Institution
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Facility•Birmensdorf, Switzerland•
About: Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research is a facility organization based out in Birmensdorf, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Climate change & Soil water. The organization has 1256 authors who have published 3222 publications receiving 161639 citations. The organization is also known as: WSL.
Topics: Climate change, Soil water, Biodiversity, Glacier, Species richness
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the genetic variation among CHV-1 subtypes did not evolve in Europe and support the hypothesis of multiple introductions of CHv-1 into Europe.
69 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of in situ soil moisture measurements for regional landslide early warning is assessed, and a logistic regression function was applied to model the landslide activity based on the infiltration event characteristics and several models were analysed and compared with receiver operating characteristics (ROC).
Abstract: In mountainous terrain, rainfall-induced landslides pose a serious risk to people and infrastructure. Regional landslide early warning systems (LEWS) have proven to be a cost-efficient tool to inform the public about the imminent landslide danger. While most operational LEWS are based on rainfall exceedance thresholds only, recent studies have demonstrated an improvement of the forecast quality after the inclusion of soil hydrological information. In this study, the potential of in situ soil moisture measurements for regional landslide early warning is assessed. For the first time, a comprehensive soil moisture measurement database was compiled for Switzerland and compared with a national landslide database (Swiss flood and landslide damage database, WSL). The time series were homogenized and normalized to represent saturation values. From ensembles of sensors, the mean and standard deviation saturation were calculated and infiltration events were delimited, characterized, and classified as landslide-triggering or non-triggering based on the occurrence of landslides within a specified forecast distance. A logistic regression function was applied to model the landslide activity based on the infiltration event characteristics and several models were analysed and compared with receiver operating characteristics (ROC). A strong distance dependence becomes apparent showing a forecast goodness decrease with increasing distance between water content measurement site and landslide, and a better forecast goodness for long-lasting as opposed to short-duration precipitation events. While most variability can be explained by the two event properties antecedent saturation and change of saturation during an infiltration event, event properties that describe antecedent conditions are more important for long-lasting as opposed to short-duration precipitation events that can be better explained by properties describing event dynamics. Overall, the analysis demonstrated that in situ soil moisture data effectively contains specific information useful for landslide early warning.
69 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied oxygen and hydrogen isotopic evolution from new snow to snow profile and to meltwater through two winter seasons (1998 and 2001) at the Central Sierra Snow Laboratory, California, USA The slopes of the δD vs δ18O regression for the new snow are similar to that of the global meteoric water line (GMWL).
69 citations
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TL;DR: A long-time lag between emission abatement and changes in soil solution acidity is suggested and the importance of long-term monitoring in evaluating ecosystem response to decreases in deposition is underline.
Abstract: Acid deposition arising from sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) emissions from fossil fuel combustion and agriculture has contributed to the acidification of terrestrial ecosystems in many regions globally. However, in Europe and North America, S deposition has greatly decreased in recent decades due to emissions controls. In this study, we assessed the response of soil solution chemistry in mineral horizons of European forests to these changes. Trends in pH, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), major ions, total aluminium (Altot ) and dissolved organic carbon were determined for the period 1995-2012. Plots with at least 10 years of observations from the ICP Forests monitoring network were used. Trends were assessed for the upper mineral soil (10-20 cm, 104 plots) and subsoil (40-80 cm, 162 plots). There was a large decrease in the concentration of sulphate (SO42-) in soil solution; over a 10-year period (2000-2010), SO42- decreased by 52% at 10-20 cm and 40% at 40-80 cm. Nitrate was unchanged at 10-20 cm but decreased at 40-80 cm. The decrease in acid anions was accompanied by a large and significant decrease in the concentration of the nutrient base cations: calcium, magnesium and potassium (Bc = Ca2+ + Mg2+ + K+ ) and Altot over the entire dataset. The response of soil solution acidity was nonuniform. At 10-20 cm, ANC increased in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤10%) indicating a recovery, but ANC decreased in soils with base saturation >10%. At 40-80 cm, ANC remained unchanged in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤20%, pHCaCl2 ≤ 4.5) and decreased in better-buffered soils (base saturation >20%, pHCaCl2 > 4.5). In addition, the molar ratio of Bc to Altot either did not change or decreased. The results suggest a long-time lag between emission abatement and changes in soil solution acidity and underline the importance of long-term monitoring in evaluating ecosystem response to decreases in deposition.
69 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the applicability and performance of UAS-based structure-from-motion photogrammetry on very homogenous snow surfaces, under suboptimal illumination conditions, at two alpine test sites in Tschuggen 2000 m a.s. close to Davos, Switzerland, and Lizum 2000 m near Innsbruck, Austria, were investigated.
Abstract: In this study, we investigate the applicability and performance of UAS-based structure-from-motion SfM photogrammetry on very homogenous snow surfaces, under suboptimal illumination conditions, at two alpine test sites in Tschuggen 2000 m a.s.l. close to Davos, Switzerland, and Lizum 2000 m a.s.l. near Innsbruck, Austria. We discuss the topographic and meteorological challenges for flying UAS missions in high-alpine terrain. Additionally, we compare DSMs calculated from the imagery acquired in the visual VIS, λ = 400–700 nm and near-infrared NIR, λ = 700–830 nm parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. We evaluate the resulting DSMs qualitatively and quantitatively by applying: a differential Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS measurements at the Swiss test site, with an expected accuracy better than 0.1 m within x, y, and z directions; b terrestrial laser scanning TLS at the Austrian test site, with an expected accuracy of ± 0.025 m 1σ, along with a distance-dependent error. The results of this study reveal the potential and limitations of UAS-based SfM photogrammetry for applications on snow-covered, alpine terrain in general and in particular the benefit of NIR imagery on the accuracy and precision of the results.
69 citations
Authors
Showing all 1333 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Peter H. Verburg | 107 | 464 | 34254 |
Bernhard Schmid | 103 | 460 | 46419 |
Christian Körner | 103 | 376 | 39637 |
André S. H. Prévôt | 90 | 511 | 38599 |
Fortunat Joos | 87 | 276 | 36951 |
Niklaus E. Zimmermann | 80 | 277 | 39364 |
Robert Huber | 78 | 311 | 25131 |
David Frank | 78 | 186 | 18624 |
Jan Esper | 75 | 254 | 19280 |
James W. Kirchner | 73 | 238 | 21958 |
David B. Roy | 70 | 250 | 26241 |
Emmanuel Frossard | 68 | 356 | 15281 |
Derek Eamus | 67 | 285 | 17317 |
Benjamin Poulter | 66 | 255 | 22519 |
Ulf Büntgen | 65 | 316 | 15876 |