Showing papers by "State University of Campinas published in 1991"
TL;DR: The evolution of the concepts and practice of occupational medicine, occupational health and workers' health is tentatively reviewed.
Abstract: Ensaio de revisao sobre a evolucao dos conceitos e praticas da medicina do trabalho a saude do trabalhador, passando pela saude ocupacional. Busca-se responder as seguintes questoes: quais as caracteristicas basicas da medicina do trabalho (na sua origem e na sua evolucao); como e por que evoluiu a medicina do trabalho para a saude ocupacional; por que o modelo da saude ocupacional se mostrou insuficiente; em que contexto surge a saude do trabalhador; quais as principais caracteristicas da saude do trabalhador.
245 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest the involvement of deleterious reactive oxygen species formed at particular mitochondrial sites from transition metal ions and delta-aminolevulinic acid-generated peroxide and/or superoxide species in the pathophysiology of acute intermittent porphyria patients.
153 citations
TL;DR: The authors analyse the current cesarean section situation in Brazil, which has reached extremely high levels of incidence, higher than any other country, and interventions and attitude changes are proposed at several levels to reverse this increasing tendency.
Abstract: The authors analyse the current cesarean section situation in Brazil. In the last decade it has reached extremely high levels of incidence, higher than any other country. Social-economic and regional differences are established through the available national data on the cesarean section incidence. There is a higher incidence on wealthier regions and women. The factors influencing this high incidence, including socio-cultural, obstetric care organization, legal and institutional ones are also considered. Special attention is given to the problem of female surgical sterilization which is forbidden in the country and is performed through inadequate indication of a cesarean section. Consequences for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, the effects on population fertility and extra public expenses are considered. Interventions and attitude changes are proposed at several levels to reverse this increasing tendency of cesarean section incidence in the country.
148 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results suggest that probes with this resolution have not helped clinical examination in the evaluation of the axilla and even the simultaneous use of both methods may fail in one-third of the cases with lymph node metastases.
Abstract: To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound regarding the axilla using a 3.5 mHz linear probe, a retrospective study was conducted including 115 cases of breast cancer. The clinical examination was more sensitive than echography (68% vs 56%), but not significantly. The ultrasound presented a higher specificity (89% vs 68% P less than 0.05). The positive predictive values were 82% and 92% for clinical examination and ultrasound respectively and the negative predictive values were 50% and 49%. The total accuracy was 68% for the clinical examination and 67% for the echography (NS). Breaking the data into two groups, those with up to three nodes involved and those with four or more, the analysis showed that either the sensitivity of the clinical examination in the second group or the specificity of the ultrasound in both groups, was significantly higher (P less than 0.05). Nevertheless there was no difference in the total accuracy between the two methods in either group. The results suggest that probes with this resolution have not helped clinical examination in the evaluation of the axilla and even the simultaneous use of both methods may fail in one-third of the cases with lymph node metastases.
148 citations
TL;DR: Significantly more latex-bearing species belong to tropical than either to temperate or to widespread taxa, both in absolute and in relative terms.
Abstract: Latex is a widespread defence in plants against natural enemies and a literature-based summary of latex-producing angiosperms shows records in 40 families, and more than 20,000 species are estimated to bear laticiferous structures of some kind. This is considerably higher than the usually quoted figure of 12,500 species. There are more tropical than temperate latex-bearing families, both in absolute numbers and proportionally. Proportions of latex-bearing families are similar both in tropical and in more widespread or cosmopolitan families. Significantly more latex-bearing species belong to tropical than either to temperate or to widespread taxa, both in absolute and in relative terms. These differences may be related to the higher diversity of natural enemy species and to higher rates of herbivory in the tropics.
145 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of faeces produced by captured bats revealed that there is a significant difference in diet between the two species, allowing the food specialization that may be an important mechanism of resource partitioning between C. perspicillata and S. lilium.
Abstract: Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium are two species of abundant and widely distributed phyllostomid bats. Both are frugivorous and frequently found coexisting in the same areas. A study on feeding habits and morphology of C. perspicillata and S. lilium was con- ducted at Serra dojapi, SMo Paulo, south-eastern Brazil, investigating the mechanisms associated with their coexistence. The two species are fairly similar in morphology and feeding habits. Analysis of faeces produced by captured bats revealed that there is a significant difference in diet between the two species. C. perspicillata tends to specialize in fruits of the genus Piper and S. lilium specializes in Solanum fruits. The fruiting periods of the four species of Piper eaten by bats at the study site are successive, with little overlap and high productivity. The species of Solanum have long and overlapping fruiting periods, with very low productivity. Piper and Solanum provide food resources almost all year, allowing the food specialization that may be an important mechanism of resource partitioning between C. perspicillata and S. lilium.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to solve the problem of the lack of a suitable solution to the problem: обобще нные числа, интегрирование, влож енiεD′(Ω)⊂G (Ω), введенной Ж. Коло мбо.
Abstract: Цель работы—получит ь внутреннее определ ение алгебрыG (Ω), введенной Ж. Ф. Коло мбо. Пользуясь этим опред елением, мы строим тео рию по обычной схеме: обобще нные числа, интегрирование, влож ениеD′(Ω)⊂G(Ω), ассоциа тивные процессы, композиция обобщенных отображений, обобщен ные функции на многоо бразиях и определение некотор ой подалгебры в алгебреG(Ω), которая, с одной стороны, удобн а для работы, а с другой — дос таточна в различных приложени ях.
97 citations
97 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the AC supply system harmonic impedance measurements are discussed, on the basis of a given and known switchable shunt impedance and/or nonlinear load and site measurements, three methods are presented.
Abstract: AC supply system harmonic impedance measurements are discussed. On the basis of a given and known switchable shunt impedance and/or nonlinear load and site measurements, three methods are presented. The first approach assumes a no-load distorted busbar and uses basic circuit theory to calculate the required harmonic impedance. The second method disregards any previous busbar distortion and the harmonic injection but it takes into account any busbar distortion prior to the nonlinear load connection. Using a laboratory model and by comparing harmonic impedance results it is shown that both no-load busbar distortions and the correct measurement of harmonic phase angles may strongly affect the accuracy of calculation. >
96 citations
TL;DR: Lignin peroxidases and lyophilized fungal culture were shown to have considerable potential for treating Kraft effluents and immobilized form all the studied systems exhibited an average value around of 30% polymer consumption and very little of depolymerization.
Abstract: Color removal from Kraft effluent by lignin peroxidase and horseradish peroxidase was compared. Free lignin peroxidase and horseradish peroxidase removed color from kraft effluent. Immobilization of lignin peroxidase type III, lyophilized fungal culture and horseradish peroxidase on CNBr-Sepharose 4B improved the decolorization by factor of 2.9, 4.5 and 2.6, respectively in 48 h. Lignin peroxidase type I was effective only in the immobilized form in decolorization. In general, the immobilized form all the studied systems exhibited an average value around of 30% polymer consumption and very little of depolymerization. Lignin peroxidases and lyophilized fungal culture were shown to have considerable potential for treating Kraft effluents.
TL;DR: In this article, a theory of social relations of work is outlined; the literature illustrates that joking relationships have a content that reflects these relations, and the form of joking relationships is then analyzed using Caplow's triad theory.
Abstract: This paper analyzes joking relationships that are targeted at persons or at those affairs which actors interpret as representing persons. A theory of social relations of work is outlined; the literature illustrates that joking relationships have a content that reflects these relations. The form of joking relationships is then analyzed using Caplow's triad theory; this theory allows humor to be seen as a product of power relations and the contesting of these. The theory claims to be able to predict the likelihood of joking relationships between actors of various degrees of power, and the consequences of these, conservative, revolutionary, or improper for the organization. Jokes are analyzed in terms of the theory. Humor analysis can, in a complementary reasoning, be seen as a methodological tool that helps unmask organizational power relations. A number of reflections are drawn about humor in organizations subject to post-industrial change. Humor has no essence; it is inserted into the dynamics of social l...
TL;DR: In this paper, a screening of 51 ligninolytic strains of fungi to examine their ability to decolorized phenolic industrial effluent was carried out, and the selection showed thatLentinus edodes (UEC-2019) strain removed 73% of colour in 5 days, without any additional carbon sources.
Abstract: A screening of 51 ligninolytic strains of fungi to examine their ability to decolorized phenolic industrial effluent was carried out. The selection showed thatLentinus edodes (UEC-2019) strain removed 73% of colour in 5 days, without any additional carbon sources. Under these conditions,L. edodes was more efficient than the knownPhanerochaete chrysosporium (BKM-F-1767) strain (e.g. COD reductions were 60% and 26%, respectively).
TL;DR: In this article, the dyadic Green's functions of the electric type are obtained for a medium consisting of three cylindrical dielectric layers concentric with a perfectly conducting cylinder, and integral equations are developed for the evaluation of the electromagnetic fields.
Abstract: The use of dyadic Green's functions and the moment method is explored for the solution of microstrip antenna problems on circular cylindrical substrates. The dyadic Green's functions of the electric type are obtained for a medium consisting of three cylindrical dielectric layers concentric with a perfectly conducting cylinder, and integral equations are developed for the evaluation of the electromagnetic fields. The effect of a dielectric overlay on the resonant frequency of a cylindrical-rectangular microstrip antenna is analyzed. The patch is directly fed by means of a microstripline printed along the cylinder axial direction. The results show that the effect of the dielectric overlay is substantial when its relative permittivity and thickness are increased, such that this effect has to be very carefully considered in the design of microstrip antennas. >
TL;DR: An iterative method for minimizing strictly convex quadratic functions over the intersection of a finite number of convex sets is presented and convergence proofs are given even for the inconsistent case, i.e. when the intersections of the sets is empty.
Abstract: We present an iterative method for minimizing strictly convex quadratic functions over the intersection of a finite number of convex sets. The method consists in computing projections onto the individual sets simultaneously and the new iterate is a convex combination of those projections. We give convergence proofs even for the inconsistent case, i.e. when the intersection of the sets is empty.
TL;DR: In this paper, the photodegradation of chloroform and urea in aqueous solution was investigated under near-u.v. and visible radiation using the anatase form of TiO 2 as catalyst.
TL;DR: Habitat, activity period, food, predators, and defensive behavior are briefly described for five species of snakes with coral‐snake pattern, sympatric in southeastern Brazil: Micrurus frontalis, M. lemniscatus, Erythrolamprus aesculapii, Oxyrhopus guibei, and Simophis rhinostoma.
Abstract: Habitat, activity period, food, predators, and defensive behavior are briefly described for five species of snakes with coral‐snake pattern, sympatric in southeastern Brazil: Micrurus frontalis, M. lemniscatus, Erythrolamprus aesculapii, Oxyrhopus guibei, and Simophis rhinostoma. Defensive behaviors were analyzed by numerical methods in order to evaluate the degree of similarity between these species. The similarity between defensive displays is supposed to be due either to phylogenetic affinity or to mimetic convergence.
TL;DR: It is suggested that unilateral orchidectomy leads to a considerable decrease in fertility potential, whatever the reason for it.
Abstract: The fertility potential of 54 men aged between 19 and 42 years, who had undergone unilateral orchidectomy was evaluated. In all cases the remaining testis was of normal volume and consistency. The patients were divided into four groups according to the cause of the orchidectomy: group I—cryptorchism (n = 19), group II—testicular torsion (n = 14). group III—testicular cancer (n = 12) and group IV—accidental (n = 9). The time between orchidectomy and seminal analysis varied from 6 months to 30 years (median 5 years). All semen samples were examined at the same laboratory, and no differences in sperm concentration were found among the groups. 53 % in group I, 57% in group II, 50% in group III, and 56% in group IV had sperm counts of less than 20 million/ml. Our results suggest that unilateral orchidectomy leads to a considerable decrease in fertility potential, whatever the reason for it.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochromic reaction of a tungsten trioxide electrode prepared by electrochemical deposition was studied, and the dependence of electro chromic efficiency on the coloration/bleaching current density, the wavelength of the light source and the film thickness were analyzed.
TL;DR: The possibility of breeding coffee to reduce the caffeine content in the seeds by interspecific hybridization of C. arabica with other Coffea species is discussed.
Abstract: Seeds from open-pollinated flowers collected from hybrids of several Coffea species were analysed for caffeine content. The caffeine content was not always intermediary to that of the parents; higher and lower values were found. Diploid F1 hybrids between accessions of C. eugenioides and C. salvatrix showed the lowest seed caffeine content. Seeds of the tetraploid hybrids C. arabica × C. salvatrix or C. arabica × C. eugenioides hybrids presented low caffeine content. The possibility of breeding coffee to reduce the caffeine content in the seeds by interspecific hybridization of C. arabica with other Coffea species is discussed.
TL;DR: Seeds of ripened fruits of Coffea, one of Psilanthus and two inter-specific hybrids of Coffeea were analysed for trigonelline content in order to investigate the genetic variability.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a nonrelativistic formulation for the quantum dynamics of an electron coupled to its own radiation field and applied the Feynman-Vernon approach to the composite system in order to obtain the reduced density operator of the electron.
Abstract: We develop a nonrelativistic formulation for the quantum dynamics of an electron coupled to its own radiation field. For this purpose, we have applied the Feynman-Vernon approach to the composite system in order to obtain the reduced density operator of the electron. In the classical limit, some well-known results, such as the Abraham-Lorentz equation of motion, are reproduced. We have applied the resulting formalism to the problem of interference in order to investigate the possible effects of the incoherent modes of the electromagnetic radiation on the interference fringes. The results allow us to conclude that the coupling to the radiation field is not enough for one to observe a strong influence of those modes on the interference phenomenon.
TL;DR: The endogenous caffeine concentrations and the metabolism data indicate that there may be marked differences in the rate of turnover of caffeine in the various species of Coffea and potential sources of material for the production of naturally decaffeinated coffee are discussed.
TL;DR: It is concluded that accidents can be prevented by workers who exercise auto-control at all levels and by management which, in the absence of worker orientations favourable to auto- control, engages in safety management as defined sociologically.
01 Apr 1991
TL;DR: Avaliacao do desenvolvimento da producao brasileira de cana, acucar e alcool nos ultimos 50 anos, bem como das mudancas de sua distribuicao espacial apos a Segunda Guerra, canavieira cobrindo quatro periodos sequenciais (1939-1949), tentativas de reinsercao do Brasil nos mercados acucareiros internacionais (1950-1968), tendencias de concent
Abstract: Avaliacao do desenvolvimento da producao brasileira de cana, acucar e alcool nos ultimos 50 anos, bem como das mudancas de sua distribuicao espacial apos a Segunda Guerra. Retrospecto cronologico dos principais problemas da agroindustria canavieira cobrindo quatro periodos sequenciais (1939-1949), tentativas de reinsercao do Brasil nos mercados acucareiros internacionais (1950-1968), tendencias de concentracao e de mordernizacao setoriais (1969-1974), os desvios do acucar para o alcool e vice versa. O artigo termina com algumas breves consideracoes sobre a crise da oferta de alcool em 1990.
TL;DR: Plant cell and tissue culture in a simple fashion refers to techniques which utilize either single plant cells, groups of unorganized cells (callus) or organized tissues or organs put in culture, under controlled sterile conditions.
Abstract: Plant cell and tissue culture in a simple fashion refers to techniques which utilize either single plant cells, groups of unorganized cells (callus) or organized tissues or organs put in culture, under controlled sterile conditions.
TL;DR: A review of Brazilian Amphipod works is arranged in a chronological list and points out the significant works for each one of the four arbitrary periods as discussed by the authors, and deals with the distribution of 83 species of Brazilian Gammaridea and Caprellidea in relation to bathymetry, substrate, latitude and thermal region.
Abstract: This review of Brazilian Amphipod works is arranged in a chronological list and points out the significant works for each one of the four arbitrary periods. Besides that, this paper deals with the distribution of 83 species of Brazilian Gammaridea and Caprellidea in relation to bathymetry, substrate, latitude and thermal region.
TL;DR: In this article, the present structure of residential electricity demand is analyzed by electricity consumption classes and end-uses, and other determinants of electricity-use, such as income and place of residence, are also discussed.