Showing papers by "Texas Christian University published in 1983"
TL;DR: This article measured the effects of foreign economic, political, and cultural environments on American consumers' willingness to buy foreign products and found that respondents were most willing to buy products from economically developed free countries with a European, Australian, or New Zealand culture.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of foreign economic, political, and cultural environments on American consumers' willingness to buy foreign products. Results of a self-administered mail questionnaire revealed that respondents were most willing to buy products from economically developed free countries with a European, Australian, or New Zealand culture.
400 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the impact of several contextual factors on actors' selection of strategies to manage failure events, including characteristics of the reproacher/actor relationship, communicative goal-orientation of the actors, severity of the failure event, character of the reproach for the failure, and the actors' degree of expressed guilt.
Abstract: This study sought to examine the impact upon actors' selection of strategies to manage failure events of several contextual factors: characteristics of the reproacher/actor relationship, communicative goal-orientation of the actors, severity of the failure event, character of the reproach for the failure event, and the actors' degree of expressed guilt. Results indicated that actors elected to make no response when they felt less guilt, when there was no overt reproach, when their instrumental goal (securing honoring) was unimportant, and when the failure event was a severe offense. Concessions were used when the reproachers said nothing or projected a concession, when the offense was severe, when the actors' instrumental goal was important, and when they felt guilty. Actors chose to justify their behavior in high intimate situations where their instrumental goal was less important. Refusal to account was most likely to occur when reproachers used an aggravating reproach form, when actors felt unjustly accused, and when reproachers were dominant. Excuses were fairly uniformly distributed across all contexts.
266 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the shape functions for atomic-field bremsstrahlung for 24 atoms with atomic number Z ranging from 1 to 92 for six incident electron energies T 1 from 1.5 to 500 keV were presented.
190 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a cusp catastrophe model was developed to explain job turnover of nursing employees, and the temporal dynamics of the catastrophe model suggest that leavers experience lower organization commitment than new arrivals.
Abstract: A cusp catastrophe model is developed to explain job turnover of nursing employees. The temporal dynamics of the catastrophe model suggest that leavers experience lower organization commitment than...
162 citations
TL;DR: Methods for estimating multivariate relationships particular to each individual entity and for summarizing these relationships for a number of individuals are reviewed.
Abstract: A data base that provides a multivariate statistical history for each of a number of individual entities is called a pooled cross-sectional and time series data base in the econometrics literature. In marketing and survey literature the terms panel data or longitudinal data are often used. In management science a convenient term might be management data base. Such a data base provides a particularly rich environment for statistical analysis. This article reviews methods for estimating multivariate relationships particular to each individual entity and for summarizing these relationships for a number of individuals. Inference to a larger population when the data base is viewed as a sample is also considered.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of implicit theories is used to explain how the ideas of organization designers are translated into organizational structures and how organization members respond to structural characteristics, and strategies for measuring the implicit theories of organizing on which these explanations are based are discussed.
Abstract: The concept of implicit theories is used to explain how the ideas of organization designers are translated into organizational structures. The concept is also used to explain how organization members respond to structural characteristics. Research strategies for measuring the implicit theories of organizing on which these explanations are based are also discussed.
64 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the epidermis contributes to raising and closing of the neural folds in the Mexican salamander Ambystoma mexicanum, and that epidermal spreading is prevented by colchicine but only slightly affected by nocodazole.
Abstract: We analysed the neurulation movements in the Mexican salamander Ambystoma mexicanum. Embryos were exposed to colchicine or nocodazole prior to neural fold formation. Exposure to these drugs prevented the anterior neural folds from closing. Neurulation however proceeded normally in the posterior regions of the embryo. We were unable to find apically constricted cells in the neural plate of colchicine-blocked neurulae. Only rounded-up neural plate cells were present (semithin sections). This situation was typical in embryos exposed to colchicine prior to neural fold formation. Concentrations of colchicine up to 2.5 x 10(-3) were not capable of blocking neurulation once the neural folds were formed. The wedge-shaped cells were present in similar numbers to those found in controls. We quantified the cell shape changes in the neural plate and in the epidermis in both controls and drug-arrested embryos. The comparison of these to classes of data shows that epidermal spreading is prevented by colchicine but only slightly affected by nocodazole. Embryos blocked in late neurulation by exposure to these drugs can resume neurulation following neural plate excision in nocodazole but not in colchicine. We conclude from this observation that the epidermis contributes to raising and closing of the neural folds. The presence of neural folds in absence of wedge-shaped cells in the neural plate is also taken as evidence that neurulation is not exclusively driven by forces generated in or acting on the neural plate. Our view on the concerted interplay of various embryonic components is illustrated in a summarizing diagram (Fig. 11).
50 citations
TL;DR: This article investigated whether communicator characteristics (gender and communicator dominance) in nonverbal displays in truth-telling circumstances can be used to predict differences in deception cue leakage and found that low dominant liars employed shorter latencies prior to lying and during a prepared lie than low dominant truth-tellers.
Abstract: This study investigates whether communicator characteristics (gender and communicator dominance) in nonverbal displays in truth‐telling circumstances can be used to predict differences in deception cue leakage. Based on the arguments advanced by Hocking and Leathers in their 1980 article, it was argued that individuals who are more likely to exhibit a controllable behavior that is judged as stereotypical of liars during truth‐telling would be more likely to suppress the behavior when lying. Male liars suppressed leg/foot movement and the use of illustrators when lying and increased facial adapting when lying (but only when prepared to lie). Contrary to expectations, there were no gender differences for laughter/smiling or for eye contact duration. Low dominant liars employed shorter latencies prior to lying and during a prepared lie than low dominant truth‐tellers. Low dominant liars also provided briefer answers and engaged in less postural shifting throughout the entire interaction than low dominant tru...
41 citations
TL;DR: Based upon 1970 U.S. Census data and an ethnic stratification analytical framework, this article examined the socioeconomic roles of Asian American women in the United States relative to Anglo women.
Abstract: Based upon 1970 U.S. Census data and an ethnic stratification analytical framework, this study examines the socioeconomic roles of AsianAmerican women in the United States relative to Anglo women. In general, Asian-American women are more likely to participate in the labor force and to have above-average earnings. The earnings advantage ofAsian women can be explained by theirsuperior educational qualifications, greater levels of full-time work, and geographical location. In spite of their relatively favorable economic position, some Asian women, particularly recent immigrants, remain in the low wage sector of the economy.
41 citations
TL;DR: A learning strategies program emphasizing primary (text-oriented), and support (affective) strategies was evaluated in this paper, where participants were given training in one of two sequences: primary-support or support-primary.
Abstract: A learning strategies program emphasizing primary (text-oriented), and support (affective) strategies was evaluated Participants were given training in one of two sequences: primary-support or support-primary A no-treatment group served as a control In general, the results revealed that strategy training significantly improved performance on both text-processing and self-report measures The primary-support group typically scored higher than the support-primary group on the text-processing measures Conversely, the support-primary group reported more positive responses on the self-report measures Long-term follow-up results are also presented
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, alternative concepts of equity and their implications regarding the allocation and marketing of public services are explored and compared to the traditional concept or standard of equity employed by decision-makers.
Abstract: The public service delivery process is largely shaped by two related sets of decisions. Allocation decisions determine who gets what; distribution decisions dictate when, where, and how services will be delivered. These decisions are substantially influenced by the concept or standard of equity employed by decision-makers. This article explores alternative concepts of equity and their implications regarding the allocation and marketing of public services.
TL;DR: In this article, the free radical spectrum of bitumen and its heptane-asphaltene and heptonane-petrolene fractions extracted from P.R. Spring (Utah) tar sand have been investigated using EPR at 9.2 GHz.
TL;DR: In this paper, the crystal structures of four thioxanthenium bis(carbomethoxy)methylides and methylides of di-(p-nitro-phenyl)sulfonium and dimethyl sulfonium have been determined.
TL;DR: In this article, the preparative and derivative chemistry of silylated (methylene)phosphines including (Me3Si)2NP[dbnd]CHSiMe3, MesP[DBnd]C(SiMe 3)2, and a stable 1-phosphadiene system is reported.
Abstract: The preparative and derivative chemistry of several silylated (methylene)phosphines including (Me3Si)2NP[dbnd]CHSiMe3, MesP[dbnd]C(SiMe3)2, and a stable 1-phosphadiene system is reported.
TL;DR: The reported inhibition of uptake of serotonin by 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine and lysergic acid diethylamide into whole brain synaptosomes was not reproducible at concentrations 102 to 104 times higher than those stated in the literature.
Abstract: The effect of 13 hallucinogens on the uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine into hippocampal synaptosomes and of serotonin and dopamine into caudate synaptosomes was found to be inhibitory, except for lysergic acid diethylamide and 2-bromolysergic acid diethylamide, which were inactive. The indolealkylamines were generally more potent than the phenylethylamines. The reported inhibition of uptake of serotonin by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and lysergic acid diethylamide into whole brain synaptosomes was not reproducible at concentrations 10(2) to 10(4) times higher than those stated in the literature.
TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of having students generate their own headings for scientific text is assessed, and the results reveal that generating headings enhance performance on a number of recall measures compared to either author-provided headings or no headings.
TL;DR: A study of the question of predictability based on early returns revealed serious problems with a prediction technique offered in the literature.
Abstract: The response to business reply envelopes and first class stamped return envelopes was compared. Although response rates were significantly different, the speed of responses, in terms of how long it took respondents to answer, was not. A study of the question of predictability based on early returns revealed serious problems with a prediction technique offered in the literature.
TL;DR: In this article, the rate of MCD chlorination was investigated on a stopped-flow spectrophotometric time scale, and it was shown that the chlorination rate was zero-order in MCD, first order in ClO2 and showed a complex dependence on heme.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used data from the first two waves of the Youth in Transition study to demonstrate the importance of considering suppressor effects in delinquency research and found that social class is, in fact, related to delinquent involvement but that the relationship is apparent only when controlling for the attachment variables.
Abstract: Delinquency research is characterized by empirical models which generally afford low degrees of explanatory power. While the small R2s which characterize the discipline may be attributed, in part, to methodological and theoretical problems, part of the explanation for the insufficiency of our models may lie in a failure to consider the statistical issue of suppression. Utilizing data from the first two waves of the Youth in Transition study, an empirical example is offered in an attempt to demonstrate the importance of considering suppressor effects in delinquency research.Beginning with a bivariate correlation between social class and delinquency that is effectively zero, multivariate analyses are conducted in order to determine whether attachment to school serves as a suppressor in this relationship. The results of the analyses reveal that social class is, in fact, related to delinquent involvement but that the relationship is apparent only when controlling for the attachment variables. Ramifications of...
TL;DR: Observations suggest that the metabolic state of the stationary phase cell is an important factor in the ability to respond to conditions inducing germ tube formation, and that yeast cells of Candida albicans must reach stationary phase before acquiring ability to carry out the yeast-mycelial transition.
Abstract: When grown and induced to form germ tubes in liquid defined media, yeast cells of Candida albicans must reach stationary phase before acquiring ability to carry out the yeast-mycelial transition. This study examined the effect of the carbon source utilized for yeast growth on the inducibility of stationary phase yeast. When grown to the same stationary phase cell density as glucose cultures, cultures grown on citrate were fully inducible while cultures grown on galactose and mannose showed a small reduction. Cultures grown on ethanol were reduced 80% in morphological conversion. When glucose grown cells were induced in the presence of these carbon sources, hexoses supported full induction while ethanol reduced induction 80%. Induction in the presence of carboxylic acids was similar to induction in the absence of added carbon source. When induced on the same source used in yeast growth, germ tube formation was reduced for all carbon sources except hexoses. When induced in the absence of added carbon source, yeasts grown on citrate and ethanol were inhibited 80-100%. Cultures starved for glucose were more inhibited than cultures starved for NH4Cl when induced without added carbon source. These observations suggest that the metabolic state of the stationary phase cell is an important factor in the ability to respond to conditions inducing germ tube formation.
TL;DR: The data suggest that a common cell body reaction mediated the changes in pineal and the sympathetic sprouting in the hippocampus, and changes in intensity and density of innervation were correlated with time in days after the lesions.
TL;DR: There were significant outcome differences among the DF agencies, but they were explained by variations in the background characteristics of the particular types of clients served by each agency.
Abstract: The present study examined variations in posttreatment outcomes for clients treated in the same modality but in different treatment agencies located across the United States. Three modalities were studied, represented by seven methadone maintenance (MM) programs, seven therapeutic community (TC) programs, and nine outpatient drug-free (DF) programs. Agency differences within MM and TC programs were not significantly different on posttreatment outcomes for opioid use, nonopioid use, alcohol use, productive activities, and criminality. There were significant outcome differences among the DF agencies, but they were explained by variations in the background characteristics
TL;DR: The BARS evaluations indicated a leniency bias because the performance ratings tended to cluster in the upper half of the scale ranges, and the reliability of the BARS performance measures was examined by having the immediate supervisors evaluate the job performance of nurses and aides in ten nursing homes.
Abstract: Nursing employees at four nursing homes participated in the development of Behavioral Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) to measure the job performance of individual nurses and aides. The reliability of the BARS performance measures was examined by having the immediate supervisors evaluate the job performance of nurses and aides in ten nursing homes. The BARS evaluations had significant convergent reliability between two independent evaluations of the same employees. There were no significant differences in the employees' performance ratings provided by two independent raters. Moreover, both raters tended to agree on the direction and magnitude of the changes in job performance ratings that were recorded over a six-month interval. The BARS evaluations, however, indicated a leniency bias because the performance ratings tended to cluster in the upper half of the scale ranges. There was also a "halo" effect in the evaluations, resulting in little discriminant reliability between the employees' performance ratings on different job dimensions.
TL;DR: In this article, a laboratory experiment involving 144 student subjects was conducted to examine the effects of performance cues on descriptions of leader behavior, and the concept of involvement was invoked in order to create varying vantage points (observation versus participation) from which subjects would view leader behavior.
TL;DR: This study examined time in treatment and the percentage of clients who quit or were expelled from drug treatment clinics as dependent measures in a general model and suggested that both clinic variables and client composition variables are important predictors of clinic retention.
TL;DR: This paper argued that the primary dimensions of a woman's role are her respon sibilities as mother, wife, and home maker, and that the nuclear family with a traditional mothering role for women has been supported by a group designating it self as "profamily."
Abstract: Public support for child care is again a contemporary issue. This time, however, the discussion is colored by a debate between opposing ideologies and their views on the role of women. From one perspective, the nuclear family with a traditional mothering role for women has been supported by a group designating it self as "profamily." Although this title is itself politicized—advocates for al ternatives to a traditional mothering role for women are not, by definition, "antifamily"—the profamily group argues that the primary dimensions of a woman's role are her respon sibilities as mother, wife, and home maker.