Tallinn University of Technology

About: Tallinn University of Technology is a education organization based out in Tallinn, Estonia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: European union & Computer science. The organization has 3688 authors who have published 10313 publications receiving 145058 citations. The organization is also known as: Tallinn Technical University & Tallinna Tehnikaülikool.

Analysis of volatile compounds produced by different species of lactobacilli in rye sourdough using multiple headspace extraction

Abstract: Summary Profiles of volatile organic compound (VOC) produced by nine individual lactic acid bacteria (LAB) during rye sourdough fermentation were compared by automated SPME and GC/MS-Tof. The dough samples were inoculated with individual strains, placed inside the headspace vials and incubated during next 24 h. The production or loss of VOC-s was followed by adsorbing volatiles onto 85-m Car/PDMS fibre in every 4 h. Volatile profiles differed among LAB species and divided LAB into two main groups – hetero- and homofermentative. Hetrofermentative LAB (Lactobacillus brevis; Leuconostoc citreum; Lactobacillus vaginalis, Lactobacillus panis) showed high production of acetic acid, CO2, ethanol, ethylacetate, producing also hexyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate and isopentyl acetate. Whereas homofermentative LAB species (Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus sakei; Lactobacillus curvatus) produced a considerable amount of 2,3-butanedione. Production of l-leucine methyl ester was unique for Lb. sakei, Lb. casei and Lb. curvatus strains. Lb. helveticus was the only LAB that produced benzaldehyde.

The Euro Plus Pact: Competitiveness and External Capital Flows in the EU Countries

Abstract: The Euro Plus Pact was approved by the European Union countries in March 2011. The pact stipulates various measures to strengthen competitiveness with the ultimate aim of preventing accumulation of unsustainable external imbalances. This article uses Granger causality tests to assess the short-term linkages between changes in relative unit labour costs and changes in the current account balance for the period 1995–2011. The main finding is that changes in the current account balance precede changes in relative unit labour costs, while there is no discernible effect in the opposite direction. This suggests that capital flows from the European core to the periphery contributed to the divergence in unit labour costs across Europe prior to the global financial crisis. The results also suggest that the measures to restrain unit labour costs may have only limited effect on the current account balance in the short term.

Emerging micropollutants in water/wastewater: growing demand on removal technologies

Abstract: Developing advanced treatment technologies for improving the removal of micropollutants in water/wastewater is important. A suitable treatment is more likely to be used as the polishing step in the treatment scheme. Advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) are relevant for removing micropollutants. The ability of direct UV photolysis and selected AOTs to degrade pharmaceuticals, endocrine-disrupting compound and herbicide has been studied and compared. The tested methods resulted in the degradation of the studied micropollutants; however, none of the methods was preferred for the removal of all tested compounds. The UV-active processes have strong potential for removal of the studied micropollutants. The utilisation of a moderate hydrogen peroxide admixture resulted in a more reliable treatment.