Showing papers by "Stockholm School of Economics published in 2021"
Innovations for Poverty Action1, Wageningen University and Research Centre2, National Research University – Higher School of Economics3, Columbia University4, Yale University5, University of Lagos6, Universidade Nova de Lisboa7, Institute for Fiscal Studies8, Lahore University of Management Sciences9, University of St Andrews10, Stockholm School of Economics11, Ghent University12, Alternatives13, Trinity College, Dublin14, University of Sierra Leone15, Kathmandu16, Cornell University17, University of Illinois at Chicago18, New York University Abu Dhabi19, Princeton University20, Stockholm University21, Tufts University22, University of Michigan23, Northwestern University24, London School of Economics and Political Science25
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals.
Abstract: Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccination attitudes in lower-income countries, where large-scale vaccination is just beginning. We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in our LMIC samples (mean 80.3%; median 78%; range 30.1 percentage points) compared with the United States (mean 64.6%) and Russia (mean 30.4%). Vaccine acceptance in LMICs is primarily explained by an interest in personal protection against COVID-19, while concern about side effects is the most common reason for hesitancy. Health workers are the most trusted sources of guidance about COVID-19 vaccines. Evidence from this sample of LMICs suggests that prioritizing vaccine distribution to the Global South should yield high returns in advancing global immunization coverage. Vaccination campaigns should focus on translating the high levels of stated acceptance into actual uptake. Messages highlighting vaccine efficacy and safety, delivered by healthcare workers, could be effective for addressing any remaining hesitancy in the analyzed LMICs.
536 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the processes by which retail SMEs develop international e-commerce in foreign markets based on qualitative data from three Swedish retail-SMEs and made a theoretical contribution to international entrepreneurship research by providing more granular insights into the actual drivers of ecommerce internationalisation.
77 citations
Innovations for Poverty Action1, Wageningen University and Research Centre2, Columbia University3, National Research University – Higher School of Economics4, Yale University5, Universidade Nova de Lisboa6, Lahore University of Management Sciences7, Institute for Fiscal Studies8, Stockholm School of Economics9, Ghent University10, Alternatives11, Trinity College, Dublin12, Cornell University13, University of Illinois at Chicago14, New York University Abu Dhabi15, Princeton University16, Stockholm University17, Tufts University18, Northwestern University19, London School of Economics and Political Science20
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering ten low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country), and the United States, using survey responses from 44,260 individuals.
Abstract: We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country), and the United States, using survey responses from 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in LMIC samples (80% on average) compared to the United States (65%) and Russia (30%). Vaccine acceptance was primarily explained by an interest in personal protection against COVID-19, while concern about side effects was the most commonly expressed reason for reluctance. Health workers were the most trusted sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines. Our findings suggest that prioritizing vaccine distribution to LMICs should yield high returns in promoting global immunization coverage, and that vaccination campaigns in these countries should focus on translating acceptance into uptake. Messaging highlighting vaccine efficacy and safety, delivered by healthcare workers, may be most effective in addressing remaining hesitancy.
63 citations
TL;DR: Analyzing network structures for different regions, the results suggest that universal benchmarking of SDGs is counterproductive and it may be useful to identify a specific community of SDG targets, and use them as a guide to prioritize certain goals in different regions.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the performance outcomes of four innovation strategies based upon combinations of development and commercialization activities, i.e., the proprietary, outbound, inbound and third-party strategies, and their evolution over time.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a systematic map that catalogues existing research on behaviorally informed interventions targeting changes in consumer food consumption and food waste behavior and identify knowledge clusters amenable for a systematic review focusing on the effectiveness of these interventions.
47 citations
Martin Schweinsberg1, Michael Feldman2, Nicola Staub2, Olmo van den Akker3 +175 more•Institutions (121)
TL;DR: DataExplained as discussed by the authors is a crowdsourced initiative that allows independent analysts to test two hypotheses regarding the effects of scientists' gender and professional status on verbosity during group meetings using the same dataset.
46 citations
TL;DR: This article showed that sound banks pass negative rates on to their corporate depositors and that pass-through is not impaired when policy rates move into negative territory, and that firms with ex ante high liquidity invest more than comparable firms that are not charged negative rates and increase their liquid holdings less.
44 citations
University of Tübingen1, University of Aberdeen2, Max Planck Society3, University of Sheffield4, University of Dundee5, Dresden University of Technology6, Manchester Metropolitan University7, University of Miami8, Heidelberg University9, University of Münster10, University of South Florida11, University of Birmingham12, Stockholm School of Economics13, Université de Montréal14, University of Stuttgart15, University of Plymouth16, Bournemouth University17, Complutense University of Madrid18, Radboud University Nijmegen19, University of Toronto20, Australian National University21, University of Winchester22, National Research University – Higher School of Economics23, Humboldt University of Berlin24, University of Cambridge25, University of Florida26, University of Hamburg27, University of Leeds28, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg29, University of Pittsburgh30, University of Zurich31, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich32, Autonomous University of Madrid33, Texas A&M University34, Tel Aviv University35, University of Mainz36, University of Texas of the Permian Basin37, Stockholm University38, Technical University of Madrid39, Ruhr University Bochum40, University of Edinburgh41, Ghent University42, University of Glasgow43, University of Texas at Tyler44, Monash University Malaysia Campus45, Jagiellonian University46, University of Nevada, Las Vegas47, University of Oslo48, Florida Atlantic University49, University of Groningen50, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven51, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics52, Russian Academy53
TL;DR: The #EEGManyLabs project as discussed by the authors is a large-scale international collaborative replication effort that aims to evaluate the replicability of EEG findings about the relationship between brain activity and cognitive phenomena.
43 citations
New York University1, VU University Amsterdam2, National Bureau of Economic Research3, Columbia University4, Uppsala University5, Duke University6, University of Otago7, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill8, University College London9, King's College London10, University of Tartu11, Broad Institute12, University of Minnesota13, Karolinska Institutet14, University of Texas at Austin15, Georgetown University16, Stanford University17, University of Southern California18, George Mason University19, University of Wisconsin-Madison20, Stockholm School of Economics21, University of Queensland22, Geisinger Health System23, Harvard University24, University of California, Los Angeles25
TL;DR: A theoretical framework is presented to help interpret analyses involving PGIs and it is revealed that a PGI can be understood as an unbiased but noisy measure of a latent variable the authors call the “additive SNP factor.”
Abstract: Polygenic indexes (PGIs) are DNA-based predictors. Their value for research in many scientific disciplines is rapidly growing. As a resource for researchers, we used a consistent methodology to construct PGIs for 47 phenotypes in 11 datasets. To maximize the PGIs’ prediction accuracies, we constructed them using genome-wide association studies—some of which are novel—from multiple data sources, including 23andMe and UK Biobank. We present a theoretical framework to help interpret analyses involving PGIs. A key insight is that a PGI can be understood as an unbiased but noisy measure of a latent variable we call the “additive SNP factor.” Regressions in which the true regressor is the additive SNP factor but the PGI is used as its proxy therefore suffer from errors-in-variables bias. We derive an estimator that corrects for the bias, illustrate the correction, and make a Python tool for implementing it publicly available.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors adopt micro-foundations perspective and study how goal orientations of employees affect their individual-level absorptive capacity, which would in turn shape collective innovative performance, and examine conditions under which individuals' absorptive capacities can efficiently aggregate and leads to increased collective innovation performance.
New York University1, VU University Amsterdam2, National Bureau of Economic Research3, Columbia University4, Uppsala University5, Duke University6, University of Otago7, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill8, University College London9, King's College London10, University of Tartu11, Broad Institute12, University of Minnesota13, Karolinska Institutet14, University of Texas at Austin15, Georgetown University16, Stanford University17, University of California, Los Angeles18, George Mason University19, University of Wisconsin-Madison20, Stockholm School of Economics21, University of Queensland22, Geisinger Health System23, Harvard University24, University of Southern California25
TL;DR: In this article, the additive SNP factor was used as a proxy for the PGI to correct the errors-in-variables bias in the regression model, and an estimator that corrects the bias was presented.
Abstract: Polygenic indexes (PGIs) are DNA-based predictors. Their value for research in many scientific disciplines is growing rapidly. As a resource for researchers, we used a consistent methodology to construct PGIs for 47 phenotypes in 11 datasets. To maximize the PGIs' prediction accuracies, we constructed them using genome-wide association studies-some not previously published-from multiple data sources, including 23andMe and UK Biobank. We present a theoretical framework to help interpret analyses involving PGIs. A key insight is that a PGI can be understood as an unbiased but noisy measure of a latent variable we call the 'additive SNP factor'. Regressions in which the true regressor is this factor but the PGI is used as its proxy therefore suffer from errors-in-variables bias. We derive an estimator that corrects for the bias, illustrate the correction, and make a Python tool for implementing it publicly available.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors exploit China's anti-corruption campaign to identify the channels through which corruption hampers firm performance and show that following a decrease in corruption, firm performance improves.
Abstract: Exploiting China’s anti-corruption campaign, we show that following a decrease in corruption, firm performance improves. Small and young firms benefit more. We identify the channels through which corruption hampers firm performance. Following the anti-corruption campaign, the allocation of capital and labor becomes more efficient. Firms operating in ex ante more corrupt environments experience larger productivity gains, higher growth of sales, and lower cost of debt than other firms. Taken together, our results suggest that corruption is an inefficient equilibrium for an economy because it creates negative externalities.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a comprehensive analysis of the short and medium-term effects of gender quotas in candidate lists using evidence from local elections in Spain, and they find that quotas increased the share of women in candidates lists by around 8 p.p.
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated learning model developed by entrepreneurship scholars through collaborations with practitioners is presented to support and encourage entrepreneurship within regional ecosystems, and the authors argue that learning and the pro-active support thereof are crucial within an entrepreneurial ecosystem and should be fully considered within theoretical frameworks and policy blueprints.
Abstract: This paper considers a concept gaining popularity: entrepreneurial ecosystems. It finds a significant lacuna in the concept as it stands as it does not sufficiently consider learning within regional ecosystems. Considering the established centrality of learning for entrepreneurial activity and regional development, it is surprising that the entrepreneurial ecosystem literature does not yet incorporate how learning occurs in time and space within regional ecosystems. This paper presents research conducted in the North West of England over (20) years examining programmes to support entrepreneurial and regional development. It argues that learning, and the pro-active support thereof, is crucial within an entrepreneurial ecosystem and should be fully considered within theoretical frameworks and policy blueprints designed to support and encourage entrepreneurship within regions. As a tangible suggestion of how to theoretically incorporate learning into entrepreneurship ecosystem development efforts, we present an integrated learning model developed by entrepreneurship scholars through collaborations with practitioners.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate how the emergence of fintech start-ups and their financing is shaped by regional knowledge creation and lack of trust in financial services incumbents across 21 OECD countries, 226 regions and over the 2007-2014 period.
Abstract: We investigate how the emergence of fintech start-ups and their financing is shaped by regional knowledge creation and lack of trust in financial services incumbents across 21 OECD countries, 226 regions and over the 2007–2014 period. We find that knowledge generated in the IT sector is much more salient for fostering new fintech start-ups than knowledge generated in the financial services sector. Additionally, the importance of new knowledge created in the financial services sector (IT sector) increases (decreases) as fintech start-ups grow and seek financing. When the level of trust in financial services incumbents falls within a region, this is followed by an increase in the financing provided to fintech start-ups. Nevertheless, regions with historically low average levels of trust in financial services incumbents attract less fintech investment overall.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate talk-action dynamics in the context of organizations, focusing in particular on situations where the talk concerns complex organizational aspirations, that is, situations where people are concerned with complex organizational goals.
Abstract: This paper investigates talk–action dynamics in the context of organizations, focusing in particular on situations where the talk concerns complex organizational aspirations, that is, situations wh...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the potential of digitalization to disrupt many service industries, such as B2C. This is already evident in industries offering standardized business-to-consumer services.
Abstract: Digitalization has the potential to disrupt many service industries. This is already evident in industries offering standardized business-to-consumer services. Even knowledge-intensive business-to-...
TL;DR: In this paper, the adoption of the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) by asset owners during five crucial years of the association's emergence was investigated and it was found that normative and cultural-cognitive factors were crucial contributors to the PRI's growth.
Abstract: From a simple idea to unite asset owners in their quest for responsible investment (RI) at its launch in April 2006, the United Nations supported Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) have grown in just one decade into an initiative with more than 1500 fee-paying signatories. Jointly, the PRI’s signatories hold assets worth more than $80 trillion, making it one of the more prevalent not-for-profit organizations worldwide. Furthermore, the PRI’s ambitious mission to transform the financial system at large into a more sustainable one makes it a worthwhile subject of inquiry from an institutional perspective. We undertake an empirical investigation of the adoption of the PRI by asset owners during five crucial years of the association’s emergence: 2007–2011. Following a tripartite view of institutional theory proposed by Scott (Institutions and organizations. Foundations for organizational science, A Sage Publication Series, London, 1995), we explore if regulative, normative, and cultural–cognitive factors influence an asset owner’s decision to subscribe to the PRI. Applying both parametric and non-parametric survival analysis, we find that asset owners are indeed significantly affected by normative, cultural–cognitive, and regulative aspects. In particular, (i) public service employee and labor union pension funds (ii) from social backgrounds more culturally aligned with values represented by the RI movement (iii) with historically more voluntary legislation on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues are most likely to sign the PRI. In contrast, institutional environments with a higher number of pre-existing mandatory ESG regulation decrease the likelihood of signing the PRI. Our results indicate that normative and cultural–cognitive factors were crucial contributors to the PRI’s growth. With respect to the regulative environments, our results imply that some asset owners may use the PRI as a collective industry initiative to substitute for mandatory legislation. Conversely, a high level of historical mandatory legislation may constrain organizational resources that could otherwise be dedicated to voluntary initiatives such as PRI. Our findings are robust to relevant controls and econometric concerns.
TL;DR: In this article, an ethics of creative and circular frugality is proposed and support for research that champions everyday entrepreneurs, and challenges dominant ideal types, in order to re-position entrepreneurship as a connective, heterotopic, engaged and transdisciplinary ecotone; rich, diverse, and embedded in the in-between.
Abstract: Entrepreneurs create our tomorrows and we have a responsibility to comprehend as well as appreciate what they do. A repositioning of entrepreneurship scholarship is essential, if we are to fulfil our purpose, enact our principles, and engage fully with the peoples, places and processes of entrepreneuring’s edgy ecotones. We argue for embracing the biosphere, and exploring the in-between. We confirm the need for research that champions everyday entrepreneurs, and challenges dominant ideal types. We propose and support an ethics of creative and circular frugality. To achieve these consistent and coherent aims, it is time for entrepreneurship to re-position as a connective, heterotopic, engaged and transdisciplinary ecotone; rich, diverse, and embedded in the in-between.
TL;DR: In this article, the extent of alignment between the formal and hidden curricula in responsible management education (RME) education was analyzed based on case study evidence of a school that has signed the United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME).
Abstract: This exploratory study analyzes the extent of alignment between the formal and hidden curricula in responsible management education (RME). Based on case study evidence of a school that has signed the United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME), we found poor alignment between the school’s explicit RME claims and students’ lived experiences. While the formal curriculum signaled to students that RME was important, the school’s hidden curriculum sent a number of tacit messages that led students to question the relevance and applicability of responsible management. The tacit messages that students received occurred along three “message sites” related to (a) how the formal curriculum was delivered, (b) how students and lecturers interacted, and (c) how the school was governed. On the basis of these findings we develop a proposition that can guide further research in this area, i.e., the connotative level of language use is an important site of misalignments between what lecturers say in relation to RME (e.g., in a syllabus) and how students interpret the meaning of their lecturers’ words. We also discuss further implications of our findings for strengthening the alignment between schools’ formal RME claims and their hidden curriculum.
TL;DR: In this article, the antecedents of crowdfunding success have been investigated and the results have produced divergent results by applying the following methods: 1) Extant research on crowdfunding antecedent studies, e.g.,
Abstract: Crowdfunding has emerged as an important alternative financing tool for entrepreneurs. Extant research on the antecedents of crowdfunding success have produced divergent results. By applying the cr...
TL;DR: This paper found that better access to debt markets shields firms from fluctuations in uncertainty and decreases firms' precautionary behavior, contributing to the deployment of cash and other internal resources to investment in intangible capital.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how next generation members in family owned businesses engage in external venturing, drawing on an Entrepreneurship as Practice (EaP) approach.
Abstract: Drawing on an Entrepreneurship as Practice (EaP) approach, this article examines how next generation members in family owned businesses (FOBs) engage in external venturing. Our study builds on long ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors exploit the randomized assignment of lottery prizes in a large administrative Swedish data set to estimate the causal effect of wealth on stock market participation, finding that a $150,000 windfall gain increases the stock market participant probability by 12 percentage points among non-participants but has no discernible effect on pre-lottery stock owners.
TL;DR: The authors examined the social influence of the servant leadership of individuals who are not in a supervisory position, and provided a new perspective on servant leadership research by examining the influence of individuals not in supervisory positions.
Technical University of Berlin1, University of Leeds2, University of Sussex3, Carleton University4, Murdoch University5, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna6, Eötvös Loránd University7, IFP School8, University of London9, Stockholm School of Economics10, Mines ParisTech11, University of Port Harcourt12, Asian Institute of Technology13, Jadavpur University14, Tsinghua University15, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis16, University of East Anglia17
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify a plausible body of literature capturing a comprehensive spectrum of demand, services and social aspects of climate change mitigation, and they use a double-stacked expert (machine learning research architecture and expert evaluation) to develop a typology and map the key messages relevant for climate change mitigating within this body.
Abstract: As current action remains insufficient to meet the goals of the Paris agreement let alone to stabilize the climate, there is increasing hope that solutions related to demand, services and social aspects of climate change mitigation can close the gap. However, given these topics are not investigated by a single epistemic community, the literature base underpinning the associated research continues to be undefined. Here, we aim to delineate a plausible body of literature capturing a comprehensive spectrum of demand, services and social aspects of climate change mitigation. As method we use a novel double-stacked expert—machine learning research architecture and expert evaluation to develop a typology and map key messages relevant for climate change mitigation within this body of literature. First, relying on the official key words provided to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change by governments (across 17 queries), and on specific investigations of domain experts (27 queries), we identify 121 165 non-unique and 99 065 unique academic publications covering issues relevant for demand-side mitigation. Second, we identify a literature typology with four key clusters: policy, housing, mobility, and food/consumption. Third, we systematically extract key content-based insights finding that the housing literature emphasizes social and collective action, whereas the food/consumption literatures highlight behavioral change, but insights also demonstrate the dynamic relationship between behavioral change and social norms. All clusters point to the possibility of improved public health as a result of demand-side solutions. The centrality of the policy cluster suggests that political actions are what bring the different specific approaches together. Fourth, by mapping the underlying epistemic communities we find that researchers are already highly interconnected, glued together by common interests in sustainability and energy demand. We conclude by outlining avenues for interdisciplinary collaboration, synthetic analysis, community building, and by suggesting next steps for evaluating this body of literature.
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to assess virtual agents' display of happiness in service encounters when the only means they have to express themselves is the text that they transmit and found that perceived VA happiness is positively associated with overall VA evaluations.
Stockholm Resilience Centre1, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences2, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic3, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs4, Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa5, Global Environment Facility6, World Bank7, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research8, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute9, International Center for Tropical Agriculture10, Stockholm School of Economics11, International Water Management Institute12, Food and Agriculture Organization13
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the most vulnerable and fragile regions of the world to reverse the alarming trend of rising food insecurity, which requires transformations towards just, sustainable and healthy food systems.
Abstract: Reversing the alarming trend of rising food insecurity requires transformations towards just, sustainable and healthy food systems with an explicit focus on the most vulnerable and fragile regions.