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Institution

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

EducationTehran, Iran
About: Tehran University of Medical Sciences is a education organization based out in Tehran, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 35661 authors who have published 57234 publications receiving 878523 citations. The organization is also known as: TUMS.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed the knowledge and attitude of high school students regarding AIDS in Iran through a cluster-sampling, 4641 students from 52 high schools in Tehran were assessed by anonymous questionnaires in February 2002.
Abstract: Young people are of particular importance in state policies against Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). We intended to assess the knowledge and attitude of high school students regarding AIDS in Iran. Through a cluster-sampling, 4641 students from 52 high schools in Tehran were assessed by anonymous questionnaires in February 2002. The students identified television as their most important source of information about AIDS. Only a few students answered all the knowledge questions correctly, and there were many misconceptions about the routes of transmission. Mosquito bites (33%), public swimming pools (21%), and public toilets (20%) were incorrectly identified as routes of transmission. 46% believed that Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive (HIV positive) students should not attend ordinary schools. Most of the students wanted to know more about AIDS. In this study knowledge level was associated with students' attitudes and discipline (p < 0.001). Although the knowledge level seems to be moderately high, misconceptions about the routes of transmission were common. There was a substantial intolerant attitude towards AIDS and HIV positive patients. We recommend that strategies for AIDS risk reduction in adolescents be developed in Iranian high schools.

245 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In Iran, breast cancer affects women at least one decade younger than their counterparts in developed countries which further mandate a national cancer detection program involving more effective public education and encouragement of women for breast self-examination and participation in screening campaigns.
Abstract: Introduction: Breast Cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women. This study aims to demonstrate the characteristics of breast diseases- and especially breast cancer- according to pathologic records in Tehran, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all records of pathologic specimens (biopsy or mastectomy) categorized as "breast diseases" from 1996 to 2000 in five teaching hospitals in Tehran were studied. For each patient, sex, age, breast pathology, pathological staging of malignant lesions, side and location of the tumor and the type of surgery were reviewed by a trained general practitioner. SPSS version 10 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of women with breast cancer was 48.8. The highest frequency of malignancies was observed in the 40-49 age group (31.8%). Twenty-three percent of breast cancers were observed in women younger than 40 years. About 83 percent of malignant lesions in women were in T2, T3 or T4 at diagnosis. Only about 4 percent of women with breast cancers had tumors in stage I or in-situ carcinomas. Nearly 70 percent of the cancers were detected only after lymph node involvement. Only 4.3 percent of our female cases had the chance of conservative mastectomy. Twenty-eight percent of specimens from biopsies in women were malignant. Discussion and Conclusion: In Iran, breast cancer affects women at least one decade younger than their counterparts in developed countries. A considerable proportion of our cases (96%) were in stage II or III at diagnosis. These results show advanced cases at presentation in Iran which further mandate a national cancer detection program involving more effective public education and encouragement of women for breast self-examination and participation in screening campaigns.

245 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Astigmatism was the most common refractive errors in children and adults followed by hyperopia and myopia and the highest prevalence of myopia was seen in South-East Asian adults.
Abstract: Purpose The aim of the study was a systematic review of refractive errors across the world according to the WHO regions Methods To extract articles on the prevalence of refractive errors for this meta-analysis, international databases were searched from 1990 to 2016 The results of the retrieved studies were merged using a random effect model and reported as estimated pool prevalence (EPP) with 95% confidence interval (CI) Results In children, the EPP of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism was 117% (95% CI: 105–130), 46% (95% CI: 39–52), and 149% (95% CI: 127–171), respectively The EPP of myopia ranged from 49% (95% CI: 16–81) in South–East Asia to 182% (95% CI: 109–255) in the Western Pacific region, the EPP of hyperopia ranged from 22% (95% CI: 12–33) in South-East Asia to 143% (95% CI: 134–152) in the Americas, and the EPP of astigmatism ranged from 98% in South-East Asia to 272% in the Americas In adults, the EPP of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism was 265% (95% CI: 234–296), 309% (95% CI: 262–356), and 404% (95% CI: 343–466), respectively The EPP of myopia ranged from 162% (95% CI: 156–168) in the Americas to 329% (95% CI: 251–407) in South-East Asia, the EPP of hyperopia ranged from 231% (95% CI: 61%–402%) in Europe to 386% (95% CI: 224–548) in Africa and 372% (95% CI: 253–49) in the Americas, and the EPP of astigmatism ranged from 114% (95% CI: 21–207) in Africa to 456% (95% CI: 441–471) in the Americas and 448% (95% CI: 366–531) in South-East Asia The results of meta-regression showed that the prevalence of myopia increased from 1993 (104%) to 2016 (342%) (P = 0097) Conclusion This report showed that astigmatism was the most common refractive errors in children and adults followed by hyperopia and myopia The highest prevalence of myopia and astigmatism was seen in South-East Asian adults The highest prevalence of hyperopia in children and adults was seen in the Americas

244 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinical and Para-clinical data indicated that Iranian adult population are of a high level of CAD risk factors, which may require urgent decision making to address national control measures regarding CAD.
Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability with high health care cost in Iran. It accounts for nearly 50 percent of all deaths per year. Yet little is known about CAD and CAD risk factors in the Iranian population. We aimed to assess the prevalence of different CAD risk factors in an Iranian population. A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted involving 3000 healthy adults at 18 years of age or above who were recruited with cluster random sampling. Demographic data and risk factors were determined by taking history, physical examination and laboratory tests. The average age was 36.23 ± 15.26. There was 1381 female (46%) and 1619 male (54%) out of which 6.3% were diabetic, 21.6% were smoker, and 15% had positive familial heart disease history. 61% had total cholesterol level > 200 mg/dL, 32% triglyceride > 200 mg/dl, 47.5% LDL-c > 130 mg/dl, 5.4% HDL-c 140 mmHg, 9.1% diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg and 87% of them were physically inactive. Clinical and Para-clinical data indicated that Iranian adult population are of a high level of CAD risk factors, which may require urgent decision making to address national control measures regarding CAD.

244 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Phytosterols are a subgroup of the steroids, as an important class of bioorganic molecules, widespread in plants, animals, marines as well as fungi and have similarity to cholesterol in structure.
Abstract: Aims : Phytosterols are a subgroup of the steroids, as an important class of bioorganic molecules,widespread in plants, animals, marines as well as fungi and have similarity to cholesterol in structure. These compounds have a long history of consumption as food or pharmaceutical products, and generally recognized as safe without undesirable side effects.

244 citations


Authors

Showing all 35946 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Graeme J. Hankey137844143373
Paul D.P. Pharoah13079471338
Jerome Ritz12064447987
Reza Malekzadeh118900139272
Robert N. Weinreb117112459101
Javad Parvizi11196951075
Omid C. Farokhzad11032964226
Ali Mohammadi106114954596
Alexander R. Vaccaro102117939346
John R. Speakman9566734484
Philip J. Devereaux94443110428
Rafael Lozano94265126513
Mohammad Abdollahi90104535531
Ingmar Skoog8945828998
Morteza Mahmoudi8333426229
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023105
2022524
20216,041
20206,181
20195,322
20184,885