Tata Memorial Hospital

About: Tata Memorial Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Mumbai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Breast cancer. The organization has 3187 authors who have published 4636 publications receiving 109143 citations.

Adjuvant Tamoxifen Plus Ovarian Function Suppression Versus Tamoxifen Alone in Premenopausal Women With Early Breast Cancer: Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial

Abstract: PurposeThe Suppression of Ovarian Function trial showed improved disease control for tamoxifen plus ovarian function suppression (OFS) compared with tamoxifen alone for the cohort of premenopausal patients who received prior chemotherapy. We present the patient-reported outcomes.Patients and MethodsThe quality-of-life (QoL) analysis includes 1,722 of 2,045 premenopausal patients with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer randomly assigned to receive adjuvant treatment with 5 years of tamoxifen plus OFS or tamoxifen alone. Chemotherapy use before enrollment was optional. Patients completed a QoL form consisting of global and symptom indicators at baseline, every 6 months for 24 months, and annually during years 3 to 6. Differences in the change of QoL from baseline between the two treatments were tested at 6, 24, and 60 months with mixed models for repeated measures with and without chemotherapy and overall.ResultsPatients on tamoxifen plus OFS were more affected than patients on tamoxifen alone by hot f...

Trends in breast, ovarian and cervical cancer incidence in Mumbai, India over a 30-year period, 1976-2005: an age-period-cohort analysis

Abstract: Trends in breast, ovarian and cervical cancer incidence in Mumbai, India over a 30-year period, 1976–2005: an age–period–cohort analysis

Evolving role of molecular imaging with PET in detecting and characterizing heterogeneity of cancer tissue at the primary and metastatic sites, a plausible explanation for failed attempts to cure malignant disorders.

Abstract: The diversity in cancer cell characteristics is an area of great interest in the practice of clinical oncology. By now, we know that tumors can be composed of different subpopulations of cells that can harbor very different characteristics (both in terms of genotype and phenotype), thereby exhibiting differential biologies including degrees of differentiation, growth rates, and response to various therapeutic interventions [1]. Intertumor heterogeneity across various malignancies and lesions (i.e., different biological characteristics between various lesions of the same malignancy or between different histological subtypes) has been relatively well described compared to intratumor heterogeneity (i.e., different biological characteristics within the subpopulations of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells that successively evolve within a tumor mass) which, though recognized, has been relatively less well investigated probably due to paucity of available techniques and methodologies. This regional intratumoral heterogeneity is manifested at the cellular level by multiple subpopulations with different genetic and phenotypic characteristics. Several newer tools (e.g., laser capture microdissection) have been utilized to study this phenomenon on a cellular basis in an apparently homogeneous tumor [2, 3]. There is also tremendous temporal and spatial variation in the environment (and, therefore, environmental selection forces) that drive regional phenotypic evolution, largely as a result of variability of vascular density and blood flow. The prognostic significance of tumor heterogeneity has been emphasized in several malignancies, and in fact, grading systems have evolved in certain tumors based upon this characteristic [4–9]. To cite an example of its importance, in a study designed to determine genetic profiles of breast carcinoma cells, CD44+ cells had an active transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) pathway that correlated with decreased patient survival and poor prognosis compared to CD24+ cells [7]. It is important to note that heterogeneity is typically generated prior to clinical detection of the tumor, and that phenotypic diversity probably generally increases with tumor size, in parallel with the potential for genetic mutation to occur with each mitosis and the development of hypoxia, acidosis, ischemia, and necrosis.

Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands: A Clinicopathologic Study of 51 Cases in a Tertiary Cancer Center

Abstract: Objective To analyze the importance of unique cytoarchitectural patterns and the immunohistochemical profile in the diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinomas. Design Retrospective case analysis. Setting Tertiary cancer center. Patients A total of 51 patients with myoepithelial-rich carcinomas diagnosed over a 14-year period were studied for demographic data and tumor histologic characteristics and biologic behavior. Main Outcome Measures We analyzed various histopathologic parameters and an immunohistochemical profile consisting of pan-cytokeratin (Pan-CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CD10, smooth-muscle actin (SMA), S-100 protein, p63, calponin, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Results The parotid gland (n = 15) and the palate (n = 15) were common sites involved. The cell types encountered were epithelioid, stellate, plasmacytoid, spindle, clear, and mixed with myxoid, hyaline, or myxohyaline stroma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed vimentin (100%), CK (74%), EMA (27%), CD10 (62%), SMA (35%), S-100 protein (82%), p63 (28%), and calponin (98%) positivity and CEA (100%) negativity. Cervical node dissection was performed in 17 cases: 7 showed nodal metastasis, 2 with pure spindle-cell morphologic characteristics and 3 with spindle cells mixed with other cells. Distant metastasis was noted in 3 of these 7 cases: 2 of these 3 cases showed spindle-cell morphologic characteristics. Conclusions Myoepithelial carcinomas showed varied cell types and patterns leading to a wide range of differential diagnoses. Immunohistochemical analysis helped determine the diagnosis. Spindle morphologic characteristics were observed with nodal and distant metastasis.