Sun Yat-sen University

About: Sun Yat-sen University is a education organization based out in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 115149 authors who have published 113763 publications receiving 2286465 citations. The organization is also known as: Zhongshan University & SYSU.

Clades of huge phages from across Earth’s ecosystems

Abstract: Bacteriophages typically have small genomes1 and depend on their bacterial hosts for replication2. Here we sequenced DNA from diverse ecosystems and found hundreds of phage genomes with lengths of more than 200 kilobases (kb), including a genome of 735 kb, which is-to our knowledge-the largest phage genome to be described to date. Thirty-five genomes were manually curated to completion (circular and no gaps). Expanded genetic repertoires include diverse and previously undescribed CRISPR-Cas systems, transfer RNAs (tRNAs), tRNA synthetases, tRNA-modification enzymes, translation-initiation and elongation factors, and ribosomal proteins. The CRISPR-Cas systems of phages have the capacity to silence host transcription factors and translational genes, potentially as part of a larger interaction network that intercepts translation to redirect biosynthesis to phage-encoded functions. In addition, some phages may repurpose bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems to eliminate competing phages. We phylogenetically define the major clades of huge phages from human and other animal microbiomes, as well as from oceans, lakes, sediments, soils and the built environment. We conclude that the large gene inventories of huge phages reflect a conserved biological strategy, and that the phages are distributed across a broad bacterial host range and across Earth's ecosystems.

Psychological Research on Retirement

Abstract: Retirement as a research topic has become increasingly prominent in the psychology literature. This article provides a review of both theoretical development and empirical findings in this literature in the past two decades. We first discuss psychological conceptualizations of retirement and empirical operationalizations of retirement status. We then review three psychological models for understanding the retirement process and associated antecedents and outcomes, including the temporal process model of retirement, the multilevel model of retirement, and the resource-based dynamic model for retirement adjustment. We next survey the empirical findings regarding how various individual attributes, job and organizational factors, family factors, and socioeconomic context are related to the retirement process. We also discuss outcomes associated with retirement in terms of retirees' financial well-being, physical well-being, and psychological well-being.

Clinical Patterns and Characteristics of Uveitis in a Tertiary Center for Uveitis in China

Abstract: Purpose: To address the clinical pattern and characteristics of uveitis in a tertiary center for uveitis in China and compare the similarity and difference in the distribution of uveitis entities between China and other countries Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the patients with uveitis referred to the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 1996 to December 2003 The clinical data including category, etiology, gender, and the age of the patients at uveitis presentation were analyzed and compared with studies published previously from other countries Results: There were 902 male and 850 female patients in our series The mean age of these patients at uveitis presentation was 338 ± 165 years Anterior uveitis (800, 456%) was the most common anatomical entity, followed by panuveitis (727, 415%), posterior uveitis (119, 68%), and intermediate uveitis (106, 61%) Further classification with the etiology criteria revealed 16 entities in anterior uveitis, with idiopathic anterior uveiti

A novel Z-scheme Ag3VO4/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalyst: study on the excellent photocatalytic performance and photocatalytic mechanism

Abstract: A A novel three-dimensional microspheres mediator-free Z-scheme Ag3VO4/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully obtained for the first time. The photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared photocatalyst was systematically examined via the photocatalytic reduction of Cr6+ and oxidation of Bisphenol S under visible-light irradiation. Among these samples, 0.24-Ag3VO4/BiVO4 exhibits the highest photocatalytic performances, the photocatalytic reduction and oxidation efficiency of 74.9 and 94.8%, respectively, can be achieved. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is attributed to the build-in electric field assisted charge transfer between the Ag3VO4 and BiVO4, and the increasing lifetime of the charge carrier confirmed by the results of time-resolved fluorescence spectra and photoelectrochemical measures. Moreover, based on the results of free radical scavenging activity test, and EPR experiments, it has been verified that the Ag3VO4/BiVO4 heterostructures follow a typical Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism rather than conventional type-II heterojunction charge transfer mechanism. Furthermore, the theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanism was also supported, while the energy band structure, and Fermi level were systematically calculated using the density functional theory approach. The results show that a built-in electric field directed from Ag3VO4 to BiVO4 surface was established as an equalized Fermi level was reached, which benefits the separation of photogenerated charge carriers in the way of a Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. The strategy to form the three-dimensional microspheres Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst may offer new insight into the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism for applications in the field of solar energy conversion.