Institution
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Facility•Birmensdorf, Switzerland•
About: Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research is a facility organization based out in Birmensdorf, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Climate change & Soil water. The organization has 1256 authors who have published 3222 publications receiving 161639 citations. The organization is also known as: WSL.
Topics: Climate change, Soil water, Geology, Biodiversity, Environmental science
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences2, University of Minnesota3, Queensland University of Technology4, Utah State University5, University of Washington6, University of California, San Diego7, United States Geological Survey8, University of KwaZulu-Natal9, University of Oxford10, Iowa State University11, University of Nebraska–Lincoln12, University of California, Berkeley13, University of Guelph14, University of Kentucky15, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill16, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research17, Lancaster University18
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the diversity of plant, bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities in one hundred and forty-five 1 m 2 plots across 25 temperate grassland sites from four continents.
Abstract: Aboveground–belowground interactions exert critical controls on the composition and function of terrestrial ecosystems, yet the fundamental relationships between plant diversity and soil microbial diversity remain elusive. Theory predicts predominantly positive associations but tests within single sites have shown variable relationships, and associations between plant and microbial diversity across broad spatial scales remain largely unexplored. We compared the diversity of plant, bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities in one hundred and forty-five 1 m 2 plots across 25 temperate grassland sites from four continents. Across sites, the plant alpha diversity patterns were poorly related to those observed for any soil microbial group. However, plant beta diversity (compositional dissimilarity between sites) was significantly correlated with the beta diversity of bacterial and fungal communities, even after controlling for environmental factors. Thus, across a global range of temperate grasslands, plant diversity can predict patterns in the composition of soil microbial communities, but not patterns in alpha diversity.
526 citations
TL;DR: The mapped distribution of the haplotypes indicates the probable routes of postglacial recolonization followed by oak populations that had persisted in southern refugia, especially in the Iberian peninsula, Italy and the Balkans.
Abstract: Patterns of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) variation were studied in eight white oak species by sampling 345 populations throughout Europe. The detection of polymorphisms by restriction analysis of PCR-amplified cpDNA fragments allowed the identification of 23 haplotypes that were phylogenetically ordered. A systematic hybridization and introgression between the eight species studied is evident. The levels of subdivision for unordered (GST) and ordered (NST) alleles are very high and close (0.83 and 0.85). A new statistical approach to the quantitative study of phylogeography is presented, which relies on the coefficients of differentiation GST and NST and the Mantel's test. Based on pairwise comparisons between populations, the significance of the difference between both coefficients is evaluated at a global and a local scale. The mapped distribution of the haplotypes indicates the probable routes of postglacial recolonization followed by oak populations that had persisted in southern refugia, especially in the Iberian peninsula, Italy and the Balkans. Most cpDNA polymorphisms appear to be anterior to the beginning of the last recolonization. A subset of the preexisting haplotypes have merely expanded north, while others were left behind in the south.
511 citations
Utah State University1, University of Minnesota2, University of Oldenburg3, University of Zurich4, Iowa State University5, Oregon State University6, United States Geological Survey7, Wake Forest University8, University of Washington9, Colorado State University10, University of Queensland11, University of New Mexico12, Lanzhou University13, University of California, San Diego14, Dartmouth College15, Imperial College London16, University of Wisconsin-Madison17, University of Colorado Boulder18, United States Department of Agriculture19, Queensland University of Technology20, University of Maryland, College Park21, Yale University22, University of KwaZulu-Natal23, Agricultural Research Service24, University of St. Thomas (Minnesota)25, University of Nebraska–Lincoln26, University of Guelph27, University of Kentucky28, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill29, University of Melbourne30, La Trobe University31, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation32, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research33, Lancaster University34, Open University35, Duke University36, University of California, Davis37
TL;DR: This article conducted a standardized sampling in 48 herbaceous-dominated plant communities on five continents and found no clear relationship between productivity and fine-scale (meters−2) richness within sites, within regions, or across the globe.
Abstract: For more than 30 years, the relationship between net primary productivity and species richness has generated intense debate in ecology about the processes regulating local diversity. The original view, which is still widely accepted, holds that the relationship is hump-shaped, with richness first rising and then declining with increasing productivity. Although recent meta-analyses questioned the generality of hump-shaped patterns, these syntheses have been criticized for failing to account for methodological differences among studies. We addressed such concerns by conducting standardized sampling in 48 herbaceous-dominated plant communities on five continents. We found no clear relationship between productivity and fine-scale (meters−2) richness within sites, within regions, or across the globe. Ecologists should focus on fresh, mechanistic approaches to understanding the multivariate links between productivity and richness.
509 citations
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg1, Aarhus University2, University of Bergen3, University of Rostock4, University of Picardie Jules Verne5, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna6, Austrian Academy of Sciences7, University of Turin8, University of Edinburgh9, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research10, University of Lausanne11, University of Warsaw12, Polish Academy of Sciences13, University of Vienna14, University of Innsbruck15, Spanish National Research Council16, International Agency for Research on Cancer17, Norwegian University of Life Sciences18, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg19, University of Aberdeen20, Slovak Academy of Sciences21, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ22, United States Environmental Protection Agency23, University College of Southeast Norway24, University of Geneva25, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne26
TL;DR: Analysis of changes in plant species richness on mountain summits over the past 145 years suggests that increased climatic warming has led to an acceleration in species richness increase, strikingly synchronized with accelerated global warming.
Abstract: Globally accelerating trends in societal development and human environmental impacts since the mid-twentieth century
1–7
are known as the Great Acceleration and have been discussed as a key indicator of the onset of the Anthropocene epoch
6
. While reports on ecological responses (for example, changes in species range or local extinctions) to the Great Acceleration are multiplying
8, 9
, it is unknown whether such biotic responses are undergoing a similar acceleration over time. This knowledge gap stems from the limited availability of time series data on biodiversity changes across large temporal and geographical extents. Here we use a dataset of repeated plant surveys from 302 mountain summits across Europe, spanning 145 years of observation, to assess the temporal trajectory of mountain biodiversity changes as a globally coherent imprint of the Anthropocene. We find a continent-wide acceleration in the rate of increase in plant species richness, with five times as much species enrichment between 2007 and 2016 as fifty years ago, between 1957 and 1966. This acceleration is strikingly synchronized with accelerated global warming and is not linked to alternative global change drivers. The accelerating increases in species richness on mountain summits across this broad spatial extent demonstrate that acceleration in climate-induced biotic change is occurring even in remote places on Earth, with potentially far-ranging consequences not only for biodiversity, but also for ecosystem functioning and services.
508 citations
TL;DR: Current knowledge about responses of tree roots to drought supports the view that tree roots are well equipped to withstand drought situations and maintain morphological and physiological functions as long as possible.
Abstract: The ongoing climate change is characterized by increased temperatures and altered precipitation patterns In addition, there has been an increase in both the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events such as drought Episodes of drought induce a series of interconnected effects, all of which have the potential to alter the carbon balance of forest ecosystems profoundly at different scales of plant organization and ecosystem functioning During recent years, considerable progress has been made in the understanding of how aboveground parts of trees respond to drought and how these responses affect carbon assimilation In contrast, processes of belowground parts are relatively underrepresented in research on climate change In this review, we describe current knowledge about responses of tree roots to drought Tree roots are capable of responding to drought through a variety of strategies that enable them to avoid and tolerate stress Responses include root biomass adjustments, anatomical alterations, and physiological acclimations The molecular mechanisms underlying these responses are characterized to some extent, and involve stress signaling and the induction of numerous genes, leading to the activation of tolerance pathways In addition, mycorrhizas seem to play important protective roles The current knowledge compiled in this review supports the view that tree roots are well equipped to withstand drought situations and maintain morphological and physiological functions as long as possible Further, the reviewed literature demonstrates the important role of tree roots in the functioning of forest ecosystems and highlights the need for more research in this emerging field
501 citations
Authors
Showing all 1333 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peter H. Verburg | 107 | 464 | 34254 |
| Bernhard Schmid | 103 | 460 | 46419 |
| Christian Körner | 103 | 376 | 39637 |
| André S. H. Prévôt | 90 | 511 | 38599 |
| Fortunat Joos | 87 | 276 | 36951 |
| Niklaus E. Zimmermann | 80 | 277 | 39364 |
| Robert Huber | 78 | 311 | 25131 |
| David Frank | 78 | 186 | 18624 |
| Jan Esper | 75 | 254 | 19280 |
| James W. Kirchner | 73 | 238 | 21958 |
| David B. Roy | 70 | 250 | 26241 |
| Emmanuel Frossard | 68 | 356 | 15281 |
| Derek Eamus | 67 | 285 | 17317 |
| Benjamin Poulter | 66 | 255 | 22519 |
| Ulf Büntgen | 65 | 316 | 15876 |