Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

About: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre is a healthcare organization based out in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Breast cancer. The organization has 7689 authors who have published 15236 publications receiving 523019 citations. The organization is also known as: Sunnybrook.

Modeling early recovery of physical function following hip and knee arthroplasty

Abstract: Background Information on early recovery after arthroplasty is needed to help benchmark progress and make appropriate decisions concerning patient rehabilitation needs The purpose of this study was to model early recovery of physical function in patients undergoing total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty, using physical performance and self-report measures

Cell adhesion and drug resistance in cancer.

Abstract: The impact of cell adhesion in the pathobiology of tumors has been studied almost exclusively in the context of invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Here we review data supporting a major role for cell-cell adhesion in the regulation of intrinsic or acquired resistance of solid tumors to various anticancer therapeutics. Cell-cell interactions are known to protect cells from apoptosis, and may help to explain chemoresistance of solid tumors. Recent data implicates p27KIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, as a possible mediator of adhesion-dependent drug resistance. A model is described whereby cell-cell interactions signal the upregulation of p27, which in turn causes growth arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and resistance to apoptosis induced by anticancer agents that target rapidly dividing cells. We focus on E-cadherin, a homophilic cell-cell adhesion molecule capable of upregulating p27, as one potential mediator of intrinsic resistance of carcinomas. A clearer understanding of how cell-cell adhesion suppresses cell growth and apoptosis should aid in the development of novel, more effective anticancer strategies.

Treatment of early-stage glottic cancer: meta-analysis comparison of laser excision versus radiotherapy.

Abstract: Objectifs: L'etude avait pour objectif principal de comparer, par meta-analyse, les resultats de l'evolution oncologique du rayonnement externe (RE) avec ceux de l'exerese chirurgicale au laser transbuccal (LTB) dans le traitement du cancer de la glotte au stade initial, et, pour objectif secondaire, d'evaluer la qualite de la voix apres le traitement. Type d'etude: Il s'agit d'une meta-analyse. Methode: Nous avons effectue une recherche methodique afin de relever des donnees publiees et non publiees. Deux examinateurs ont lu tous les titres et tous les resumes pour juger de leur pertinence, puis ont evalue, chacun de leur cote, tous les articles. Les etudes retenues etaient de type retrospectif. Principaux criteres d'evaluation: Les principaux criteres etaient le confinement local, la survie generale, la survie sans laryngectomie et la qualite de la voix apres le traitement. Resultats: En ce qui concerne le confinement oncologique, nous avons mis en commun les series de cas pour former un groupe mixte a l'aide d'un modele a effets aleatoires. L'analyse a porte sur plus de 7600 patients. Les risques relatifs approches (RRA) et les intervalles de confiance (IC) a 95% ont ete calcules en groupe. II n'y avait pas d'ecart statistiquement significatif entre la chirurgie au LTB et le RE au regard du confinement local (RRA: 0.81; IC a 95%: 0.51-1.3) et de la survie sans laryngectomie (RRA: 0.73; IC a 95%: 0.39-1.35). Pour ce qui est de la survie generale, l'analyse favorisait la chirurgie au LTB (RRA: 1.48 ; IC a 95%: 1.19-1.85). Quant a la qualite de la voix, il n'y avait pas de difference objective, mais des donnees tendaient a montrer la superiorite du RE. Conclusion: Il s'agit de la premiere etude a avoir examine le traitement du cancer de la glotte au stade initial selon une demarche meta-analytique. L'examen des donnees revele, malgre une tendance favorable a la chirurgie au LTB sur le plan de la survie generale, l'absence de difference sensible entre la chirurgie au LTB et le RE en ce qui concerne les resultats de l'evolution oncologique. Toutefois, les resultats tendent a favoriser le RE pour ce qui est de la qualite de la voix apres le traitement, mais la portee clinique de l'observation est discutable etant donne que les analyses objectives de la voix souvent ne concordent pas avec les evaluations subjectives.

Retroviral integration within the Fli-2 locus results in inactivation of the erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 in Friend erythroleukemias: evidence that NF-E2 is essential for globin expression.

Abstract: Activation of either Fli-1 or Spi-1 members of the ets family of transcription factors as a result of retroviral insertion and mutational inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene play essential roles in the multistage erythroleukemias induced in mice by various strains of Friend virus. We have previously identified another common site for provirus integration, designated Fli-2 (Friend leukemia integration 2), in some erythroleukemia clones induced either by Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) or by the polycythemia-inducing strain of Friend virus complex (FV-P). Here we show that genomic sequences adjacent to Fli-2 correspond to the coding region of the erythroid-specific DNA binding protein NF-E2 p45. In one erythroleukemia cell line the expression of NF-E2 p45 is undetectable due to proviral integration in one allele and loss of the other allele. The complete loss of NF-E2 p45 in this cell line is associated with a drastic reduction in expression of the alpha- and beta-globin genes that were partially restored by reintroduction of the NF-E2 p45 gene. Taken together, these results provide direct evidence that NF-E2 gene is essential for globin transcription and suggest that perturbation in expression of this transcription factor may contribute to erythroleukemia progression.