Institution
Stockholm University
Education•Stockholm, Sweden•
About: Stockholm University is a education organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Supernova. The organization has 21052 authors who have published 62567 publications receiving 2725859 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Stockholm & Stockholms universitet.
Topics: Population, Supernova, Galaxy, Large Hadron Collider, Arctic
Papers published on a yearly basis
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California Institute of Technology1, Tel Aviv University2, Goddard Space Flight Center3, University of Maryland, College Park4, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee5, Stockholm University6, Princeton University7, Liverpool John Moores University8, National Central University9, Hebrew University of Jerusalem10, University of Sydney11, Australian Research Council12, Indian Institute of Astrophysics13, Indian Institute of Science14, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation15, University of Colorado Boulder16, Columbia University17, University of Washington18, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay19, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics20, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory21, University of California, Berkeley22, George Washington University23, Texas Tech University24, University College London25, University of Leicester26, Space Telescope Science Institute27, National Radio Astronomy Observatory28, University of Portsmouth29, University of Southampton30, Radboud University Nijmegen31, Tokyo Institute of Technology32, Max Planck Society33, Northwestern University34, Adler Planetarium35, University of Oxford36, Weizmann Institute of Science37, San Diego State University38, Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe39, University of California, Merced40
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that merging neutron stars are a long-sought production site forging heavy elements by r-process nucleosynthesis, which is dissimilar to classical short gamma-ray bursts with ultrarelativistic jets.
Abstract: Merging neutron stars offer an excellent laboratory for simultaneously studying strong-field gravity and matter in extreme environments. We establish the physical association of an electromagnetic counterpart (EM170817) with gravitational waves (GW170817) detected from merging neutron stars. By synthesizing a panchromatic data set, we demonstrate that merging neutron stars are a long-sought production site forging heavy elements by r-process nucleosynthesis. The weak gamma rays seen in EM170817 are dissimilar to classical short gamma-ray bursts with ultrarelativistic jets. Instead, we suggest that breakout of a wide-angle, mildly relativistic cocoon engulfing the jet explains the low-luminosity gamma rays, the high-luminosity ultraviolet-optical-infrared, and the delayed radio and x-ray emission. We posit that all neutron star mergers may lead to a wide-angle cocoon breakout, sometimes accompanied by a successful jet and sometimes by a choked jet.
579 citations
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TL;DR: A thermochromic solar cell for smart photovoltaic window applications utilizing the structural phase transitions in inorganic halide perovskite caesium lead iodide/bromide is demonstrated.
Abstract: Smart photovoltaic windows represent a promising green technology featuring tunable transparency and electrical power generation under external stimuli to control the light transmission and manage the solar energy. Here, we demonstrate a thermochromic solar cell for smart photovoltaic window applications utilizing the structural phase transitions in inorganic halide perovskite caesium lead iodide/bromide. The solar cells undergo thermally-driven, moisture-mediated reversible transitions between a transparent non-perovskite phase (81.7% visible transparency) with low power output and a deeply coloured perovskite phase (35.4% visible transparency) with high power output. The inorganic perovskites exhibit tunable colours and transparencies, a peak device efficiency above 7%, and a phase transition temperature as low as 105 °C. We demonstrate excellent device stability over repeated phase transition cycles without colour fade or performance degradation. The photovoltaic windows showing both photoactivity and thermochromic features represent key stepping-stones for integration with buildings, automobiles, information displays, and potentially many other technologies.
578 citations
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TL;DR: The results demonstrated that women consistently performed at a higher level than did men on the episodic memory tasks, although there were no differences between men and women on the tasks assessing semantic memory, primary memory, or priming.
Abstract: The relationship between gender and memory has been largely neglected by research, despite occasional studies reporting gender differences in episodic memory performance. The present study examined potential gender differences in episodic memory, semantic memory, primary memory, and priming. Five hundred thirty women and 470 men, randomly sampled from the city of Umea, Sweden, 35–80 years of age, participated in the study. There were no differences between men and women with regard to age or education, or on a measure of global intellectual functioning. As has been demonstrated previously, men outperformed women on a visuospatial task and women outperformed men on tests of verbal fluency. In addition, the results demonstrated that women consistently performed at a higher level than did men on the episodic memory tasks, although there were no differences between men and women on the tasks assessing semantic memory, primary memory, or priming. The women’s higher level of performance on the episodic memory tasks could not be fully explained by their higher verbal ability.
578 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore nucleosynthesis in the dynamic ejecta of compact binary mergers and compare the results with those from two simulations of a neutron star black hole merger.
Abstract: In this study we explore nucleosynthesis in the dynamic ejecta of compact binary mergers. We are particularly interested in the question how sensitive the resulting abundance patterns are to the parameters of the merging system. Therefore, we systematically investigate combinations of neutron star masses in the range from 1.0 to 2.0 M? and, for completeness, we compare the results with those from two simulations of a neutron star black hole merger. The ejecta masses vary by a factor of 5 for the studied systems, but all amounts are (within the uncertainties of the merger rates) compatible with being a major source of the cosmic r-process. The ejecta undergo robust r-process nucleosynthesis which produces all the elements from the second to the third peak in close-to-solar ratios. Most strikingly, this r-process is extremely robust, and all 23 investigated binary systems yield practically identical abundance patterns. This is mainly the result of the ejecta being extremely neutron rich (Ye similar to 0.04) and the r-process path meandering along the neutron drip line so that the abundances are determined entirely by nuclear rather than astrophysical properties. While further questions related to galactic chemical evolution need to be explored in future studies, we consider this robustness together with the ease with which both the second and third peak are reproduced as strong indications that compact binary mergers are prime candidates for the sources of the observed unique heavy r-process component.
577 citations
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TL;DR: By introducing age and activity heterogeneities into population models for SARS-CoV-2, herd immunity can be achieved at a population-wide infection rate of ∼40%, considerably lower than previous estimates.
Abstract: Despite various levels of preventive measures, in 2020 many countries have suffered severely from the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus We show that population heterogeneity can significantly impact disease-induced immunity as the proportion infected in groups with the highest contact rates is greater than in groups with low contact rates We estimate that if R0 = 25 in an age-structured community with mixing rates fitted to social activity then the disease-induced herd immunity level can be around 43%, which is substantially less than the classical herd immunity level of 60% obtained through homogeneous immunization of the population Our estimates should be interpreted as an illustration of how population heterogeneity affects herd immunity, rather than an exact value or even a best estimate
574 citations
Authors
Showing all 21326 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Hongjie Dai | 197 | 570 | 182579 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Richard S. Ellis | 169 | 882 | 136011 |
Stanley B. Prusiner | 168 | 745 | 97528 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Bengt Winblad | 153 | 1240 | 101064 |
Zhenwei Yang | 150 | 956 | 109344 |
Marvin Johnson | 149 | 1827 | 119520 |
Jan-Åke Gustafsson | 147 | 1058 | 98804 |
Markus Ackermann | 146 | 610 | 71071 |
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Markku Kulmala | 142 | 1487 | 85179 |
Kjell Fuxe | 142 | 1479 | 89846 |