Temple University

About: Temple University is a education organization based out in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 32154 authors who have published 64375 publications receiving 2219828 citations.

Normative comparisons for the evaluation of clinical significance.

Abstract: Normative comparisons are a procedure for evaluating the clinical significance of therapeutic interventions. This procedure, consisting of comparing data on treated individuals with that of normative individuals, is described, and a step-by-step statistical methodology for conducting normative comparisons in the context of treatment-outcome research is presented. Four examples of the methodology are outlined in detail. Attention is paid to potential theoretical, statistical, and methodological challenges to the implementation of normative comparisons, as well as to the advantages of normative comparisons in providing evidence for the beneficial gains of treatment.

The classification of malignant melanoma and its histologic reporting

Abstract: Apart from the rare malignant melanomas occurring in blue nevi, primary cutaneous malignant melanoma arises in 1 of 3 ways, regardless of the presence or absence of a pre-existing nevus. These three types have been designated: 1. Malignant melanoma, invasive, with adjacent intra-epidermal component of Hutchinson's melanotic freckle type; 2. Malignant melanoma, invasive, with adjacent intra-epidermal component of superficial spreading type; and 3. Malignant melanoma, invasive, without adjacent intra-epidermal component. Occasionally, both clinically and histologically, there may be difficulty in deciding whether a malignant melanoma belongs to category 1 or 2, but, in the majority of cases, these 2 types can be quite readily distinguished. In addition to recording the histogenetic mode of development of a malignant melanoma, a histologic system of reporting is recommended which includes mitotic activity, levels of invasion, and vascular involvement. There are other parameters such as the cell type, pigmentation, lymphocytic infiltrates, evidence of spontaneous regression, associated nevi, and solar changes in the dermis, all of which are of unknown significance. The recording of these features, which are clearly of interest for research purposes, is left to individual discretion. It is emphasized that all the usual macroscopic descriptions and measurements should continue to be recorded.

The Value of Outside Directors: Evidence from Corporate Governance Reform in Korea

Abstract: This paper examines the valuation impacts of outside independent directors in Korea, where a regulation requiring outside directors was instituted after the Asian financial crisis. In contrast to studies of U.S. firms, the effects of independent directors on firm performance are strongly positive. Foreigners also have positive impacts. The effects of indigenous institutions such as chaebol or family control are insignificant or negative. This implies that the effect of outsiders depends on board composition as well as the nature of market in which the firm operates.

Video Analysis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Abnormalities in Hip and Ankle Kinematics

Abstract: BackgroundMost anterior cruciate ligament research is limited to variables at the knee joint and is performed in the laboratory setting, often with subjects postinjury. There is a paucity of information on the position of the hip and ankle during noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury.HypothesisWhen landing after maneuvers, athletes with anterior cruciate ligament injury (subjects) show a more flatfooted profile and more hip flexion than uninjured athletes (controls).Study DesignCase control study; Level of evidence, 3.MethodsData from 29 videos of subjects were compared with data from 27 videos of controls performing similar maneuvers. Joint angles were analyzed in 5 sequential frames in sagittal or coronal planes, starting with initial ground-foot contact. Hip, knee, and ankle joint angles were measured in each sequence in the sagittal plane and hip and knee angles in the coronal plane with computer software. The portion of the foot first touching the ground and the number of sequences required fo...