Institution
Stockholm University
Education•Stockholm, Sweden•
About: Stockholm University is a education organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 21052 authors who have published 62567 publications receiving 2725859 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Stockholm & Stockholms universitet.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Galaxy, Supernova, Catalysis
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: ProQ is developed, a neural‐network‐based method to predict the quality of a protein model that extracts structural features, such as frequency of atom–atom contacts, and predicts thequality of a model, as measured either by LGscore or MaxSub, and shows that ProQ performs at least as well as other measures when identifying the native structure and is better at the detection of correct models.
Abstract: The ability to separate correct models of protein structures from less correct models is of the greatest importance for protein structure prediction methods. Several studies have examined the ability of different types of energy function to detect the native, or native-like, protein structure from a large set of decoys. In contrast to earlier studies, we examine here the ability to detect models that only show limited structural similarity to the native structure. These correct models are defined by the existence of a fragment that shows significant similarity between this model and the native structure. It has been shown that the existence of such fragments is useful for comparing the performance between different fold recognition methods and that this performance correlates well with performance in fold recognition. We have developed ProQ, a neural-network-based method to predict the quality of a protein model that extracts structural features, such as frequency of atom-atom contacts, and predicts the quality of a model, as measured either by LGscore or MaxSub. We show that ProQ performs at least as well as other measures when identifying the native structure and is better at the detection of correct models. This performance is maintained over several different test sets. ProQ can also be combined with the Pcons fold recognition predictor (Pmodeller) to increase its performance, with the main advantage being the elimination of a few high-scoring incorrect models. Pmodeller was successful in CASP5 and results from the latest LiveBench, LiveBench-6, indicating that Pmodeller has a higher specificity than Pcons alone.
695 citations
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Queen's University Belfast1, Max Planck Society2, California Institute of Technology3, University College Dublin4, University of Southampton5, University of Hawaii6, University of Copenhagen7, Weizmann Institute of Science8, University of Warwick9, University of Edinburgh10, Millennium Institute11, Andrés Bello National University12, European Southern Observatory13, Liverpool John Moores University14, Stockholm University15, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile16, Space Science Institute17, University of Padua18, INAF19, Radboud University Nijmegen20, Netherlands Institute for Space Research21, Spanish National Research Council22, Centre national de la recherche scientifique23, University of Chile24, University of Portsmouth25, University of Pittsburgh26, Instituto Superior Técnico27, University of Warsaw28, University of Turku29, University of Iceland30, Valparaiso University31, University of Cambridge32, Lancaster University33, Humboldt University of Berlin34, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies35, Heidelberg University36, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris37, University of Oxford38, University of Catania39, Space Telescope Science Institute40, Johns Hopkins University41, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics42, University of New South Wales43, Australian National University44, Harvard University45, University of the Free State46, Northwestern University47, University of Minnesota48
TL;DR: Observations and physical modelling of a rapidly fading electromagnetic transient in the galaxy NGC 4993, which is spatially coincident with GW170817, indicate that neutron-star mergers produce gravitational waves and radioactively powered kilonovae, and are a nucleosynthetic source of the r-process elements.
Abstract: Gravitational waves were discovered with the detection of binary black-hole mergers and they should also be detectable from lower-mass neutron-star mergers. These are predicted to eject material rich in heavy radioactive isotopes that can power an electromagnetic signal. This signal is luminous at optical and infrared wavelengths and is called a kilonova. The gravitational-wave source GW170817 arose from a binary neutron-star merger in the nearby Universe with a relatively well confined sky position and distance estimate. Here we report observations and physical modelling of a rapidly fading electromagnetic transient in the galaxy NGC 4993, which is spatially coincident with GW170817 and with a weak, short γ-ray burst. The transient has physical parameters that broadly match the theoretical predictions of blue kilonovae from neutron-star mergers. The emitted electromagnetic radiation can be explained with an ejected mass of 0.04 ± 0.01 solar masses, with an opacity of less than 0.5 square centimetres per gram, at a velocity of 0.2 ± 0.1 times light speed. The power source is constrained to have a power-law slope of -1.2 ± 0.3, consistent with radioactive powering from r-process nuclides. (The r-process is a series of neutron capture reactions that synthesise many of the elements heavier than iron.) We identify line features in the spectra that are consistent with light r-process elements (atomic masses of 90-140). As it fades, the transient rapidly becomes red, and a higher-opacity, lanthanide-rich ejecta component may contribute to the emission. This indicates that neutron-star mergers produce gravitational waves and radioactively powered kilonovae, and are a nucleosynthetic source of the r-process elements.
695 citations
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TL;DR: These findings could lead to new uses for mesoporous silica and other chiral pore materials in, for example, catalysis and separation media, where both shape selectivity and enantioselectivity can be applied to the manufacturing of enantiomerically pure chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Abstract: Chirality is widely expressed in organic materials, perhaps most notably in biological molecules such as DNA, and in proteins, owing to the homochirality of their components (d-sugars and l-amino acids). But the occurrence of large-scale chiral pores in inorganic materials is rare1. Although some progress has been made in strategies to synthesize helical and chiral zeolite-like materials1,2,3, the synthesis of enantiomerically pure mesoporous materials is a challenge that remains unsolved4. Here we report the surfactant-templated synthesis of ordered chiral mesoporous silica, together with a general approach for the structural analysis of chiral mesoporous crystals by electron microscopy. The material that we have synthesized has a twisted hexagonal rod-like morphology, with diameter 130–180 nm and length 1–6 µm. Transmission electron microscopy combined with computer simulations confirm the presence of hexagonally ordered chiral channels of 2.2 nm diameter winding around the central axis of the rods. Our findings could lead to new uses for mesoporous silica and other chiral pore materials in, for example, catalysis and separation media, where both shape selectivity and enantioselectivity5 can be applied to the manufacturing of enantiomerically pure chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
694 citations
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TL;DR: Present-day species richness of long-lived vascular plant specialists was better explained by past than current landscape patterns, indicating an extinction debt, while short-lived butterfly specialists showed no evidence for an extinction Debt at a time scale of c.
Abstract: Intensification or abandonment of agricultural land use has led to a severe decline of semi-natural habitats across Europe. This can cause immediate loss of species but also time-delayed extinctions, known as the extinction debt. In a pan-European study of 147 fragmented grassland remnants, we found differences in the extinction debt of species from different trophic levels. Present-day species richness of long-lived vascular plant specialists was better explained by past than current landscape patterns, indicating an extinction debt. In contrast, short-lived butterfly specialists showed no evidence for an extinction debt at a time scale of c. 40 years. Our results indicate that management strategies maintaining the status quo of fragmented habitats are insufficient, as time-delayed extinctions and associated co-extinctions will lead to further biodiversity loss in the future.
694 citations
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TL;DR: The aim of this literature review is to outline and discuss the important roles and functions of siderophores in different environmental habitats and emphasize the significant roles that these small organic molecules could play in applied environmental processes.
Abstract: Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms and plants growing under low iron conditions. The primary function of these compounds is to chelate ...
692 citations
Authors
Showing all 21326 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Hongjie Dai | 197 | 570 | 182579 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Richard S. Ellis | 169 | 882 | 136011 |
Stanley B. Prusiner | 168 | 745 | 97528 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Bengt Winblad | 153 | 1240 | 101064 |
Zhenwei Yang | 150 | 956 | 109344 |
Marvin Johnson | 149 | 1827 | 119520 |
Jan-Åke Gustafsson | 147 | 1058 | 98804 |
Markus Ackermann | 146 | 610 | 71071 |
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Markku Kulmala | 142 | 1487 | 85179 |
Kjell Fuxe | 142 | 1479 | 89846 |