Tehran University of Medical Sciences

About: Tehran University of Medical Sciences is a education organization based out in Tehran, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 35661 authors who have published 57234 publications receiving 878523 citations. The organization is also known as: TUMS.

Cancer occurrence in ardabil: results of a population-based cancer registry from iran

Abstract: The provincial health authority reported a high mortality rate from upper GI cancer in the newly established Ardabil Province of northwest Iran. A comprehensive search was undertaken to survey and register all cases of cancer during a 4-year (1996-1999) period among the indigenous population of Ardabil Province, including subjects seeking care in the cities of Tabriz and Tehran. Diagnosis of cancer was based on histopathology in 71.4%, clinical or radiologic findings in 25% and death certificate in 3.6% of cases. A total of 3,455 cancers (mean age 57.1 +/- 17.3 years) was found during the study. Of these, 60% (2,072) were in males. ASRs for all cancers in males and females were 132.0 and 96.3, respectively. The top 5 cancers in males (excluding skin cancer) according to the calculated ASR were stomach (49.1) [corrected], esophagus (15.4), lung and bronchus (7.9), colon and rectum (7.9) and bladder (7.6); in females, these were stomach (25.42), esophagus (14.4), breast (7.6), colon and rectum (5. 9) and lung and bronchus (3.6). Compared to rates obtained 30 years ago, the incidence of upper GI cancer in this region has increased about 100%, and there is a striking increase in the incidence of gastric cancer with a decline in the esophageal cancer rate. ASRs for gastric cancer in Ardabil were 49.1 for males and 25.4 for females, while for esophageal cancer these were 15.4 and 14.4, respectively. The ASR for cervical cancer was the lowest (0.4) recorded in the world before. Gastric cancer alone constitutes one-third of all cancers in Ardabil, the ASR of which is the highest reported from Iran up to now and one of the highest in the world.

Vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity: mechanism, incidence, risk factors and special populations. A literature review

Abstract: Purpose Treatment failures following vancomycin therapy in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections have led to the utilization of higher doses of this antibiotic to achieve the trough concentrations of 10–20 μg/mL recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline. However, many questions remain on the safety of such high doses of vancomycin, specifically their nephrotoxic effects. In this review, we have collected available evidence on the nephrotoxicity of vancomycin, particularly in terms of its mechanism, incidence, predisposing factors and special target populations.

Third national Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD-2007) in Iran: methods and results on prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, central obesity, and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The burden of non-communicable diseases is rising globally. This trend seems to be faster in developing countries of the Middle East. In this study, we presented the latest prevalence rates of a number of important non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in the Iranian population. The results of this study are extracted from the third national Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD-2007), conducted in 2007. A total of 5,287 Iranian citizens, aged 15–64 years, were included in this survey. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were applied to collect the data of participants including the demographics, diet, physical activity, smoking, history of hypertension, and history of diabetes. Anthropometric characteristics were measured and serum biochemistry profiles were determined on venous blood samples. Diabetes (fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl), hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or use of anti-hypertensive drugs), dyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia: triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl, hypercholesterolemia: total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl), obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2), and central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 80 cm in females and ≥ 94 cm in males) were identified and the national prevalence rates were estimated. The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and central obesity was 8.7% (95%CI = 7.4–10.2%), 26.6% (95%CI = 24.4–28.9%), 22.3% (95%CI = 20.2–24.5%), and 53.6% (95%CI = 50.4–56.8%), respectively. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia was 36.4% (95%CI = 34.1–38.9%) and 42.9% (95%CI = 40.4–45.4%), respectively. All of the mentioned prevalence rates were higher among females (except hypertriglyceridemia) and urban residents. We documented a strikingly high prevalence of a number of chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among Iranian adults. Urgent preventive interventions should be implemented to combat the growing public health problems in Iran.

Evidence-Based Guidelines for Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Summary of WHO Recommendations

Abstract: Funding for the mhGAP Programme, under which the work reported in this manuscript was done, was provided by the following: American Psychiatric Foundation, USA; Association of Aichi Psychiatric Hospitals, Japan; Autism Speaks, USA; CBM; Government of Italy; Government of Japan; Government of The Netherlands; International Bureau for Epilepsy; International League Against Epilepsy; Medical Research Council, UK; National Institute of Mental Health, USA; Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada; Rockefeller Foundation, USA; Shirley Foundation, UK; Syngenta, Switzerland; United Nations Population Fund;World Psychiatric Association