Institution
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Education•Uppsala, Sweden•
About: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences is a education organization based out in Uppsala, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 13510 authors who have published 35241 publications receiving 1414458 citations. The organization is also known as: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet & SLU.
Topics: Population, Soil water, Species richness, Biodiversity, Picea abies
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Practical guidelines on the key considerations when implementing genetic selection (GS) are provided, including potential breeding schemes for GS, genotyping considerations, and methods for effective training population design.
255 citations
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TL;DR: Starch and nitrogen digestibility in the small intestine, calculated relative to 14C-polyethylene glycol content, was improved by β-glucanase supplementation, and the β- glucans were better degraded in the diets supplemented with β- GLUCanase.
254 citations
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Wageningen University and Research Centre1, University of California, Davis2, United States Department of Energy3, King Saud University4, Massey University5, University of British Columbia6, Aix-Marseille University7, Tarbiat Modares University8, Fox Chase Cancer Center9, University of Northern British Columbia10, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences11, University of Amsterdam12, Industrial Research Limited13, Purdue University14
TL;DR: Comparison of the genomes of the Dothideomycete fungal plant pathogens suggests that these closely related plant pathogens had a common ancestral host but since adapted to different hosts and lifestyles by a combination of differentiated gene content, pseudogenization, and gene regulation.
Abstract: We sequenced and compared the genomes of the Dothideomycete fungal plant pathogens Cladosporium fulvum (Cfu) (syn. Passalora fulva) and Dothistroma septosporum (Dse) that are closely related phylogenetically, but have different lifestyles and hosts. Although both fungi grow extracellularly in close contact with host mesophyll cells, Cfu is a biotroph infecting tomato, while Dse is a hemibiotroph infecting pine. The genomes of these fungi have a similar set of genes (70% of gene content in both genomes are homologs), but differ significantly in size (Cfu >61.1-Mb; Dse 31.2-Mb), which is mainly due to the difference in repeat content (47.2% in Cfu versus 3.2% in Dse). Recent adaptation to different lifestyles and hosts is suggested by diverged sets of genes. Cfu contains an α-tomatinase gene that we predict might be required for detoxification of tomatine, while this gene is absent in Dse. Many genes encoding secreted proteins are unique to each species and the repeat-rich areas in Cfu are enriched for these species-specific genes. In contrast, conserved genes suggest common host ancestry. Homologs of Cfu effector genes, including Ecp2 and Avr4, are present in Dse and induce a Cf-Ecp2- and Cf-4-mediated hypersensitive response, respectively. Strikingly, genes involved in production of the toxin dothistromin, a likely virulence factor for Dse, are conserved in Cfu, but their expression differs markedly with essentially no expression by Cfu in planta. Likewise, Cfu has a carbohydrate-degrading enzyme catalog that is more similar to that of necrotrophs or hemibiotrophs and a larger pectinolytic gene arsenal than Dse, but many of these genes are not expressed in planta or are pseudogenized. Overall, comparison of their genomes suggests that these closely related plant pathogens had a common ancestral host but since adapted to different hosts and lifestyles by a combination of differentiated gene content, pseudogenization, and gene regulation.
254 citations
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TL;DR: PcGH61D, the gene product of an open reading frame in the genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, is an enzyme that cleaves cellulose using a metal-dependent oxidative mechanism that leads to generation of aldonic acids.
Abstract: Many fungi growing on plant biomass produce proteins currently classified as glycoside hydrolase family 61 (GH61), some of which are known to act synergistically with cellulases. In this study we show that PcGH61D, the gene product of an open reading frame in the genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, is an enzyme that cleaves cellulose using a metal-dependent oxidative mechanism that leads to generation of aldonic acids. The activity of this enzyme and its beneficial effect on the efficiency of classical cellulases are stimulated by the presence of electron donors. Experiments with reduced cellulose confirmed the oxidative nature of the reaction catalyzed by PcGH61D and indicated that the enzyme may be capable of penetrating into the substrate. Considering the abundance of GH61-encoding genes in fungi and genes encoding their functional bacterial homologues currently classified as carbohydrate binding modules family 33 (CBM33), this enzyme activity is likely to turn out as a major determinant of microbial biomass-degrading efficiency.
253 citations
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TL;DR: The findings show that there have been shifts in the timing of interacting species in recent decades; the next challenges are to improve the ability to predict the direction of change and understand the full consequences for communities and ecosystems.
Abstract: Phenological responses to climate change (e.g., earlier leaf-out or egg hatch date) are now well documented and clearly linked to rising temperatures in recent decades. Such shifts in the phenologies of interacting species may lead to shifts in their synchrony, with cascading community and ecosystem consequences. To date, single-system studies have provided no clear picture, either finding synchrony shifts may be extremely prevalent [Mayor SJ, et al. (2017) Sci Rep 7:1902] or relatively uncommon [Iler AM, et al. (2013) Glob Chang Biol 19:2348–2359], suggesting that shifts toward asynchrony may be infrequent. A meta-analytic approach would provide insights into global trends and how they are linked to climate change. We compared phenological shifts among pairwise species interactions (e.g., predator–prey) using published long-term time-series data of phenological events from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems across four continents since 1951 to determine whether recent climate change has led to overall shifts in synchrony. We show that the relative timing of key life cycle events of interacting species has changed significantly over the past 35 years. Further, by comparing the period before major climate change (pre-1980s) and after, we show that estimated changes in phenology and synchrony are greater in recent decades. However, there has been no consistent trend in the direction of these changes. Our findings show that there have been shifts in the timing of interacting species in recent decades; the next challenges are to improve our ability to predict the direction of change and understand the full consequences for communities and ecosystems.
253 citations
Authors
Showing all 13653 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Svante Pääbo | 147 | 407 | 84489 |
Lars Klareskog | 131 | 697 | 63281 |
Stephen Hillier | 129 | 1138 | 83831 |
Carol V. Robinson | 123 | 670 | 51896 |
Jun Yu | 121 | 1174 | 81186 |
Peter J. Anderson | 120 | 966 | 63635 |
David E. Clapham | 119 | 382 | 58360 |
Angela M. Gronenborn | 113 | 568 | 44800 |
David A. Wardle | 110 | 409 | 70547 |
Agneta Oskarsson | 106 | 766 | 40524 |
Jack S. Remington | 103 | 481 | 38006 |
Hans Ellegren | 102 | 349 | 39437 |
Per A. Peterson | 102 | 356 | 35788 |
Malcolm J. Bennett | 99 | 439 | 37207 |
Gunnar E. Carlsson | 98 | 466 | 32638 |