Technical University of Berlin

About: Technical University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quantum dot & Laser. The organization has 27292 authors who have published 59342 publications receiving 1414623 citations. The organization is also known as: Technische Universität Berlin & TU Berlin.

Nurse forecasting in Europe (RN4CAST): Rationale, design and methodology

Abstract: Background: Current human resources planning models in nursing are unreliable and ineffective as they consider volumes, but ignore effects on quality in patient care. The project RN4CAST aims innovative forecasting methods by addressing not only volumes, but quality of nursing staff as well as quality of patient care. Methods/Design: A multi-country, multilevel cross-sectional design is used to obtain important unmeasured factors in forecasting models including how features of hospital work environments impact on nurse recruitment, retention and patient outcomes. In each of the 12 participating European countries, at least 30 general acute hospitals were sampled. Data are gathered via four data sources (nurse, patient and organizational surveys and via routinely collected hospital discharge data). All staff nurses of a random selection of medical and surgical units (at least 2 per hospital) were surveyed. The nurse survey has the purpose to measure the experiences of nurses on their job (e.g. job satisfaction, burnout) as well as to allow the creation of aggregated hospital level measures of staffing and working conditions. The patient survey is organized in a sub-sample of countries and hospitals using a one-day census approach to measure the patient experiences with medical and nursing care. In addition to conducting a patient survey, hospital discharge abstract datasets will be used to calculate additional patient outcomes like in-hospital mortality and failure-to-rescue. Via the organizational survey, information about the organizational profile (e.g. bed size, types of technology available, teaching status) is collected to control the analyses for institutional differences. This information will be linked via common identifiers and the relationships between different aspects of the nursing work environment and patient and nurse outcomes will be studied by using multilevel regression type analyses. These results will be used to simulate the impact of changing different aspects of the nursing work environment on quality of care and satisfaction of the nursing workforce.

Multi-UAV Cooperation and Control for Load Transportation and Deployment

Abstract: This paper deals with the cooperation and control of multiple UAVs with sensing and actuation capabilities. An architecture to perform cooperative missions with a multi-UAV platform is presented. The interactions between UAVs are not only information exchanges but also physical couplings required to cooperate in the joint transportation of a single load. Then, the paper also presents the control system for the transportation of a slung load by means of one or several helicopters. Experimental results of the load transportation system with one and three helicopters are shown. On the other hand, the UAVs considered in the platform can also deploy small objects, such as sensor nodes, on different locations if it is required. This feature along with the whole platform architecture are illustrated in the paper with a real multi-UAV mission for the deployment of sensor nodes to repair the connectivity of a wireless sensor network.

Genome sequence of the chlorinated compound–respiring bacterium Dehalococcoides species strain CBDB1

Abstract: Dehalococcoides species are strictly anaerobic bacteria, which catabolize many of the most toxic and persistent chlorinated aromatics and aliphatics by reductive dechlorination and are used for in situ bioremediation of contaminated sites. Our sequencing of the complete 1,395,502 base pair genome of Dehalococcoides strain CBDB1 has revealed the presence of 32 reductive-dehalogenase-homologous (rdh) genes, possibly conferring on the bacteria an immense dehalogenating potential. Most rdh genes were associated with genes encoding transcription regulators such as two-component regulatory systems or transcription regulators of the MarR-type. Four new paralog groups of rdh-associated genes without known function were detected. Comparison with the recently sequenced genome of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 reveals a high degree of gene context conservation (synteny) but exceptionally high plasticity in all regions containing rdh genes, suggesting that these regions are under intense evolutionary pressure.

Main-Group Lewis Acids for C–F Bond Activation

Abstract: The significant benefits of fluorinated compounds have inspired the development of diverse techniques for the activation and subsequent (de)functionalization of rather inert C–F bonds. Although substantial progress has been made in the selective activation of C(sp2)–F bonds employing transition metal complexes, protocols that address nonactivated C(sp3)–F bonds are much less established. In this regard, the use of strong main-group Lewis acids has emerged as a powerful tool to selectively activate C(sp3)–F bonds in saturated fluorocarbons. This Perspective provides a concise overview of various cationic and neutral silicon-, boron-, and aluminum-based Lewis acids that have been identified to facilitate the heterolytic fluoride abstraction from aliphatic fluorides. The potential of these Lewis acids in hydrodefluorination as well as defluorinative C–F bond functionalization reactions is highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the underlying mechanistic principles to provide a systematic classification of the in...