Institution
State University of New York System
Education•Albany, New York, United States•
About: State University of New York System is a education organization based out in Albany, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 54077 authors who have published 78070 publications receiving 2985160 citations.
Topics: Population, Poison control, RNA, Gene, Receptor
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the development and first field deployment of a new version of the AMS, which is capable of measuring non-refractory aerosol mass concentrations, chemically speciated mass distributions and single particle information.
Abstract: We report the development and first field deployment of a new version of the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS), which is capable of measuring non-refractory aerosol mass concentrations, chemically speciated mass distributions and single particle information. The instrument was constructed by interfacing the well-characterized Aerodyne AMS vacuum system, particle focusing, sizing, and evaporation/ionization components, with a compact TOFWERK orthogonal acceleration reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. In this time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (TOF-AMS) aerosol particles are focused by an aerodynamic lens assembly as a narrow beam into the vacuum chamber. Non-refractory particle components flash-vaporize after impaction onto the vaporizer and are ionized by electron impact. The ions are continuously guided into the source region of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, where ions are extracted into the TOF section at a repetition rate of 83.3 kHz. Each extraction generates a complete mass spect...
663 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors review various aspects of W algebra symmetry in two-dimensional conformal field theory and string theory and pay particular attention to the construction of W algebras through the quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction and through the coset construction.
662 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an interesting toy model is provided by QCD with two colors: it has a particle-antiparticle symmetry which relates {l_angle}{bar q}q{r_angle} and {l _angle}qq{r-angle} condensates.
Abstract: Instantons lead to strong correlations between up and down quarks with spin zero and antisymmetric color wave functions. In cold and dense matter, n{sub b}{gt}n{sub c}{approx_equal}1 fm {sup {minus}3} and T{lt}T{sub c}{approximately}50 thinspthinspMeV, these pairs Bose condense, replacing the usual {l_angle}{bar q}q{r_angle} condensate and restoring chiral symmetry. At high density, the ground state is a color superconductor in which diquarks play the role of Cooper pairs. An interesting toy model is provided by QCD with two colors: it has a particle-antiparticle symmetry which relates {l_angle}{bar q}q{r_angle} and {l_angle}qq{r_angle} condensates. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
658 citations
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658 citations
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TL;DR: Pendall et al. as discussed by the authors review literature that explains and extends the meaning of resilience across several fields: ecology, psychology, economics, disaster studies, geography, political science and archeology.
Abstract: Author(s): Rolf Pendall; Kathryn A. Foster; Margaret Cowell | Abstract: In this paper, we review literature that explains and extends the meaning of resilience across several fields: ecology, psychology, economics, disaster studies, geography, political science and archeology. For metropolitan regions, the review suggests that we must proceed with caution and precision if we choose to make resilience a guiding metaphor for planning and policy, as well as for understanding regional dynamics.Across these fields, there are several common themes that may or may not apply to all aspects of metropolitan economic, social, political, and environmental dynamics. The next part of the paper ties together these themes across the literatures; at the end of the paper, we return to pose some of the implications of the resilience metaphor for metropolitan regions. First, most analysis that employs the resilience metaphor presumes that the phenomenon of interest exhibits at least one equilibrium; the majority of the research begins, in fact, from the possibility of multiple equilibria, and explains how and why those equilibria become unstable. When we say that a person, society, ecosystem, or city is resilient, we generally mean that in the face of shock or stress, it either “returns to normal” (i.e., equilibrium) rapidly afterward or at the least does not easily get pushed into a “new normal” (i.e., an alternative equilibrium). Recent studies, however, have begun to move past the equilibrium view, shifting their focus from resting points to processes of adaptation.Second, and related to the first point, analysis using the resilience metaphor generally takes a systems perspective. Some factors internal to the system, and some external to it, tend to strengthen it; others—again, both internal and external—can place it under stress. Some literatures (e.g., psychology, disaster studies) tend to focus more on internal resources that strengthen the system under study and exogenous stresses that threaten it. A key idea arising from ecological studies, “panarchy,” helps overcome some of the determinism of such systems perspectives as functionalism in sociology; whereas other systems views tend to portray individual actions and interactions as pre-determined outcomes of larger structural forces, the panarchy view leads observers to expect interaction between structure and agents.Third, most, but not all, of the literatures tend to adopt at least partially the view that observed equilibria are path-dependent, that is, they are a consequence of cumulative decisions, often over a long time period, that shift a system from having a very open future to having increasingly predictable (or “locked in”) paths. The interest in path dependency is particularly high in fields that attempt to understand multiple equilibria and the persistence of sub-optimal ones; in any multi-equilibrium world, any of a number of sometimes apparently random events or actions can lead a system toward a particular equilibrium.Finally, work that uses resilience as a metaphor tends to take a long view, whether of individuals (e.g., personality in the transition from a stressed childhood to functional or dysfunctional adulthood) or of cities (e.g., long-term recovery after a disaster). This long perspective tends to reinforce the first three points. Over the long run, an observer will often observe or impute one or more periods of stability amidst change at some level of function for the phenomenon of interest, reinforcing the belief in equilibrium. This is even truer if the analyst’s attention is shaped by the resilience metaphor in ways that encourage her to look for equilibria. As a practical matter, furthermore, the analyst must bound the phenomenon of study (city, ecosystem, person) in ways that encourage her to view that phenomenon as having a persistent internal logic; that is, the phenomenon isn’t just a social or political process or a series of unconnected events but is, rather, a system.
656 citations
Authors
Showing all 54162 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Stephen V. Faraone | 188 | 1427 | 140298 |
David L. Kaplan | 177 | 1944 | 146082 |
David Baker | 173 | 1226 | 109377 |
Nora D. Volkow | 165 | 958 | 107463 |
David R. Holmes | 161 | 1624 | 114187 |
Richard J. Davidson | 156 | 602 | 91414 |
Ronald G. Crystal | 155 | 990 | 86680 |
Jovan Milosevic | 152 | 1433 | 106802 |
James J. Collins | 151 | 669 | 89476 |
Mark A. Rubin | 145 | 699 | 95640 |