Showing papers by "State University of New York System published in 1976"
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the wave function ψ of a particle of charge Ze around a Dirac monopole of strength g should be regarded as a section and that the section is without discontinuities.
761 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the spin-spin correlation functions for the two-dimensional Ising model on a square lattice in zero magnetic field for T>Tc and T
Abstract: We compute exactly the spin-spin correlation functions 〈σ0,0σM,N〉 for the two-dimensional Ising model on a square lattice in zero magnetic field for T>Tc and T
683 citations
491 citations
TL;DR: The Pupil Evaluation Inventory was developed to assess peer ratings of the behavior of male and female children in grades one through nine and three homogeneous and stable factors emerged: Aggression, Withdrawal and Likeability.
Abstract: The Pupil Evaluation Inventory was developed to assess peer ratings of the behavior of male and female children in grades one through nine. Three homogeneous and stable factors emerged from a factor analysis: Aggression, Withdrawal and Likeability. High interrater agreement between male and female raters, stability of factorial structure, high internal consistency, and moderate concurrent validity were found across sex and grade levels. Test-retest reliability was high for a separate sample of third and sixth graders. There was a tendency for higher internal consistency and teacher-peer correlations for the Aggression factor.
421 citations
TL;DR: To examine the detailed organization of this principal ascending visual pathway, small injections of the marker horseradish peroxidase were placed in various sites throughout the ectostriatum (E) or nucleus rotundus (Rt) in pigeons, indicating the tectofugal pathway to be comprised of at least five different channels.
Abstract: In birds, superficial laminae of the optic tectum receive a massive retinal input; the tectum in turn projects upon the nucleus rotundus thalami, which then sends its efferents to the ectostriatal core of the telencephalon. To examine the detailed organization of this principal ascending visual pathway, small injections of the marker horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed in various sites throughout the ectostriatum (E) or nucleus rotundus (Rt) in pigeons. Analysis of the resulting patterns of retrograde labeling indicates the tectofugal pathway to be comprised of at least five different channels. Cells which lie at various depths in the stratum griseum centrale (SGC) of the tectum project upon distinct subdivisions of nucleus rotundus. Anterior portions of Rt receive input from superficial most cells in the SGC, while medial and more caudal portions of Rt are projected upon by deeper SGC neurons. A ventral subdivision of Rt was found to receive its primary input from two pretectal nuclei. Additional inputs to all portions of Rt arise from nucleus reticularis superior thalami.
The various subdivisions of rotundus in turn project upon distinct portions of the ectostriatum. Thus, the segregation between the different input classes into Rt is largely retained at the telencephalic level. In contrast, the nucleus triangularis, a dorso-medial extension of Rt which receives its input from the deepest of all SGC neurons, sends its efferents to all parts of the ectostriatum.
309 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the adiabatic approximation and perturbation theory to second order in atomic displacement are used to construct a theory of thermal-electron energy shifts, including both intraband and interband'self-energy' and 'Debye-Waller' corrections.
Abstract: The adiabatic approximation and perturbation theory to second order in atomic displacement are used to construct a theory of thermal-electron energy shifts. Both intraband and interband 'self-energy' and 'Debye-Waller' corrections are included. A sum rule based on translational invariance clarified the intimate relation between these two types of correction. Various kinds of cancellation between the terms can be seen explicitly for the two limiting cases of a very narrow band and a small gap in a nearly-free-electron band structure.
283 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of the interface in 3D Ising and related lattice systems is modeled using a 2D array of columns of varying heights, and it is shown that the "roughening" transition (the transition from a localized to a delocalized interface) is directly related to the metal-insulator transition in a 2-D Coulomb gas.
Abstract: The behavior of the interface in the three-dimensional (3-D) Ising and related lattice systems is modeled using a 2-D array of columns of varying heights We show that the "roughening" transition (the transition from a localized to a delocalized interface) is directly related to the metal-insulator transition in a 2-D Coulomb gas Implications of this relationship are discussed
254 citations
TL;DR: Children eliminate theophylline more rapidly on the average than do adults and also show pronounced interindividual differences in the elimination of the drug, which is considerably higher in children than in adults.
Abstract: The pharmacokinetics of theophylline following intravenous injection of aminophylline, 4 mg/kg of body weight, were determined in 30 children with asthma and in 6 normal adult volunteers. The average total clearance of theophylline was 87 ml/hr/kg in the children and 57 ml/hr/kg in the adults. The biologic half-life of theophylline in the children ranged from 1.42 to 7.85 hours, reflecting mainly pronounced interindividual differences in the elimination rate constant of the drug. There was no significant difference between the children and adults with respect to the distribution rate constants and apparent volumes of distribution of theophylline, but the elimination rate constant of the drug was considerably higher in children than in adults. Thus, children eliminate theophylline more rapidly on the average than do adults and also show pronounced interindividual differences in the elimination of the drug. Compared to adults, children tend to require relatively larger amounts of theophylline per day and the doses may have to be given at shorter intervals of time.
243 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a synthesis of the major-element chemistry, petrography, mineral chemistry, and crystal chemistry of the mare basalts returned by Apollo and Luna missions is presented.
Abstract: The paper attempts a synthesis of the major-element chemistry, petrography, mineral chemistry, and crystal chemistry of the mare basalts returned by Apollo and Luna missions A classification of the mare basalts based on major-element chemistry is given, and textural sequences within each major-element group are identified The mineral chemistry and crystal chemistry of each mineral group are considered within the framework of the major-element groups and the textural sequences The various classes of models for the origin of the mare basalts and the nature of their source regions are discussed in the context of the major- and trace-element chemistries and experimental investigations
236 citations
TL;DR: Evidence from voltage-clamp studies of single nerve fibers indicates that anesthetic molecules interact with the sodium channels directly, from the inner side of the nerve membrane, providing a simple explanation for Wedenski inhibition.
Abstract: Local anesthetics block nerve conduction by preventing the increase in membrane permeability to sodium ions that normally leads to a nerve impulse. Among anesthetics containing tertiary amine groups, the cationic, protonated form appears to be more active than the neutral form. However, the neutral forms, as well as uncharged molecules like benzocaine and the aliphatic alcohols, also depress sodium permeability. Studies of single myelinated nerves and squid axons show no direct interaction between calcium ions and local anesthetics, thus disproving theories based on competition between these two agents. Likewise, hypotheses attributing local anesthesia to changes in electrical potentials at the membrane-water interface are disproven by the demonstrated potencies of electrically uncharged anesthetics. Hypotheses that propose that local anesthetics act by expanding the nerve membrane and causing a change in protein conformation that blocks sodium permeability are vague in conception and difficult to test experimentally. Evidence from voltage-clamp studies of single nerve fibers indicates that anesthetic molecules interact with the sodium channels directly, from the inner side of the nerve membrane. Anesthetics bind within sodium channels which have opened during membrane depolarization, preventing the normal sodium ion flux. Anesthetic molecules can dissociate from open channels, but not from channels that remain closed when the nerve is kept at rest. The "gating" properties that regulate the opening and closing of sodium channels are reversibly modified during anesthesia. Specifically, the inactivation function responds more slowly and requires more negative membrane potential changes to reach the same values as in unanesthetized nerves. A second, slow inactivation is observed following external application of tertiary amine anesthetics. The selective binding of anesthetics to open sodium channels provides a simple explanation for Wedenski inhibition, in which the block increases with the frequency of nerve impulses. When impulses occur at higher frequencies more sodium channels are open over a period of time comparable to the time necessary for the anesthetic binding reaction, thus more channels are blocked. In addition the changes of the inactivation function result in a longer refractory period and, thus, a decrease of impulse height at higher frequencies. Charged anesthetic molecules may bind in the pore of the sodium channel. Their binding can be modulated by the electrical field in the membrane. The channel has a higher affinity for larger anesthetic molecules, but this may result from their greater hydrophobicity as well as from their size. The binding site favors molecules that contain more polar linkages between the amine group and the aromatic residue. Binding of amine anesthetics is weakly stereospecific and, surprisingly, shows no absolute requirement for the terminal alkyl ammonium moiety present in most local anesthetics...
230 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define and discuss the properties of manifolds of polynomials J n ( t, x ) and R n (t, x ), called Rys polynomial, which are orthonormal with respect to the weighting factor exp(− xt 2 ) on a finite interval of t.
TL;DR: A prospective study of candida esophagitis was undertaken to determine the spectrum of this disease in a general hospital and found absence of titer precluded a diagnosis of Candida esophageal symptoms.
TL;DR: Eggs of the common snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina, were incubated at constant temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C, and in females at hatching, the oviduct was intact hut in some cases the gonad retained bisexual characteristics.
Abstract: Eggs of the common snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina, were incubated at constant temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C, At hatching, the oviducts were absent or incomplete in males; the testes were differentiated. In females at hatching, the oviduct was intact hut in some cases the gonad retained bisexual characteristics. Three months after hatching, the ovary was differentiated and contained follicles. Eggs incubated at 20°C and at 30°C developed into females in 100% of the cases. At 26°C, 99% of the individuals were males; at 24°C, 100% were males. More males than females developed at incubation temperatures of 22°C and 28°C.
TL;DR: Estimates of the maximum resolutions obtainable with electrons and photons, consistent with structural survival of the specimen, are obtained, as are data on optimal operating conditions for microscopy with the two particles.
TL;DR: It was suggested that light excites certain groups of neurons in the suprachiasmatic nuclei which exert inhibitory action on cervical sympathetic nerve, which caused a reduction in norepinephrine release by nerve fibers innervating the pineal and a Reduction in pineal enzyme production produced by light.
TL;DR: In this paper, a longitudinal investigation of the processes by which a formal organization is almost entirely transfused with new reporting relationships reveal the operation of organizational understructures, which appear to differentiate not only the lowly organizational unit but also hierarchical hierarchies of vertical relationships.
TL;DR: In this paper, the positions and transition strengths of the giant multipole resonances of the spherical nuclei (16 O, 40 Ca, 90 Zr and 208 Pb) are calculated with large configuration spaces in the random phase approximation based on the Hartree-Fock ground states of a newly developed Skyrme interaction.
TL;DR: The data here presented suggest strongly that behavior therapy can be effective for hyperkinesia.
Abstract: Although drug therapy is helpful in the control of many children with hyperkinesia, alternative and adjunctive therapies are needed also, for a number of reasons: 1) not all of these children improve with medication; 2) the drugs may have adverse physiologic effects which at the least dictate caution in their use; 3) medication alone does not always return responding children to normal functioning; and 4) drug action cannot often be used to help with problems occurring in the children's home setting after school hours. The data here presented suggest strongly that behavior therapy can be effective for hyperkinesia.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-photon resonance with a bound state at 51 085 cm−1 was identified as a resonance seen in the multiphoton ionization spectrum of benzene.
Abstract: A resonance seen in the multiphoton ionization spectrum of benzene at 391.4 nm is identified as a two‐photon resonance with a bound state at 51 085 cm−1. This state has probable symmetry 1E1g or 1E2g as indicated by an active e2g vibration. No other allowed two‐photon transitions are seen below this energy. Three‐photon resonances with the Rydberg states of benzene are seen and compared to the one‐photon absorption spectrum. The great similarity indicates a strong 1A1g component in the two‐photon virtual state. Two‐photon resonances with the 1B2u state agree with two‐photon fluorescence excitation spectra but show no diminution above the energy where fluorescence is quenched.
TL;DR: In this paper, the non-quantum-mechanical interaction of a Dirac magnetic monopole and a point charge through the electromagnetic field is studied, and a classical action integral which is multiple-valued is found.
Abstract: The non-quantum-mechanical interaction of a Dirac magnetic monopole and a point charge through the electromagnetic field is studied. A classical action integral which is multiple-valued is found. Stability of this action integral against variations of the world lines of the point charge and the monopole, and against variations of the electromagnetic potentials, yields the correct Lorentz equations of motion of the particles and the Maxwell equations for the field. No strings are introduced in the formalism. (AIP)
TL;DR: In this paper, the existence of a low-density critical point in a classical fluid of charged hard spheres was shown to have been previously undetected, but not yet known to the authors.
Abstract: Evidence is given for the existence of a heretofore undetected low-density critical point in a classical fluid of charged hard spheres.
TL;DR: For instance, this paper argued that a person's sameness within different behaviors can be described as variations on one identity theme (Lichtenstein), and that the interpreter himself plays a behavioral variation on his identity theme.
Abstract: Understanding the receptivity of literature, how one work admits many readers, begins with an analogy: unity is to text as identity is to self. Unity here means the way all a text’s features can be related through one central theme. Identity describes a person’s sameness within different behaviors as variations on one identity theme (Lichtenstein). To find unity or identity, however, the interpreter himself plays a behavioral variation on his identity theme. In interpreting, his identity re-creates itself as he shapes the text to match his characteristic defenses, fantasies, and coherences. Thus, what a poet says about fictional, political, or scientific texts expresses the same identity theme as the poems he writes. To understand reading, criticism, and any knowing or making in symbols, then, we need to let go the Cartesian craving for objectivity and accept the themes in ourselves with which we construe the world—including literary works.
TL;DR: Kinetic studies on a rat brain (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) preparation demonstrated high-affinity sites for ATP, with a Km near 1 mum, and low affinity sites forATP, withA value of 0.5 mM, which are incorporated into a reaction scheme with two classes of substrate sites on a dimeric enzyme, manifesting idverse enzymatic and transport characteristics.
TL;DR: The lower lethal temperature of many insects indicates an overwintering flexibility as a result of either extensive supercooling or production of cryoprotectants, which appears to be affected by developmental processes.
TL;DR: Examination of the collagen breakdown products by acrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the fluid collagenase was of tissue rather than bacterial origin, and seemed to be controlled by α2-macroglobulin, based on its activation by NaSCN.
Abstract: Collagenase activity in human gingival fluid was measured using a radioactive collagen fibril assay. The activity was positively correlated with the severity of gingival disease. The fluid collagenase seemed to be controlled by α2-macroglobulin, based on its activation by NaSCN, and to be present solely in the extracellular fraction. Examination of the collagen breakdown products by acrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the fluid collagenase was of tissue rather than bacterial origin.
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the k-plane integral transformations on the spaces L/sup 1/(R/sup n/) and l/sup 2/(R /sup n) were studied.
TL;DR: It was concluded that during the period of development when chick embryos possess 8 to 20 pairs of somites, the segmental plate mesoderm may segment into its full complement of Somites without further contact with the axial structures, but requires continued intimate contact for normal somite morphologic differentiation and stability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the average kinetic energy of a large nucleus is estimated to within 2-5 MeV by the extension of the Thomas-Fermi model to include the effects of non-localities in the potential.