Temple University

About: Temple University is a education organization based out in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 32154 authors who have published 64375 publications receiving 2219828 citations.

Coactivation of two different G protein-coupled receptors is essential for ADP-induced platelet aggregation

Abstract: ADP is an important platelet agonist causing shape change and aggregation required for physiological hemostasis. We recently demonstrated the existence of two distinct G protein-coupled ADP receptors on platelets, one coupled to phospholipase C, P2Y1, and the other to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, P2TAC. In this study, using specific antagonists for these two receptors, we demonstrated that concomitant intracellular signaling from both the P2TAC and P2Y1 receptors is essential for ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Inhibition of signaling through either receptor, by specific antagonists, is sufficient to block ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, signaling through the P2TAC receptor could be replaced by activation of α2A-adrenergic receptors. On the other hand, activation of serotonin receptors supplements signaling through the P2Y1 receptor. Moreover, this mechanism of ADP-induced platelet aggregation could be mimicked by coactivation of two non-ADP receptors coupled to Gi and Gq, neither of which can cause platelet aggregation by itself. We propose that platelet aggregation results from concomitant signaling from both the Gi and Gq, a mechanism by which G protein-coupled receptors elicit a physiological response.

The Contribution of Early Communication Quality to Low-Income Children’s Language Success

Abstract: The disparity in the amount and quality of language that low-income children hear relative to their more-affluent peers is often referred to as the 30-million-word gap. Here, we expand the literature about this disparity by reporting the relative contributions of the quality of early parent-child communication and the quantity of language input in 60 low-income families. Including both successful and struggling language learners from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, we noted wide variation in the quality of nonverbal and verbal interactions (symbol-infused joint engagement, routines and rituals, fluent and connected communication) at 24 months, which accounted for 27% of the variance in expressive language 1 year later. These indicators of quality were considerably more potent predictors of later language ability than was the quantity of mothers’ words during the interaction or sensitive parenting. Bridging the word gap requires ...

What attracts foreign multinational corporations? evidence from branch plant location in the united states

Abstract: . The location decisions of foreign multinational corporations (FMNCs) are analyzed using a conditional logit model with states as the choice set. We consider the establishment of new manufacturing plants and separately analyze the site selection of all MNCs, Japanese MNCs, and European MNCs. The results indicate that access to markets, labor market conditions, state promotional efforts to attract foreign investment, and state and local personal taxes are significant fadors in the location decision. The decision determinants for Japanese and European MNCs are found to be different.