State University of New York System

About: State University of New York System is a education organization based out in Albany, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 54077 authors who have published 78070 publications receiving 2985160 citations.

Rapid, small-volume, flow injection analysis for SCO2, and NH4+ in marine and freshwaters

Abstract: ∑CO2 and NH4+ in natural waters can be rapidly (∼60 samples h−1), precisely (∼1% RSD), and simply determined in small samples (20 µl, ∑CO2; 50 µl, NH4+) with an inexpensive flow injection analysis system (FIA). A gas-permeable membrane is used to remove CO2 or NH3 from acidic (∑CO2) or basic (NH4+) reagent streams into a receiving stream and conductivity detector. Linear negative responses occur over a wide range ofconcentrations ( 0.1 mM) by difference (with, without Zn). Interferences from fatty acids (∑CO2) and methylamines (NH4+) are unlikely at natural levels. These methods correlate well with traditional techniques.

The Inferior Parietal Lobule Is the Target of Output from the Superior Colliculus, Hippocampus, and Cerebellum

Abstract: The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is a functionally and anatomically heterogeneous region that is concerned with multiple aspects of sensory processing and sensorimotor integration. Although considerable information is available about the corticocortical connections to the IPL, much less is known about the origin and importance of subcortical inputs to this cortical region. To examine this issue, we used retrograde transneuronal transport of the McIntyre-B strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) to identify the second-order neurons in subcortical nuclei that project to the IPL. Four monkeys ( Cebus apella ) received injections of HSV1 into three different subregions of the IPL. Injections into a portion of the lateral intraparietal area labeled second-order neurons primarily in the superficial (visual) layers of the superior colliculus. Injections of HSV1 into a portion of area 7a labeled many second-order neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. In contrast, virus injections within a portion of area 7b labeled second-order neurons in posterior regions of the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. These observations have some important functional implications. The IPL is known to be involved in oculomotor and attentional mechanisms, the establishment of maps of extrapersonal space, and the adaptive recalibration of eye–hand coordination. Our findings suggest that these functions are subserved by distinct subcortical systems from the superior colliculus, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Furthermore, the finding that each system appears to target a separate subregion of the IPL provides an anatomical substrate for understanding the functional heterogeneity of the IPL.

Coherent effects of a weak neutral current

Abstract: If there is a weak neutral current, then the elastic scattering process $\ensuremath{ u}+A\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{ u}+A$ should have a sharp coherent forward peak just as $e+A\ensuremath{\rightarrow}e+A$ does. Experiments to observe this peak can give important information on the isospin structure of the neutral current. The experiments are very difficult, although the estimated cross sections (about ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}38}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ on carbon) are favorable. The coherent cross sections (in contrast to incoherent) are almost energy-independent. Therefore, energies as low as 100 MeV may be suitable. Quasi-coherent nuclear excitation processes $\ensuremath{ u}+A\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{ u}+{A}^{*}$ provide possible tests of the conservation of the weak neutral current. Because of strong coherent effects at very low energies, the nuclear elastic scattering process may be important in inhibiting cooling by neutrino emission in stellar collapse and neutron stars.