Showing papers by "Stockholm School of Economics published in 2019"
Harvard University1, University of Oxford2, Boston Children's Hospital3, University of Washington4, University of London5, Université libre de Bruxelles6, RTI International7, University of Nottingham8, University of Notre Dame9, University of Southampton10, Fudan University11, National University of Defense Technology12, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics13, Central South University14, Pan American Health Organization15, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control16, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp17, Colorado State University18, ETH Zurich19, Karolinska Institutet20, Stockholm School of Economics21, Pasteur Institute22, Université de Namur23, University of California, Davis24, University of Melbourne25
TL;DR: It is shown that human movement patterns explain the spread of both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Europe and the United States following their introduction and predicted the future distributions of both species in response to accelerating urbanization, connectivity and climate change.
Abstract: The global population at risk from mosquito-borne diseases-including dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika-is expanding in concert with changes in the distribution of two key vectors: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The distribution of these species is largely driven by both human movement and the presence of suitable climate. Using statistical mapping techniques, we show that human movement patterns explain the spread of both species in Europe and the United States following their introduction. We find that the spread of Ae. aegypti is characterized by long distance importations, while Ae. albopictus has expanded more along the fringes of its distribution. We describe these processes and predict the future distributions of both species in response to accelerating urbanization, connectivity and climate change. Global surveillance and control efforts that aim to mitigate the spread of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever and Zika viruses must consider the so far unabated spread of these mosquitos. Our maps and predictions offer an opportunity to strategically target surveillance and control programmes and thereby augment efforts to reduce arbovirus burden in human populations globally.
605 citations
VU University Amsterdam1, Erasmus University Rotterdam2, University of Zurich3, Harvard University4, Cornell University5, Hospital for Special Surgery6, University of Amsterdam7, University of Toronto8, Statens Serum Institut9, University of Copenhagen10, University of Queensland11, University of Essex12, ETH Zurich13, Broad Institute14, German Institute for Economic Research15, Max Planck Society16, University of Oxford17, Pompeu Fabra University18, University of Edinburgh19, University of Oulu20, University of California, San Diego21, University of Lübeck22, Institut Pere Mata23, University of Colorado Boulder24, University of Konstanz25, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill26, University of Fribourg27, Karolinska Institutet28, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton29, University of Guelph30, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich31, University of Cologne32, University of Innsbruck33, University College London34, University of Chicago35, Imperial College London36, University of Tartu37, Stockholm School of Economics38, Geisinger Health System39, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies40, University of Mainz41, University of Southern California42, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences43, Western General Hospital44, Translational Research Institute45, University of Minnesota46, New York University47, National Bureau of Economic Research48
TL;DR: This paper found evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across risk tolerance and the risky behaviors: 46 of the 99 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of their other GWAS, and general risk-tolerance is genetically correlated with a range of risky behaviors.
Abstract: Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over 1 million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors in the driving, drinking, smoking, and sexual domains. Across all GWAS, we identified hundreds of associated loci, including 99 loci associated with general risk tolerance. We report evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across risk tolerance and the risky behaviors: 46 of the 99 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of our other GWAS, and general risk tolerance is genetically correlated ([Formula: see text] ~ 0.25 to 0.50) with a range of risky behaviors. Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near SNPs associated with general risk tolerance are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We found no evidence of enrichment for genes previously hypothesized to relate to risk tolerance.
395 citations
TL;DR: This article defined entrepreneurial well-being as the experience of satisfaction, positive affect, infrequent negative affect, and psychological functioning in relation to developing, starting, growing, and running an entrepreneurial venture.
277 citations
TL;DR: This article developed a two-stage multi-path mediation model in which psychological autonomy mediates the relationship between active engagement in entrepreneurship and well-being partially through its effect on psychological competence and relatedness.
177 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the impact of a personalized technology-aided after-school instruction program in middle-school grades in urban India using a lottery that provided winners with free access to the program.
Abstract: We study the impact of a personalized technology-aided after-school instruction program in middle-school grades in urban India using a lottery that provided winners with free access to the program Lottery winners scored 037 sigma higher in math and 023 sigma higher in Hindi over just a 45-month period IV estimates suggest that attending the program for 90 days would increase math and Hindi test scores by 06 sigma and 039 sigma respectively We find similar absolute test score gains for all students, but much greater relative gains for academically-weaker students Our results suggest that well-designed, technology-aided instruction programs can sharply improve productivity in delivering education
157 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that negative policy rates affect the supply of bank credit in a novel way and suggest that negative rates are less accommodative and could pose a risk to financial stability, if lending is done by high-deposit banks.
Abstract: We show that negative policy rates affect the supply of bank credit in a novel way. Banks are reluctant to pass on negative rates to depositors, which increases the funding cost of high-deposit banks, and reduces their net worth, relative to low-deposit banks. As a consequence, the introduction of negative policy rates by the European Central Bank in mid-2014 leads to more risk-taking and less lending by euro-area banks with a greater reliance on deposit funding. Our results suggest that negative rates are less accommodative and could pose a risk to financial stability, if lending is done by high-deposit banks.Received April 17, 2018; editorial decision September 18, 2018 by Editor Philip Strahan. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
152 citations
TL;DR: The sharing economy has evolved and spread to various sectors of the economy as discussed by the authors, and its early idea linked to the creation of more sustainable uses of resources. Since then, the development of the sharing...
151 citations
TL;DR: In order to achieve positive economic, environmental, and social benefits, many incumbent manufacturing firms attempt to apply circular economy principles to their business practices as discussed by the authors, however, these firms o...
Abstract: To achieve positive economic, environmental, and social benefits, many incumbent manufacturing firms attempt to apply circular economy principles to their business practices. However, these firms o...
150 citations
TL;DR: Based on an extensive review of the literature on certification and principle-based MSIs for sustainability (n = 293 articles), this paper showed that the scholarly debate rests on three broad themes (the "3Is")): the input into creating and governing MSIs; the institutionalization of MSIs, and the impact that relevant initiatives create.
Abstract: Although the literature on multi-stakeholder initiatives for sustainability has grown in recent years, it is scattered across several academic fields, making it hard to ascertain how individual disciplines, such as business ethics, can further contribute to the debate. Based on an extensive review of the literature on certification and principle-based MSIs for sustainability (n = 293 articles), we show that the scholarly debate rests on three broad themes (the “3Is”): the input into creating and governing MSIs; the institutionalization of MSIs; and the impact that relevant initiatives create. While our discussion reveals the theoretical underpinnings of the 3Is, it also shows that a number of research challenges related to business ethics remain unaddressed. We unpack these challenges and suggest how scholars can utilize theoretical insights in business ethics to push the boundaries of the field. Finally, we also discuss what business ethics research can gain from theory development in the MSI field.
120 citations
TL;DR: Research finds that the use of a disclaimer from a social media company alerting individuals to the fact that the news might be fake does not lower individuals’ attitudes, propensity to make positive comments and intentions to share the fake news as much as critical comments from other users.
92 citations
TL;DR: The findings reveal that impartiality product posts are less likely to be perceived as advertising compared to sponsored product posts or posts without sponsorship information, and therefore generate higher source and message credibility.
VU University Amsterdam1, Erasmus University Rotterdam2, University of Zurich3, Harvard University4, University of Colorado Boulder5, University of Southern California6, Hospital for Special Surgery7, University of Amsterdam8, Statens Serum Institut9, University of Copenhagen10, University of Toronto11, University of Queensland12, University of Essex13, Broad Institute14, University of Oxford15, Max Planck Society16, German Institute for Economic Research17, Pompeu Fabra University18, University of Edinburgh19, University of Oulu20, University of California, San Diego21, University of Lübeck22, University of Konstanz23, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill24, University of Bern25, Karolinska Institutet26, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton27, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich28, University of Cologne29, University College London30, University of Chicago31, Imperial College London32, University of Tartu33, Stockholm School of Economics34, Geisinger Health System35, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies36, University of Mainz37, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences38, Western General Hospital39, University of Minnesota40, New York University41, National Bureau of Economic Research42
TL;DR: Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near general-risk-tolerance-associated SNPs are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission.
Abstract: Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over one million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors in the driving, drinking, smoking, and sexual domains. We identified 611 approximately independent genetic loci associated with at least one of our phenotypes, including 124 with general risk tolerance. We report evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across general risk tolerance and risky behaviors: 72 of the 124 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of our other GWAS, and general risk tolerance is moderately to strongly genetically correlated ( to 0.50) with a range of risky behaviors. Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near general-risk-tolerance-associated SNPs are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We find no evidence of enrichment for genes previously hypothesized to relate to risk tolerance.
TL;DR: Innovation auditing is a well-established practice used by managers to identify strengths and weaknesses in innovation as discussed by the authors, however, existing audit frameworks fall short, however, because they neglect three major trends that currently transform the innovation landscape.
TL;DR: ATMPs face a challenge in demonstrating their value within current HTA frameworks and consideration of the feasibility of assessing the value of ATMPs beyond health gain and continued dialogue will be key to ensuring appropriate market access.
Abstract: Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are beginning to reach European markets, and questions are being asked about their value for patients and how healthcare systems should pay for them. To identify and discuss potential challenges of ATMPs in view of current health technology assessment (HTA) methodology—specifically economic evaluation methods—in Europe as it relates to ATMPs, and to suggest potential solutions to these challenges. An Expert Panel reviewed current HTA principles and practices in relation to the specific characteristics of ATMPs. Three key topics were identified and prioritised for discussion—uncertainty, discounting, and health outcomes and value. The panel discussed that evidence challenges linked to increased uncertainty may be mitigated by collection of follow-on data, use of value of information analysis, and/or outcomes-based contracts. For discount rates, an international, multi-disciplinary forum should be established to consider the economic, social and ethical implications of the choice of rate. Finally, consideration of the feasibility of assessing the value of ATMPs beyond health gain may also be key for decision-making. ATMPs face a challenge in demonstrating their value within current HTA frameworks. Consideration of current HTA principles and practices with regards to the specific characteristics of ATMPs and continued dialogue will be key to ensuring appropriate market access. I.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new empirical strategy that uses credit ratings to identify financing constraints and uses exchange rates and trade data to identify demand shocks was proposed to identify an important new misallocation effect of financial frictions that operates within firms across different types of workers.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals and found that FROH is significantly associated with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed.
Abstract: In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the effects of a particular form of sponsorship disclaimer in sponsored content by social media influencers (SMIs), namely a sponsorship compensation justification disclosure, on consumers' responses to a product-review video by a YouTube influencer.
Abstract: Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of a particular form of sponsorship disclaimer in sponsored content by social media influencers (SMIs), namely a sponsorship compensation justification disclosure. A sponsorship compensation justification disclosure explains why influencers and brands engage in sponsorship collaborations by providing a normative reason that justifies the existence and dissemination of sponsored content.
Design/methodology/approach
An experimental design was used to compare the effects of a sponsorship compensation justification disclosure made by either an influencer or the sponsoring brand, to a simple sponsorship disclosure and a no disclosure control post, on consumers’ responses to a product-review video by a YouTube influencer.
Findings
The paper offers empirical evidence that sponsorship compensation justification generates more positive consumer attitudes toward influencers receiving sponsorship compensation, and increases source and message credibility, compared to a simple sponsorship disclosure.
Research limitations/implications
The hypotheses were tested on one YouTube video, comprising of a single product category, one SMI and one social media platform. Further studies might replicate the experiment on different product categories and on different social media platforms.
Practical implications
This empirical study can offer brand communication managers and influencers important information on how to communicate and design sponsorship disclosures to reach-desired responses from consumers.
Originality/value
The study is the first study to empirically demonstrate the effects of this particular type of sponsorship disclosure.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that businesses that promote corporate social responsibility through their supply chains by requiring their suppliers to report on and otherwise communicate their CSR are doing a great thing.
Abstract: Businesses that promote corporate social responsibility (CSR) through their supply chains by requiring their suppliers to report on and otherwise communicate their CSR are doing a great thing, aren...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors exploit the efforts of state socialist regimes to promote women's economic inclusion and investigate whether attitudes are affected by politico-economic regimes, using the German partit...
Abstract: This paper investigates whether attitudes are affected by politico-economic regimes. We exploit the efforts of state socialist regimes to promote women's economic inclusion. Using the German partit...
TL;DR: In this article, a lack of conceptual knowledge on how policy can help strengthen collaborative practices in actor networks is discussed. But, despite the key role of actor networks in progressing new sustainable technologies, there is a shortage of conceptual know-how on how policies can help support collaborative practices.
TL;DR: It is suggested that there is a lack of sufficient technological performance of these headsets and that more applications are required for this technology to take off.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore how human resources professionals do not see that the diversity measures they initiate can contribute to the reproductiveness of the diversity management studies, and explore how such measures can be improved.
Abstract: This article contributes to critical diversity management studies by exploring how human resources professionals do not see that the diversity measures they initiate can contribute to the reproduct...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the influence of public R&D subsidies on a firm's likelihood to form technological collaborations using signaling theory, and investigate whether the relative salience of these signals varies between two types of signal receivers: academic and corporate partners.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that crowdfunding represents a novel socio-technical practice with the potential of upscaling and transforming financial and sustainability regimes, and they position this Special Issue (SI) within the larger stream of sustainability transitions literature, and in particular in relation to one of the field's key frameworks, i.e. the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP).
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that sound banks can pass negative rates on to their corporate depositors without experiencing a contraction in funding, and that these pass-through effects become stronger as policy rates move deeper into negative territory.
Abstract: Exploiting confidential data from the euro area, we show that sound banks can pass negative rates on to their corporate depositors without experiencing a contraction in funding. These pass-through effects become stronger as policy rates move deeper into negative territory. Banks offering negative rates provide more credit than other banks suggesting that the transmission mechanism of monetary policy is not hampered. The negative interest rate policy (NIRP) provides further stimulus to the economy through firms’ asset rebalancing. Firms with high current assets linked to banks offering negative rates appear to increase their investment in tangible and intangible assets and to decrease their cash holdings to avoid the costs associated with negative rates. Overall, our results challenge the commonly held view that conventional monetary policy becomes ineffective when policy rates reach the zero lower bound.
TL;DR: The models presented in this paper are simple tools to produce cheap, prognostic replicability metrics that could be useful in institutionalizing the process of evaluation of new findings and guiding resources to those direct replications that are likely to be most informative.
Abstract: We measure how accurately replication of experimental results can be predicted by black-box statistical models. With data from four large-scale replication projects in experimental psychology and economics, and techniques from machine learning, we train predictive models and study which variables drive predictable replication. The models predicts binary replication with a cross-validated accuracy rate of 70% (AUC of 0.77) and estimates of relative effect sizes with a Spearman ρ of 0.38. The accuracy level is similar to market-aggregated beliefs of peer scientists [1, 2]. The predictive power is validated in a pre-registered out of sample test of the outcome of [3], where 71% (AUC of 0.73) of replications are predicted correctly and effect size correlations amount to ρ = 0.25. Basic features such as the sample and effect sizes in original papers, and whether reported effects are single-variable main effects or two-variable interactions, are predictive of successful replication. The models presented in this paper are simple tools to produce cheap, prognostic replicability metrics. These models could be useful in institutionalizing the process of evaluation of new findings and guiding resources to those direct replications that are likely to be most informative.
TL;DR: This article elicited peer beliefs in prediction markets and surveys about two replication success metrics: the probability that the replication yields a statistically significant effect in the original direction (p p ) and the probability of the replication success metric.
TL;DR: This article shows what it can mean to ‘invite materiality’ into interviews, examine the conditions of possibility to become by tracing the genealogy of practices, and engage with data relationally rather than categorically in the unfolding of organizational practices.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that emotions have been treated as an intrapsychological phenomenon rather than an inter- or relational phenomenon, and that current work focusses on how accounting produces emotions, failing to consider how emotions inform accounting.
Abstract: This paper seeks to (re)theorise the interpenetration of accounting and emotionality. Whilst researchers have devoted increasing attention to the effects of emotions, we argue that extant research is problematic in two ways. First, emotions have been treated as an intrapsychological phenomenon rather than an inter- or relational phenomenon. Second, current work focusses on how accounting produces emotions, failing to consider how emotions inform accounting. To address these two shortcomings, we mobilise the economic anthropology of Tarde (1902), and the subsequent work by Latour and Lepinay (2009) and Latour (2010; 2013), to argue that all interests are inherently 'passionate interests'; they are matters that 'hook' actors emotionally. This theoretical lens is used to narrate a field study considering the (changing) passionate interests and their connections to accounting in an elite Swedish football club. Specifically, we analyse a nexus of four passionate interests that 'hook' many (in different ways and with different degrees of intensity) – violent behaviour, winning the league, preserving the club family, and derbies. More generally, this paper argues that: first, organisations are a nexus of passionate interests; second, such interests recursively inform the doing of accounting; third, passionate interests are quantifiable via a range of financial and non-financial performance measures, enabling the construction and coordination of collectives; and, fourth, some performance measures matter more than others when (a) they are simple and unambiguous, (b) grounded in enduring passionate interests with deep historical roots that tie together members of proximate communities, and (c) travel beyond organisations and penetrate diverse arenas of everyday life, reproducing the emotive intensity of passionate interests.
TL;DR: This paper examined the relationship between gender diversity and research outcomes and found that women are well represented in social and human-centered areas of management, while men comprise the vast majority in areas addressing more technical and operational aspects.