proposed two-level hierarchical approach to represent multiple load levels and multiple contingencies, calculate the trade-off between investment cost and supply reliability, and select the most adequate set of candidate nodes for expansion.
Abstract: An integrated methodology for VAr sources expansion planning is described. The methodology extends and generalizes a previously proposed two-level hierarchical approach to represent multiple load levels and multiple contingencies, calculate the trade-off between investment cost and supply reliability, and select the most adequate set of candidate nodes for expansion. Case studies with the IEEE-118 bus system are used to illustrate the capabilities of the approach. >
90 citations
01 Jan 1988
77 citations
TL;DR: The use of the open loop response of the stabilization system is developed for analyzing its performance, which allows closer insight into parameters limiting Its behavior.
Abstract: An active stabilization system for a holographic setup based on detection of phase shift between the interference pattern and a reference hologram is described. Its basic feature is the possibility of operating for 0, π, or ±π/2 at will, always in a null-detection mode. The reference hologram may be a previously recorded permanent hologram or a real-time (even reversible) one. The use of the open loop response of the stabilization system is developed for analyzing its performance, which allows closer insight into parameters limiting its behavior. The effects of different noise sources are analyzed in detail. The real-time effect in a positive resist is successfully employed for operating the stabilization setup for recording an improved grating in this material.
69 citations
TL;DR: The detailed structural and behavioural adaptations enhancing ant-mimicry provide strong circumstantial evidence that the selective agents involved must have good visual acuity, and are probably small insectivorous vertebrates or arthropods which avoid ants.
Abstract: This paper describes the morphological and behavioural adaptations responsible for ant-like appearance in eight species (genera zunigu, Synemosyna, Sphecotypus, and Myrmecium) of salticid and clubionid spiders studied in Amazonian and SE Brazil. All ant-mimicking spiders have body and legs thin, and the shiny integument typical of their models. Light horizontal hair bands and constrictions of the cephalothorax and abdomen simulate, respectively, the head-thorax joint and segmented gaster of ants. The petiole and postpetiole of the ants are usually mimicked by a lengthened pedicel, together with a narrowing of the posterior cephalothorax and/or anterior abdomen. The prominent pedipalps of the spiders often simulate ant mandibles, but they may also be strikingly similar to an ant’s head. All ant-mimicking spiders walked in a zig-zag ant-like pattern, and frequently raised and moved about the first pair of legs as ‘antennae’. The mimics were found in the same microhabitats (foliage or ground) as their models, and displayed strong avoidance reactions toward the latter both in the field and in captivity. The inoffensive characteristics of the mimics and the noxious traits of their models (strong mandibles, potent sting, hard integument, venomous secretions) strongly suggest that the spiders are Batesian ant-mimics. The detailed structural and behavioural adaptations enhancing ant-mimicry provide strong circumstantial evidence that the selective agents involved must have good visual acuity, and are probably small insectivorous vertebrates (e.g. birds, lizards and toads) or arthropods (e.g. wasps and spiders) which avoid ants.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors made qualitative and quantitative collections of ants made in the region of Manaus, Brazil (evergreen tropical humid forest), and in western North Carolina, USA (deciduous temperate/wet forest), were undertaken to investigate.
Abstract: Qualitative and quantitative collections of ants made in the region of Manaus, Brazil (evergreen tropical humid forest), and in western North Carolina, USA (deciduous temperate/wet forest), were undertaken to investigate. latitudinal patterns of ant diversity and community organization on regional and local scales. We have found to date 307 ant species in the Municipality of Manaus. Totals ranging from 134 to 270+ species have been reported in the literature for other tropical regions of less than 10,000km2. In contrast, temperate ant surveys generally report only SO to 150 species in similar or larger areas. Sampling at sardine baits set 10m apart on square grids, we found forest ecosystems near Manaus to be much richer and more diverse in ants than those sampled in North Carolina: 28 species vs. 5-10 species in 50 collections and 16 vs. 3 previously unrecorded species discovered with each doubling of sample size. Room's (1975a) results from climatically simllar Papua New Guinea forest agree closely with those from Manaus. We suggest that one important factor contributing to the increased diversity of tropical, omnivorous ants may be greater variety of nest sites available for specialization.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of light, air, nitrogen, benzoyl peroxide and ascorbyl palmitate on annatto extracts at 24 ± 1°C were investigated.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the morphologie et structure of amidons de manioc and of mais avant et apres hydrolyse enzymatique (amylase avec ou sans amyloglucosidase) are discussed.
Abstract: Etude rheologique, par diffraction RX, par microscopie electronique a balayage et par microscopie en lumiere polarisante, de la morphologie et de la structure d'amidons de manioc et de mais avant et apres hydrolyse enzymatique (amylase avec ou sans amyloglucosidase). On met en evidence, pour les deux types d'amidons, une alteration a la surface des granules, consecutive a l'action des enzymes
51 citations
TL;DR: Analisa-se a producao antropologica referente as praticas, habitos e concepcoes de consumo alimentar de segmentos de trabalhadores rurais e urbanos.
Abstract: Analisa-se a producao antropologica referente as praticas, habitos e concepcoes de consumo alimentar de segmentos de trabalhadores rurais e urbanos. Dimensiona-se e critica-se a abordagem antropologica contida nos diferentes estudos, apontando caminhos a serem perseguidos por novas pesquisas, de maneira que a area de nutricao, alimentacao e saude nao deixe de prescindir das contribuicoes antropologicas.
TL;DR: In this article, a new method for the rapid preparation of methyl esters from vegetable oils and fats, using tetramethylguanidine as catalyst, has been developed, which is simpler, cheaper and does not result in isomerization of the fatty acids.
Abstract: A new method for the rapid preparation of methyl esters from vegetable oils and fats, using tetramethylguanidine as catalyst, has been developed. This method is compared with the traditional method (Ce 2–66, using 20% BF3 in methanol) and that proposed by Hartman and Lago (using NH4Cl/H2SO4 in methanol). It is shown that the new method produces the methyl esters in quantitative yields and has certain advantages, as it is simpler, cheaper and does not result in isomerization of the fatty acids.
01 Dec 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the ages of the igneous bodies are not perfectly known, but it can be stated that some sedimentary basins accomodated prominent part of the geologic record from the igniferous activity.
Abstract: Since the Jurassic, the area of Northeastern Brazil was affected by several magmatic events, both intrusive and effusive ones. The ages of the igneous bodies are not perfectly known, but it can be stated that some sedimentary basins accomodated prominent part of the geologic record from the igneous activity. The area north to the 8°S parallel was more intenselly affected, comprising deposits in the Parnaiba, Potiguar, and Lavras da Mangabeira basins. The occurrences are relatively scattered on Precambrian areas, restricted to zones very far from the Sao Francisco Craton. There are three main age groups. The Jure-Cretaceous bodies (pre-Aptian) are composed of tholeiitic basalts normally without olivine. The Albian and Tertiary ones usually exhibit modal olivine and alkaline composition. It seems that a quiet phase occurred comprising the Neocretaceous and the Paleocen. Based on aeromagnetic and geologic maps at a regional scale,it has been possible to show that some areas were strongly affected by igneous activity. Part of them can be followed along hundreds of kilometers, in a shape of igneous allignements. The most expressive are the Rio Ceara-Mirim, the Mecejana-Fernando de Noronha, both trending E-W, and Macau-Queimadas, trending NNW. The former is related to Neocomian, and the others belong to the Tertiary. There are no Quaternary igneous activity in the continental area, but some oceanic islands were evolved until the end of the tertiary.
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply computational geometry techniques to obtain efficient algorithms for several instances of a point set pattern matching problem in the context of high dimensional Euclidean space for which no polynomial time algorithms were previously known.
Abstract: In this dissertation, we apply computational geometry techniques to obtain efficient algorithms for several instances of a point set pattern matching problem. The problem is studied in the context of high dimensional Euclidean space for which no polynomial time algorithms were previously known. The problem can be expressed as follows: given a set $S$ of $n$ points and a set $P$ of $k$ points in the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space, determine whether $P$ matches any $k$-subset of $S$. The notion of match is defined in a rather general setting. Namely, the set $P$ is allowed to undergo translation, rotation, reflection, global scaling and local perturbation. To overcome the lack of a total order for points in high dimensional spaces, a crucial mechanism is developed to enable us to traverse the sets in an orderly fashion. We devise what we call the circular sorting of a set of points as a generalization of sorting in the real line. An optimal algorithm (in time and space) is described for circular sorting in arbitrary dimensions. Efficient algorithms of time complexity exponential in the dimension of the space are presented for solving the point set pattern matching problem.
TL;DR: In this paper, photoluminescence, Raman scattering and x-ray diffraction performed on CdSe polycrystalline films deposited on titanium substrates by two different methods: chemical deposition and electroplating.
Abstract: We report studies of photoluminescence, Raman scattering and x-ray diffraction performed on CdSe polycrystalline films deposited on titanium substrates by two different methods: chemical deposition and electroplating. We discuss the changes observed in these films as they are subjected to heat treatments. The differences observed in the energy gap of both types of film and their evolution as a function of annealing temperature are tentatively explained in terms of quantum confinement produced by the small grain size of the films.
TL;DR: The phase-space trajectories are affected differently by each of the three unstable points, and by adjustment of the control parameters they can be characterized by the dominant role of only one, or a pair of them.
Abstract: The dynamic behavior of a single-mode CO2 laser with feedback is characterized by global features in the phase space, related to the presence of three coexisting unstable fixed points. As a control parameter is monotonically increased, one can observe transitions from a Hopf bifurcation to a local chaos and eventually to regular spiking and Shil’nikov chaos. Furthermore, one can find evidence of competition among these different kinds of instability.1 The phase-space trajectories are affected differently by each of the three unstable points, and by adjustment of the control parameters they can be characterized by the dominant role of only one, or a pair of them.
TL;DR: Two cases of basosquamous cell carcinoma of the skin with lymph node, lung and bone metastases are reported, which further support the existence of basoquamouscell carcinoma and emphasize its metastatic potential.
Abstract: Two cases of basosquamous cell carcinoma of the skin with lymph node, lung and bone metastases are reported. Metastases occurred 4 and 7 years after identification of the primary tumour. Both the primary and metastatic lesions had areas of typical basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and also intermediate carcinomatous tissue. In the bone metastasis of one case there were rudimentary hair follicles and areas of matrical differentiation. These cases further support the existence of basosquamous cell carcinoma and emphasize its metastatic potential.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the performance of different lipases for soybean oil by different enzymes and found that the combined enzyme systems (lipases (G+N and lipases G+D) hydrolyzed the oil to an extent of 95-98% after 10-hour reaction.
Abstract: The hydrolysis of soybean oil by different lipases was compared, and the results demonstrated that lipases D, N and G hydrolyzed the oil to 44, 42 and 7.2%, respectively, after 10 hr reaction, which represents incomplete hydrolysis. But the combined enzyme systems (lipases (G+N and lipases G+D) hydrolyzed the oil to an extent of 95–98% after 10 hr reaction. Plotting the percentage hydrolysis of soybean oil by combined enzyme systems against the logarithm of the reaction time resulted in essentially straight lines.
TL;DR: The presence of iso-osmotic solutions of NaCl and mannitol during the germination of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp inhibited the growth of seedlings to a similar degree, suggesting that the salt effect is mainly osmotic.
TL;DR: The data definitely rule out the requirement for Ca2+ cycling across the membrane in this mechanism, and suggest that the effect of the cation is mediated by internal binding sites.
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TL;DR: The current Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method is found to be inappropriate because the volume of extracting solvent is not adjusted to the type of sample.
Abstract: Determination of provitamin A content by open column chromatography/visible absorption spectrophotometry is assessed using food samples of varying carotenoid composition. A general method consisting of extraction with acetone, transfer to petroleum ether, saponification (optional), concentration, separation on activated MgO:Hyflo Supercel column developed with 1 to 15% acetone in petroleum ether, and quantitation of individual provitamins spectrophotometrically demonstrates repeatability comparable with that of high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods. Overnight saponification (10% methanolic KOH, ambient temperature) does not degrade the provitamins and is unnecessary for kale, tomato, and squash; however, it is required for good separation of papaya carotenoids due to the presence of carotenol esters. The current Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method is found to be inappropriate because (1) the volume of extracting solvent is not adjusted to the type of sample; (2) the less active alpha- and gamma-carotene, alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin, and 5,6-monoepoxy-beta-cryptoxanthin (50% active) are quantified as beta-carotene (100% active); (3) inactive carotenoids such as xi-carotene and zeinoxanthin are also quantified as beta-carotene.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the primary decomposition of divisorial ideals in Mori domains and proved that every d-irreducible ideal is of the form (a) :b and has a unique maximal associated prime.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of repeated footshock stress on the chronotropic responsiveness of the isolated right atria were studied, and it was concluded that repeated foot-shock stress acts primarily to increase the pacemaker beta-2 adrenoceptors, thus causing supersensitivity to isoproterenol, epinephrine and salbutamol.
Abstract: The effects of repeated footshock stress on the chronotropic responsiveness of the isolated right atria were studied. Repeated footshock stress was found to produce supersensitivity to isoproterenol and epinephrine (increase of 4.6- and 1.99-fold at pD2 level, respectively), but not to norepinephrine. Experiments using salbutamol, in the presence of an effective blocking concentration of metoprolol, showed that footshock stress increases the sensitivity (2.69-fold at pD2 level) to the selective beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist. Footshock stress had no effect on the atrial sensitivity to theophylline (1.09-fold at pD2 level). Addition of butoxamine (1 microM) suppressed footshock-induced pacemaker supersensitivity to isoproterenol and epinephrine. Footshock stress causes a small (3.23-fold) but pharmacologically unimportant increase in pacemaker pA2 value of metoprolol. However, footshock stress induces a large increase in the pacemaker beta-2 adrenoceptor affinity for butoxamine (11.48-fold, pA2 value). It is concluded that repeated footshock stress acts primarily to increase the chronotropic function of pacemaker beta-2 adrenoceptors, thus causing supersensitivity to isoproterenol, epinephrine and salbutamol.
TL;DR: It is concluded that adrenal corticosteroids, at least partially, mediate the swimming stress-induced subsensitivity of the isolated rat pacemaker to noradrenaline and isoprenaline.
Abstract: 1. Repeated swimming stress (three daily sessions) resulted in an increased plasma corticosterone level and subsensitivity of the isolated rat pacemaker to noradrenaline and isoprenaline. 2. Repeated swimming stress was found to decrease the affinity of beta 1-adrenoreceptors for metoprolol. 3. Bilateral adrenalectomy performed 2 days before repeated swimming stress abolished the development of pacemaker subsensitivity to noradrenaline and isoprenaline and the decrease in beta 1-adrenoreceptors affinity for metoprolol. 4. It is concluded that adrenal corticosteroids, at least partially, mediate the swimming stress-induced subsensitivity of the isolated rat pacemaker to noradrenaline and isoprenaline.
TL;DR: The authors present their experience in detecting volume and echostructure alterations of the ovary in 14 525 women examined echographically and clinically, and observed that spontaneous resolution was higher in small‐diameter tumors, avoiding unnecessary surgery.
TL;DR: In this article, the results of room temperature Raman scattering experiments on a series of In0.12Ga0.88As/GaAs strained-layer superlattices were reported.
TL;DR: Recent analytical and conceptual developments in multivariate statistics and morphometrics are reviewed, including a modification of principal components analysis, the shear, and the truss networks, a geometric protocol for the generation of variables for statistical analyses.
Abstract: Recent analytical and conceptual developments in multivariate statistics and morphometrics are reviewed. These developments include a modification of principal components analysis, the shear, and the truss networks, a geometric protocol for the generation of variables for statistical analyses. The implications of these techniques for studies of organismal evolution are discussed.
TL;DR: Progeria can be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait because four other individuals with progeria were born in another consanguineous sibship in the same family.
Abstract: We have studied a boy with progeria (Hutchinson Gilford) born to third cousins. Four other individuals with progeria were born in another consanguineous sibship in the same family. Thus, this disorder can be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of spatially dependent screening is taken into account with an r-dependent dielectric response to evaluate the binding energies of shallow hydrogenic impurity states in GaAs-$
Abstract: The effect of spatially dependent screening is taken into account with an r-dependent dielectric response to evaluate the binding energies of shallow hydrogenic impurity states in GaAs-${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathrm{x}}$As quantum wells. A variational calculation, in the effective-mass approximation, was performed as a function of the position of the impurity in a quantum well of finite depth and for various well thicknesses. It is shown that spatially dependent screening effects can be quite important for acceptors in a GaAs-${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathrm{x}}$As quantum well due to the relatively small effective Bohr radius (\ensuremath{\sim}22 A\r{}) of the hole. The binding energies of on-edge impurities are shown to increase, for sufficiently large well thicknesses, when the barrier potential (or the Al concentration) decreases, a behavior which contrasts with results previously reported in the literature.