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Institution

Technical University of Berlin

EducationBerlin, Germany
About: Technical University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quantum dot & Laser. The organization has 27292 authors who have published 59342 publications receiving 1414623 citations. The organization is also known as: Technische Universität Berlin & TU Berlin.


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Posted ContentDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce a Methode, in which man die Schwachen beider Ansatze uberwindet, indem man Survey-Daten with Experimenten kombiniert.
Abstract: Die experimentelle Okonomie fuhrt typischerweise Labor-Untersuchungen durch, die mit homogenen und selektiven Versuchspersonen arbeiten. Reprasentative Surveys leiden hingegen unter Mesfehlern und der Frage, ob hypothetisches Verhalten, das erhoben wird, mit tatsachlichem Verhalten korrespondiert. Deswegen prasentieren wir eine Methode, mit der man die Schwachen beider Ansatze uberwindet, indem man Survey-Daten mit Experimenten kombiniert. Die von uns entwickelte Methode hat den Vorzug, dass sie es auf preiswerte Art und Weise erlaubt, Experimente, die die Interaktion zweier Personen erfordern, mit Standard-Surveys zu kombinieren, die auf der Unabhangigkeit der befragten Personen beruhen. Wir illustrieren die Moglichkeiten unserer Methodik mit einer Untersuchung uber Vertrauen und Vertrauenswurdigkeit in Deutschland, bei der eine reprasentative Umfrage mit einem Experiment uber eine Dilemma-Situation verbunden wurde. Unsere Resultate zeigen zum einen, dass nicht alle Survey-Fragen uber Vertrauen mit den Ergebnissen des Experiments korrelieren. Zum zweiten zeigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass altere Menschen (65 Jahre und alter), Hochqualifizierte und Personen, die in grosseren Haushalten leben, im Experiment unterdurchschnittlich Vertrauen offenbaren. Fur Auslander, Katholiken und die Anhanger der grosen Volksparteien finden wir uberdurchschnittliches Vertrauen. Vertrauenswurdigkeit bzw. Altruismus zeigen im Experiment Altere und Befragte mit gutem Gesundheitszustand. Unterdurchschnittliche Vertrauenswudigkeit bzw. Altruismus zeigen jungere Befragte (bis zu 35 Jahren), arbeitslos Gemeldete und Befragte ohne eine Parteineigung.

474 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used machine learning to approximate density functionals for the model problem of the kinetic energy of noninteracting fermions in 1D, and achieved mean absolute errors below $1/text{ }\text{ ]/mathm{kcal}/\mathrm{mol}$ on test densities similar to the training set with fewer than 100 training densities.
Abstract: Machine learning is used to approximate density functionals. For the model problem of the kinetic energy of noninteracting fermions in 1D, mean absolute errors below $1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kcal}/\mathrm{mol}$ on test densities similar to the training set are reached with fewer than 100 training densities. A predictor identifies if a test density is within the interpolation region. Via principal component analysis, a projected functional derivative finds highly accurate self-consistent densities. The challenges for application of our method to real electronic structure problems are discussed.

473 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An in-depth assessment of the role of NETs in climate change mitigation scenarios, their ethical implications, as well as the challenges involved in bringing the various NETs to the market and scaling them up in time are clarified.
Abstract: With the Paris Agreement's ambition of limiting climate change to well below 2 °C, negative emission technologies (NETs) have moved into the limelight of discussions in climate science and policy. Despite several assessments, the current knowledge on NETs is still diffuse and incomplete, but also growing fast. Here, we synthesize a comprehensive body of NETs literature, using scientometric tools and performing an in-depth assessment of the quantitative and qualitative evidence therein. We clarify the role of NETs in climate change mitigation scenarios, their ethical implications, as well as the challenges involved in bringing the various NETs to the market and scaling them up in time. There are six major findings arising from our assessment: first, keeping warming below 1.5 °C requires the large-scale deployment of NETs, but this dependency can still be kept to a minimum for the 2 °C warming limit. Second, accounting for economic and biophysical limits, we identify relevant potentials for all NETs except ocean fertilization. Third, any single NET is unlikely to sustainably achieve the large NETs deployment observed in many 1.5 °C and 2 °C mitigation scenarios. Yet, portfolios of multiple NETs, each deployed at modest scales, could be invaluable for reaching the climate goals. Fourth, a substantial gap exists between the upscaling and rapid diffusion of NETs implied in scenarios and progress in actual innovation and deployment. If NETs are required at the scales currently discussed, the resulting urgency of implementation is currently neither reflected in science nor policy. Fifth, NETs face severe barriers to implementation and are only weakly incentivized so far. Finally, we identify distinct ethical discourses relevant for NETs, but highlight the need to root them firmly in the available evidence in order to render such discussions relevant in practice.

473 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the binding energies of single-walled carbon nanotubes with diameters between 6.8 and 9.4 were determined by ab initio calculations, based on photoluminescence excitation experiments.
Abstract: Excitonic effects in the linear and nonlinear optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes are manifested by photoluminescence excitation experiments and ab initio calculations. One- and two-photon spectra showed a series of exciton states; their energy splitting is the fingerprint of excitonic interactions in carbon nanotubes. By ab initio calculations we determine the energies, wave functions, and symmetries of the excitonic states. Combining experiment and theory we find binding energies of $0.3\char21{}0.4\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ for nanotubes with diameters between 6.8 and $9.0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$.

471 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify characteristics of users who contribute substantially to the development of radical innovations by being their inventors and (co-developers, and observe that they play an entrepreneurial role as they establish and organize the required innovation networks.
Abstract: This paper focuses on contributions of users in early phases of radical innovation projects. In a multiple case study analysis in the field of medical equipment technology, we identify characteristics of users who contribute substantially to the development of radical innovations by being their inventors and (co)-developers. These innovative users have high motivation to seek new solutions, possess a diverse set of competencies, and are embedded in a supportive environment. We furthermore observe that they play an entrepreneurial role as they establish and organize the required innovation networks. These innovation networks are needed to transform the users' radically new concepts into first physical prototypes and marketable products. The study highlights how manufacturing firms can benefit from innovative and entrepreneurial users in the early phases of radical innovation projects.

471 citations


Authors

Showing all 27602 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Markus Antonietti1761068127235
Jian Li133286387131
Klaus-Robert Müller12976479391
Michael Wagner12435154251
Shi Xue Dou122202874031
Xinchen Wang12034965072
Michael S. Feld11955251968
Jian Liu117209073156
Ary A. Hoffmann11390755354
Stefan Grimme113680105087
David M. Karl11246148702
Lester Packer11275163116
Andreas Heinz108107845002
Horst Weller10545144273
G. Hughes10395746632
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023191
2022650
20213,307
20203,387
20193,105
20182,910