Showing papers by "Tel Aviv University published in 1973"
TL;DR: In this paper, the existence of equilibrium points in TV-person non-cooperative games in normal form is generalized to the case when there is a continuum of players endowed with a nonatomic measure.
Abstract: The Nash theorem on the existence of equilibrium points inTV-person non-cooperative games in normal form is generalized to the case when there is a continuum of players endowed with a nonatomic measure. The mathematical tools are those used in mathematical economics, in particular, markets with a continuum of traders. The main result shows that under a restriction on the payoff functions there exists an equilibrium in pure strategies.
573 citations
TL;DR: Differentiation under the Integral Sign (DOS) as mentioned in this paper is a special case of the DOS problem, and it can be seen as an instance of DOS in the classical setting.
Abstract: (1973). Differentiation Under the Integral Sign. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 80, No. 6, pp. 615-627.
344 citations
201 citations
TL;DR: The standard redox potential at I= 0.01, 25°C and pH 7.0 has been determined for the following species of cytochrome c: horse heart, baker's yeast isoenzyme-1, Candida species yeast, tuna heart and turkey heart, and the thermodynamic parameters of the redox reaction were evaluated.
Abstract: The standard redox potential at I= 0.01, 25°C and pH 7.0 has been determined for the following species of cytochrome c: horse heart, baker's yeast isoenzyme-1, Candida species yeast, tuna heart and turkey heart. The thermodynamic parameters of the redox reaction were evaluated and found to be identical, within experimental error, in the five species investigated. The effect of pH on the standard redox potential of horse heart cytochrome c was studied in the pH range 7.0–11.2. A single heme-linked ionization of the oxidized protein was observed in this pH range, with a dissociation constant of 3 × 10−9 at I= 0 and 25°C. The effects of the electrostatic media on the standard redox potential of horse heart cytochrome c depend on the nature of the anions employed. For non-binding medium at 25°C, the observed potential dependence on the ionic strength is given by the equation: E0obs= 0.274–0.336 √I/(1 + 6√I). In binding medium, specific binding of ions to the protein takes place.
195 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the vibrational relaxation of a guest molecule in a host matrix and derived explicit solutions for the Wigner-Weisskopf approximation for both single phonon and multiphonon processes, which was applied for the study of the time evolution of the distribution, the cooling and heating processes of the oscillator by a thermal field and for the coupling between vibrati...
Abstract: In this paper we consider some features of vibrational relaxation of a guest molecule in a host matrix. The model system involves a harmonic molecule interacting with a harmonic medium. The molecule-medium coupling was handled by the rotating wave approximation considering linear terms in the intramolecular displacements and high terms in the medium displacements. Three specific models for the molecule-medium coupling were considered, which involve single phonon decay, vibron-phonon decay and multiphonon decay. Within the framework of the random phase approximation the Heisenberg equations of motion for the system could be expressed in terms of a unified scheme which is valid for both single phonon and multiphonon processes. Explicit solutions were derived utilizing the Wigner-Weisskopf approximation. This generalized formalism was applied for the study of the time evolution of the distribution, the cooling and the heating processes of the oscillator by a thermal field and for the coupling between vibrati...
168 citations
TL;DR: Findings supported the hypothesis of the duality and the orthogonality of dimensions of Jewish and American identity, and cast doubt on the notion forwarded by some researchers that Jewish-American identity forms a bipolar continuum.
Abstract: The main problem posed in this study is: What are the content and structure of Jewish and American identity? The Jewish-American Identity Scale, which was adapted and refined for this study, was administered in 1971 to four samples, totaling 1006 Jewish-American college students from various parts of the United States. Initially, factor analysis was applied to the separate samples. Intersample comparisons of factor structures indicated a high degree of congruency; consequently, the samples were combined for subsequent analyses. Factor analysis of the test scores demonstrated that most of the common factor variance was appropriated by two relatively orthogonal factors. Items dealing with American identity and those dealing with Jewish identity had medium to high loadings on the two respective factors. These findings supported the hypothesis of the duality and the orthogonality of dimensions of Jewish and American identity, and cast doubt on the notion forwarded by some researchers that Jewish-American iden...
127 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a classical effective medium theory for the magnetoconductivity tensor in disordered materials which undergo a metal-non-metal transition via a microscopically inhomogeneous transport regime is presented.
Abstract: We present a classical effective-medium theory for the magnetoconductivity tensor in disordered materials which undergo a metal-nonmetal transition via a microscopically inhomogeneous transport regime.
126 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that in the Photosystem I-mediated reaction from reduced 2,4-dichlorophenolindophenol to such low potential electron acceptor as methylviologen, superoxide is formed and results in the oxidation of the ascorbate present in the system, and the ratio ATP2e in this system should be revised in the upward direction.
120 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the existence of an inhomogeneous transport regime in disordered materials in which a gradual metal-semiconductor transition occurs is established, which is sub-divided into pseudometallic and pseudosemiconducting parts by a percolation threshold.
Abstract: We propose the existence of an inhomogeneous transport regime in the disordered materials in which a gradual metal-semiconductor transition occurs. This regime is sub-divided into pseudometallic and pseudosemiconducting parts by a percolation threshold. On the basis of an effective-medium theory, we propose that the pseudometallic regime falls in the density range 8.2-9.3 g/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ in liquid Hg and in the temperature range 1200\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to below 670\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K in liquid Te.
114 citations
TL;DR: Observations performed on coral colonies damaged during a very low tide on the shallow-water reef tables at Eilat (Red Sea), showed that most colonies are able to regenerate if parts of the living tissue remain intact on the skeletons.
Abstract: Observations performed on coral colonies damaged during a very low tide on the shallow-water reef tables at Eilat (Red Sea), showed that most colonies are able to regenerate if parts of the living tissue remain intact on the skeletons. Brain-like corals, such asFavia favus andPlatygyra lamellina, were found to be more resistant to dessication than the delicate bush-like forms. It was also observed that the exposed skeletons of corals were immediately covered by a successive group of algae with a rich invertebrate epifauna among them. It is postulated that unpredicted extreme low water, occurring once in several years, could be the factor that prevents crowding on the reef tables, thus keeping high the level of coralspecies diversity.
114 citations
TL;DR: The frequent oil spills, together with the phosphate dust that reaches the sea, seem to be the factors that cause eutrophication in the shallow lagoon waters of the coral region, and thus the development of algae on the coast of corals is stimulated.
Abstract: 1. This paper summarizes observations performed during 1966, 1968, and 1972, on coral reef flats 7 km south of Eliat (Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea). The aim of this research was to describe the change in numbers of living coral colonies found on the coral tables in connection with pollution occuring in this habitat. A transect technique, developed by Loya and Slobodkin (1971) was used in this research. 2. In each of the three years, 19 ten metre transects were performed in various directions, on the same coral tables. 3. In 1966, 541 living coral colonies were counted in a total of 190 m of transects. At the identical place, this number had decreased to only 195, in 1972. The decrease in corals was found to be accompanied by a prominant increase in algae growth, that expend and develop, thus covering the coral specimens. 4. Especially sensitive to algal development are the branching micropolypal, coral species, that are the representatives of the genera Acropora, Seriatopora, and Stylophora. Of the above three genera counted in 1966, only 10 out of 192 colonies were found intact, in 1972. 5. The high mortality of corals in this locality occured during the years in which an oil terminal plus a mineral and phosphate loading harbour were developed at Eilat. 6. The frequent oil spills, together with the phosphate dust that reaches the sea, seem to be the factors that cause eutrophication in the shallow lagoon waters of the coral region, and thus the development of algae on the coast of corals is stimulated.
TL;DR: In this article, the average grain size is reduced and critical temperature is increased when the oxygen content is increased and the mean free path becomes smaller than the grain size, indicating a build up of insulating barriers between the grains.
Abstract: Granular aluminum films prepared by evaporation in the presence of oxygen show two different behaviors when the oxygen content is increased. First, the average grain size (as measured by the dark-field electron microscopy technique) is reduced and the critical temperature is increased. This increase is neither due to a variation of the lattice parameter which, following our measurements, stays constant and equal to the value of pure Al, nor to a purely electronic effect linked to the small grain size, because in this first regime the grains are essentially in good electrical contact. In a second stage, the average grain size changes little but the mean free path becomes much smaller than the grain size, indicating a build up of insulating barriers between the grains. The critical temperature decreases and the transition becomes broader as the normal-state resistivity increases. We attribute this behavior to the appearance of large critical fluctuations, due to the fact that the decoupled grains tend to have a zero dimensionality.
TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the presence in isolated platelet actomyosin of a control system which “turns-on” the Mg-ATPase of the contractile protein complex at a saturating level of 10−6 M Ca2+ (ref. 2).
Abstract: WE have previously shown that human platelets, in addition to actomyosin, the so-called thrombosthenin1, contain a tropomyosin-like protein2. Furthermore, we provided evidence for the presence in isolated platelet actomyosin of a control system which “turns-on” the Mg-ATPase of the contractile protein complex at a saturating level of 10−6 M Ca2+ (ref. 2).
TL;DR: A model is developed consisting of all the costs incurred when fraction-defective control charts are utilized to control current production, and it is suggested that such control charts can be utilized in an optimal way, if those combinations of sample size, frequency of sampling and extent of control limits from process average will be used.
Abstract: A model is developed consisting of all the costs incurred when fraction-defective control charts are utilized to control current production: cost of sampling, cost of not detecting a change in the process, cost of false indication of change, and cost of re-adjusting detected changes. It is suggested that such control charts can be utilized in an optimal way, if those combinations of sample size, frequency of sampling and extent of control limits from process average will be used that provide the minimum total cost. It is further suggested that, by applying any specific cost data to this model, these optimal decision values can be easily evaluated by computer enumeration.
TL;DR: This is the first demonstration in man of an overproduction disease due to excess activity of a regulatory enzyme as a direct effect of mutation and the enzyme is shown to be allosteric.
TL;DR: In this article, it was proved that the self-similar solution of the nonlinear equation of filtration gives the asymptotic representation of the solution of Cauchy problem for the same equation.
Abstract: It is proved that the self-similar solution of the nonlinear equation of filtration gives the asymptotic representation of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the same equation.
TL;DR: Young leaves of salt-depleted Aeluropus litoralis Parl.
Abstract: Young leaves of salt-depleted Aeluropus litoralis Parl. plants show CO2 fixation by the C3-carbon fixation pathway. No detectable activity of phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) carboxylase was found. When A. litoralis plants were exposed to a NaCl solution, the leaves showed a high activity of PEP carboxylase as well as a significant CO2 fixation by the C4-pathway. — Also in Zea mays L. and Chloris gayana Kunth., the presence of NaCl in the medium influences the balance between phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase and ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase.
TL;DR: Phospholipase was isolated (in two fractions) from Vipera palestinae venom and it was shown to possess phospholip enzyme A activity (hydrolyzing diacyl-sn-glycerophosphorylcholines, e.g., lecithin, in the 2-position).
TL;DR: The increased responsiveness of platelets to ADP in MI patients indicates disturbed hemostasis in these patients, and might also play a role in the pathogenesis atherosclerosis.
TL;DR: The mating behavior of 15 male rats was measured after treatment with δ1(2)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and propylene glycol (vehicle), and deterioration in sexual performance is interpreted as reflecting a decreased motivation to copulate under the influence of the drug.
Abstract: The mating behavior of 15 male rats was measured after treatment with δ1(2)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and propylene glycol (vehicle). Administration of either 2 mg per kg or 3 mg per kg body weight of THC was followed by significant increases in latency to the first mount, latency to ejaculation, and latency to the first mount following ejaculation. No significant changes were found in the number of intromissions or mounts. The deterioration in sexual performance is interpreted as reflecting a decreased motivation to copulate under the influence of the drug.
TL;DR: Large amounts of 14C-labeled acids were found in the phospholipids of the intestinal wall, hemolymph diglycerides and fat body glycerides, and trace amounts of free acids were detected in these tissues.
TL;DR: A method is described for the determination of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine in urine, which involves hydrolysis of 1 ml of urine in 6 N HCl at 120° overnight, adjustment to pH 13, and extraction into isoamyl alcohol.
TL;DR: Energy conservation in membranes of Escherichia coli can be restored either by the isolated crude coupling factor or by N, N ′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) but not by Dio-9 or oligomycin.
TL;DR: Examination of renal tissue by a fluorescent antibody technic suggested that immune complexes containing Australia antigen might be involved in the pathogenesis of the glomerular disease.
Abstract: A patient with chronic active hepatitis and persistent Australia antigenemia developed glomerulonephritis with pathologic features of chronic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Examination of renal tissue by a fluorescent antibody technic suggested that immune complexes containing Australia antigen might be involved in the pathogenesis of the glomerular disease.
TL;DR: In this paper, the eye movements (Ems) were recorded in conjunction with either monaural or dichotic tasks of focused attention, and three experiments were described in which eye movements were recorded and two main effects were observed in the Ems records: listening to auditory messages reduced the occurrence of spontaneous Ems.
Abstract: Three experiments are described in which eye movements (Ems) were recorded in conjunction with either monaural or dichotic tasks of focused attention. Two main effects were observed in the Ems records: (1) Listening to auditory messages reduced the occurrence of spontaneous Ems. (2) Selective monitoring of one ear in the dichotic task was accompanied by a consistent pattern of directional Ems characterized by big saccades and long changes of eye fixation in the direction of the relevant ear. The pattern of Ems is affected by the following variables: the presentation rate of the auditory information, the frequency of demands to switch orientation between the ears, and the competition of the irrelevant channel in the dichotic task. It is suggested that the eye-movement mechanism is used in selective listening tasks as a general orientation indicator, when the adoption or maintenance of a certain selective set is difficult and demanding of effort. The Ems response is part of a general orientation pattern, although its usual function is in the field of visual perception.
TL;DR: Myxococcus xanthus produced an antibiotic during the end of its exponential growth phase which was capable of inhibiting growth of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and the role of the antibiotic in the predatory behavior of myxococci was studied.
Abstract: Myxococcus xanthus produced an antibiotic during the end of its exponential growth phase which was capable of inhibiting growth of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotic was bactericidal to growing cultures only; chloramphenicol inhibited the bactericidal action of the antibiotic. Upon addition of the antibiotic to Escherichia coli B, deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid as well as turbidity of the culture continued to increase even after the viable count decreased; the culture lysed about 60 min after addition of sufficient concentrations of the antibiotic. Spheroplasts could be prepared if the antibiotic was added to a culture growing in the presence of high concentrations of sucrose and MgSO 4 . Mutants of M. xanthus FB which are incapable of fruiting body formation or glycerol-induced myxospore formation also produced the antibiotic. A mutant of E. coli resistant to the purified antibiotic was isolated in order to study the role of the antibiotic in the predatory behavior of myxococci.
TL;DR: Intact glands and gland slices of V ammodytes and V palaestinae, taken from snakes a few days after milking, incorporated [14C]amino acids into proteins in vitro at a rate higher than that of unmilked glands.
Abstract: Morphological changes in the venom gland of V. ammodytes were studied after the removal of the venom from the gland lumina (milking) It was found that the height of the secretory cells was changed during the secretory cycle. The patterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and of the Golgi complex were changed as well Milking induced an increased incorporation of [14C]amino acids into total and venom proteins In V ammodytes, during the first day after milking, 25% of the total counts in protein were precipitable by anti-venom serum, while at 8 days, 80% of the proteins synthesized were venom proteins At this stage, the incorporation was 10- and 20-fold that of unmilked glands for total and venom proteins, respectively. Venom was accumulated (secreted) in the gland lumina of V. ammodytes at a relatively high rate up to 2 wk after milking and leveled off afterwards. Intact glands and gland slices of V ammodytes and V palaestinae, taken from snakes a few days after milking, incorporated [14C]amino acids into proteins in vitro at a rate higher than that of unmilked glands. The activity of two exportable enzymes (phosphodiesterase and benzoyl arginyl ethyl esterase) was assayed in gland homogenates of V. ammodytes. It was found that 2–3 wk after milking, the intracellular level of these enzymes was up to 2-fold that of unmilked glands.
TL;DR: This paper considers an n-phase generalization of the typical M/M/1 queuing model, where the queuing-type birth-and-death process is defined on a continuous-time n-state Marker chain, and observes that closed-form results for the limiting probabilities are difficult to obtain, if at all possible.
Abstract: This paper considers an n-phase generalization of the typical M/M/1 queuing model, where the queuing-type birth-and-death process is defined on a continuous-time n-state Marker chain. It shows that many models analyzed in the literature can be considered special cases of this framework. The paper focuses on the steady-state regime, and observes that, in general, closed-form results for the limiting probabilities are difficult to obtain, if at all possible. Hence, numerical methods should be employed. For an interesting special case, explicit results are obtained that are analogous to the classical solutions for the simple M/M/1 queue.