Tata Steel

About: Tata Steel is a company organization based out in Mumbai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Austenite & Microstructure. The organization has 1811 authors who have published 2450 publications receiving 30164 citations. The organization is also known as: Tata Steel Limited & Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited.

Life Cycle Inventory of the Production of Rare Earths and the Subsequent Production of NdFeB Rare Earth Permanent Magnets

Abstract: Neodymium is one of the more critical rare earth elements with respect to current availability and is most often used in high performance magnets. In this paper, we compare the virgin production route of these magnets with two hypothetical recycling processes in terms of environmental impact. The first recycling process looks at manual dismantling of computer hard disk drives (HDDs) combined with a novel hydrogen based recycling process. The second process assumes HDDs are shredded. Our life cycle assessment is based both on up to date literature and on our own experimental data. Because the production process of neodymium oxide is generic to all rare earths, we also report the life cycle inventory data for the production of rare earth oxides separately. We conclude that recycling of neodymium, especially via manual dismantling, is preferable to primary production, with some environmental indicators showing an order of magnitude improvement. The choice of recycling technology is also important with respec...

Investigation of Structural Stability, Dispersion, Viscosity, and Conductive Heat Transfer Properties of Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Based Nanofluids

Abstract: The present work investigates the structural stability, dispersion, viscosity, and convective heat transfer properties of nanofluids based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Oxidative acid refluxation on MWCNT was examined for different time periods in order to achieve good dispersibility and thermal enhancement. Structural stability and efficient chemical functionalization was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was conducted to ascertain the formation of chemical functional groups on covalently modified MWCNT. Raman band study on oxidized MWCNT was analyzed by Raman scattering measurements. Dispersion of functionalized MWCNT was studied by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy have been performed to ascertain the structural durableness of nanomaterials in fluids. Viscosity and thermal conductivity behavior of DI water and ethylene glycol based MWCNT nanofluids were studied w...