Temple University

About: Temple University is a education organization based out in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 32154 authors who have published 64375 publications receiving 2219828 citations.

Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects

Abstract: We have studied the effect of fasting on serum leptin levels in normal volunteers. Five normal-weight (BMI 28, 2 males/3 females) were fasted (0 Kcal) for 52 h. Mean plasma glucose decreased from 88 +/- 3 to 63 +/- 5 mg/dl, serum insulin from 16 +/- 1 to 10 +/- 1 microU/ml, plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 1.8 +/- 0.4 mumol/ml. Serum leptin levels were higher in the obese than in the normal-weight volunteers (31 +/- 12 vs 11 +/- 3 ng/ml, p < 0.01). In the obese, serum leptin decreased from 31 +/- 10 to 12 +/- 5 ng/ml aft552 h (-72%, p < 0.001); in the normal-weight it decreased from 11 +/- 3 to 4 +/- 0.5 ng/ml (-64%, p < 0.001). Serum leptin correlated positively with serum insulin (r = 0.51, p < 0.001) and with plasma glucose (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). To determine effects of fasting induced decreases in plasma glucose and insulin on serum leptin, four normal subjects (3 males/1 female) were fasted for 72 h while their plasma glucose was clamped at basal levels with a variable rate glucose infusion. In these volunteers, serum leptin and insulin concentrations remained unchanged. In summary, the rapid decrease in serum leptin levels during fasting indicated that leptin release was regulated by factors other than changes in body fat mass. The lack of leptin changes during fasting, when basal insulin and glucose levels were maintained at basal levels, suggested that insulin and/or glucose may play a role in the regulation of leptin release.

Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts

Abstract: New theoretical approaches to the study of negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts "The making of an American" - negotiation of identities at the turn of the 20th century, Aneta Pavlenko constructions of identity in political discourse in multilingual Britain, Adrian Blackledge negotiating between bourge and racaille - Verlan as youth identity practice in suburban Paris, Meredith Doran (Pennsylvania State University) Black Deaf or Deaf Black? being Black and Deaf in Britain, Melissa James and Bencie Woll (City University, London) mothers and mother tongue - perspectives on self-construction by mothers of Pakistani heritage, Jean Mills (University of Birmingham) the politics of identity, representation, and the discourses of self-identification, Frances Giampapa (University of Toronto) Alice doesn't live here anymore - foreign language learning and identity reconstruction, Celeste Kinginger (Pennsylvania State University) intersections of literacy and construction of social identities, Benedicta Egbo (University of Windsor) multilingual writers and the struggle for voice in academic discourse, Suresh Canagarajah (City University of New York) identity and language use - the politics of speaking ESL in schools, Jennifer Miller (University of Queensland) sending mixed messages - language minority education at a Japanese public elementary school, Yasuko Kanno (University of Washington)

Performance of Some Resistant Rules for Outlier Labeling

Abstract: The techniques of exploratory data analysis include a resistant rule for identifying possible outliers in univariate data. Using the lower and upper fourths, FL and FU (approximate quartiles), it labels as “outside” any observations below FL − 1.5(FU — FL ) or above FU + 1.5(FU — FL ). For example, in the ordered sample −5, −2, 0, 1, 8, FL = −2 and FU = 1, so any observation below −6.5 or above 5.5 is outside. Thus the rule labels 8 as outside. Some related rules also use cutoffs of the form FL — k(FU — FL ) and FU + k(FU — FL ). This approach avoids the need to specify the number of possible outliers in advance; as long as they are not too numerous, any outliers do not affect the location of the cutoffs. To describe the performance of these rules, we define the some-outside rate per sample as the probability that a sample will contain one or more outside observations. Its complement is the all-inside rate per sample. We also define the outside rate per observation as the average fraction of outs...

DisProt: the Database of Disordered Proteins

Abstract: The Database of Protein Disorder (DisProt) links structure and function information for intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). Intrinsically disordered proteins do not form a fixed three-dimensional structure under physiological conditions, either in their entireties or in segments or regions. We define IDP as a protein that contains at least one experimentally determined disordered region. Although lacking fixed structure, IDPs and regions carry out important biological functions, being typically involved in regulation, signaling and control. Such functions can involve high-specificity low-affinity interactions, the multiple binding of one protein to many partners and the multiple binding of many proteins to one partner. These three features are all enabled and enhanced by protein intrinsic disorder. One of the major hindrances in the study of IDPs has been the lack of organized information. DisProt was developed to enable IDP research by collecting and organizing knowledge regarding the experimental characterization and the functional associations of IDPs. In addition to being a unique source of biological information, DisProt opens doors for a plethora of bioinformatics studies. DisProt is openly available at http://www.disprot.org.