Showing papers by "The Chinese University of Hong Kong published in 1990"
01 Apr 1990-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: The L3 experiment as discussed by the authors is one of the six large detectors designed for the new generation of electron-positron accelerators, which is the only detector that concentrates its efforts on limited goals of measuring electrons, muons and photons.
Abstract: The L3 experiment is one of the six large detectors designed for the new generation of electron-positron accelerators. It is the only detector that concentrates its efforts on limited goals of measuring electrons, muons and photons. By not attempting to identify hadrons, L3 has been able to provide an order of magnitude better resolution for electrons, muons and photons. Vertices and hadron jets are also studied. The construction of L3 has involved much state of the art technology in new principles of vertex detection and in new crystals for large scale electromagnetic shower detection and ultraprecise muon detection. This paper presents a summary of the construction of L3.
505 citations
TL;DR: The Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (C-BDI) was administered to 2,150 Chinese secondary school students and was found to have high internal consistency as a scale and high item-total correlations for most of the items.
Abstract: The Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (C-BDI) was administered to 2,150 Chinese secondary school students. The BDI was found to have high internal consistency as a scale and high item-total correlations for most of the items. Factor analysis with a two-factor solution showed that two factors were abstracted from the scale, namely, general depression and somatic disturbances. By randomly splitting the total sample into two subsamples, these two factors could be reproduced reliably, and high coefficients of congruence were found. These findings generally suggest that the Chinese version of the BDI possesses acceptable psychometric properties, and the factor analytic data tend to support Beck's multi-dimensional view of depression as a construct.
279 citations
TL;DR: This paper addresses the question: How is the complex eigenvalue changed when the cavity is perturbed by a small change of dielectric constant, and generalizes the work of Zeldovich for scalar fields in one dimension, expressing the change of frequency in terms of matrix elements involving the unperturbed eigenfunctions, so that the problem is reduced to quadrature.
Abstract: Laser cavities are open systems, in that energy can leak to the outside via output coupling. The ``normal modes'' are therefore quasinormal modes, with eigenvalues that are complex and eigenfunctions that extend outside the cavity, such that any normalization integral is dominated by the region outside; in short, such systems are non-Hermitian. This paper addresses the question: How is the complex eigenvalue (i.e., the mode frequency) changed when the cavity is perturbed by a small change of dielectric constant? The usual time-independent perturbation theory fails because of non-Hermiticity. By generalizing the work of Zeldovich [Sov. Phys.---JETP 12, 542 (1961)] for scalar fields in one dimension, we express the change of frequency in terms of matrix elements involving the unperturbed eigenfunctions, so that the problem is reduced to quadrature. We then apply the formalism to shape perturbations of a dielectric microdroplet, and give analytic formulas for the frequency shifts of the morphology-dependent resonances. These results are, surprisingly, independent of the radial wave function, so that all integrals can be performed and explicit algebraic expressions are given for axially symmetric perturbations.
249 citations
175 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the association between glucose concentration and outcome is a reflection of stress relating to stroke severity, rather than a direct harmful effect of glucose on damaged neurons.
Abstract: • Fasting serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fructosamine concentrations were determined in 304 consecutive subjects admitted with acute stroke, within 48 hours of ictus. Based on the medical history and these results, subjects were divided into known diabetics, newly diagnosed diabetics, subjects with stress hyperglycemia, and nondiabetics. The type of stroke was classified as lacunar infarct, cerebral infarct, or intracerebral hemorrhage, based on clinical examination by a neurologist and computed tomographic brain scan and/or autopsy. Immediate and 3-month outcomes were examined in relation to (1) fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fructosamine levels by stroke subtypes, and (2) glucose tolerance categories by stroke subtypes. A high fasting glucose level was associated with an increased mortality, but this was observed only among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Patients with stress hyperglycemia, but not diabetics, had increased mortality. In spite of having similar glucose concentrations to those patients with stress hyperglycemia, diabetics did not have a worse outcome compared with nondiabetics. It is concluded that the association between glucose concentration and outcome is a reflection of stress relating to stroke severity, rather than a direct harmful effect of glucose on damaged neurons.
160 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that Hong Kong strains of MRSA and MSSA are equally pathogenic: they have similar virulence in animal models; they are isolated in similar proportions from both deep and superficial clinical sites including blood; in patients with hospital-acquired bacteraemias mortality rates are similar when adjusted for clinical factors.
144 citations
TL;DR: One hundred cases of comminuted fracture of the distal radius were treated by a simple uniform method consisting of distraction by an external fixator for 3 weeks followed by functional bracing, with excellent results after an average follow-up period of 20 months.
Abstract: One hundred cases of comminuted fracture of the distal radius were treated by a simple uniform method consisting of distraction by an external fixator for 3 weeks followed by functional bracing During the application of the external fixator, autogenous cancellous bone chips were taken from the iliac crest and packed into the fracture site to realign the juxtaarticular fragments and to fill up the bone gap. Complications have been minimal. The results, after an average follow-up period of 20 months, taking into consideration subjective assessment of pain, objective measurement of wrist motion, and radiologic angles, have been excellent
141 citations
TL;DR: The authors reported the results of a study of confirmational response bias among social work journals and found that the best reviews came from journals outside of soccal work or from journals that were accepted as social work journal but originate with other disciplines.
Abstract: This article reports the results of a study of confirmational response bias among social work journals. A contrived research paper with positive findings and its negative mirror image were submitted to two different groups of social work journals and to two comparison groups of journals outside social work. The quantitative results, suggesting bias, are tentative; but the qualitative findings based upon an analysis of the referee comments are clear and consistent. Few referees from prestigious or nonprestcgrous social work journals prepared reviews that were knowledgeable, scientifically astute, or objective. The best reviews came from journals outside of soccal work or from journals that are accepted as social work journals but originate with other disciplines.
116 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that pericardial effusion, valvular regurgitation and myocardial abnormalities are frequently present in patients with SLE.
Abstract: Cardiac involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was assessed by full echocardiography and continuous wave Doppler in 50 consecutive patients and 50 age- and sex-matched control subjects in a prospective, blinded study. The left ventricular ejection fraction was decreased in patients compared to control subjects (61 +/- 9 vs 68 +/- 7%, p less than 0.001), whereas interventricular septum (12 +/- 3 vs 9 +/- 1 mm, p less than 0.001), and posterior wall dimension (9 +/- 2 vs 8 +/- 1 mm, p less than 0.001), left ventricular mass (186 +/- 54 vs 130 +/- 32 g, p less than 0.001) and mitral valve Doppler A:E ratio (0.8 +/- 0.2 vs 0.7 +/- 0.1, p less than 0.01) were increased. Pericardial effusion was detected in 27 patients and 5 control subjects, and valvular regurgitation was more frequent in the patients (aortic 2 vs 0; mitral 23 vs 5, p less than 0.001; tricuspid 34 vs 22, p less than 0.01 and pulmonary 28 vs 17, p less than 0.05). Mitral or aortic regurgitation was more common in patients with active SLE (60 vs 40%, difference not significant) but was not related to the duration of SLE (r = 0.02), duration of prednisone therapy (r = -0.13) or current dosage of prednisone (r = 0.01). This study demonstrates that pericardial effusion, valvular regurgitation and myocardial abnormalities are frequently present in patients with SLE.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical distinction between cultural, demographic, and personal constructs is made, and a method is presented that extracts a shared element of subjective culture from cultural samples, illustrated with data concerning values obtained in Illinois and Hong Kong.
Abstract: A theoretical distinction is made between cultural, demographic, and personal constructs. The utility of the distinction is illustrated. Taking advantage of the shared aspect of culture, a method is presented that extracts a shared element of subjective culture from cultural samples. The method is illustrated with data concerning values obtained in Illinois and Hong Kong. The method converges with other methods of measurement of values, but has distinct advantages they do not possess. The illustration shows considerable agreement between Illinois and Hong Kong on most values, but also a few large discrepancies indicating extreme modernity in Hong Kong.
110 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded for the present data set that healthy firms seem to give consistent patterns of signals, and whilst this is not generally true of failing firms, a decision-maker could adopt a rule of thumb that would allow the successful dating of failures that occur in the near future.
Abstract: This paper has two purposes. The first purpose is to examine how far the results of Peel and Peel [4] are replicable on a different data set. For the bi-nomial models, we obtain approximately similar within sample results to those of Peel and Peel (approximately 90% predictive accuracy one year prior to failure, to 70% predictive accuracy three years prior to failure). For the multilogit models we also note similar results to those of Peel and Peel; high predictive accuracy for healthy firms and failing firms one year prior to failure, poor predictive accuracy for failing firms for data two or more years prior to failure. The second, and more important purpose of the paper is to examine the whole issue of dating failure in more depth. Although Peel and Peel admirably brought the technique of multilogit analysis to the problem of predicting failure, the issues involved with using it to date failure were given little discussion. We discuss the role of signal consistency across various years of data when dating failure and then examine, on a case by case basis, how well a decision-maker could date failure for the present data set. Whilst noting that the notion of signal consistency is far from straightforward, we conclude for the present data set that healthy firms seem to give consistent patterns of signals. We further conclude that whilst this is not generally true of failing firms, a decision-maker could adopt a rule of thumb that would allow the successful dating of failures that occur in the near future. For more distant failures, we find dating would be a far more haphazard process.
TL;DR: In the hypervariable regions containing reiterated sequences, this analysis showed that while naturally occurring viruses are genetically diverse, only one genotype was detectable in each tumor specimen.
TL;DR: In this article, the analysis of structural equation models with polytomous variables is discussed and a theory for the full simultaneous maximum likelihood estimation of the thresholds and the covariance structure parameters is developed.
TL;DR: A comparative study of hip fracture incidence in Hong Kong and Southampton showed similar incidence rates by age and sex, which can be partly explained by reduction in the levels of activity among the elderly Chinese population.
Abstract: Hip fractures in elderly people are an important public health problem in many Western populations Little is known of their epidemiology in Oriental populations A comparative study of hip fracture incidence in Hong Kong and Southampton showed similar incidence rates by age and sex In the last two decades hip fracture incidence in Hong Kong has increased, particularly among men This can be partly explained by reduction in the levels of activity among the elderly Chinese population
TL;DR: In this article, a three-stage estimator of the thresholds and the covariance structure parameters, based on partition maximum likelihood and generalized least squares estimation, is proposed for structural equation models with polytomous variables.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with the analysis of structural equation models with polytomous variables. A computationally efficient three-stage estimator of the thresholds and the covariance structure parameters, based on partition maximum likelihood and generalized least squares estimation, is proposed. An example is presented to illustrate the method.
TL;DR: The pharmacokinetics of propofol were studied in 12 healthy Chinese children, aged 4-12 yr, undergoing circumcision under inhalation anaesthesia and the mean ratio of k31:k10 suggests that lipophilicity constrains return of the drug to the central compartment.
Abstract: The pharmacokinetics of propofol were studied in 12 healthy Chinese children, aged 4–12 yr, undergoing circumcision under inhalation an-aesthesia. All patients received a single i.v. bolus dose of propofol 2.5 mg kg−1 and blood concentrations of propofol over the subsequent 24 h were measured using high pressure liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. Data were consistent with a three-compartment model with a mean (SEM) elimination half-life of 209 (29) min and total body clearance of 40.4 (3.6) ml min−1 kg−1. The mean (SEM) apparent volume of distribution at steady state was 5.0 (2.7) litre kg−1 and volume of the central compartment was 0.6 (0.1) litre kg−1. The mean (SEM) ratio of k12: k21 was 1.4 (0.2), suggesting that, after injection of a single bolus dose in children, propofol is distributed rapidly to the shallow compartment. The mean ratio of k31: k10 suggests that lipophilicity constrains return of the drug to the central compartment.
TL;DR: Apgar scores were higher with shorter incision to delivery times but were not correlated to umbilical levels of propofol, and distribution of prop ofol is rapid across the placenta and in the fetus.
Abstract: Twenty women were given a bolus induction of propofol 2.0 mg.kg-1 for elective caesarean section. Induction to delivery times ranged from five to fourteen minutes. At delivery the maternal venous (MV) concentrations of propofol ranged from 0.53 to 1.48 micrograms.ml-1 umbilical vein (UV) 0.39 to 1.4 micrograms.ml-1 and umbilical artery (UA) 0.34 to 0.68 micrograms.ml-1 MV propofol concentrations were always higher than corresponding UV concentrations. The mean (95% confidence interval) UV/MV ratio was 0.65 (0.56-0.74) and the mean UA/UV ratio was 1.07 (0.99-1.15). Neither ratio was shown to be correlated with induction to delivery time. Distribution of propofol is rapid across the placenta and in the fetus. Apgar scores were higher with shorter incision to delivery times but were not correlated to umbilical levels of propofol.
TL;DR: In three experiments, native Chinese speakers were asked to use their native and non-native languages to read and translate Chinese words and to name pictures, consistent with the idea that both proficiency in a non- native language and the strategy for acquiring the language are main determinants for the pattern of lexical processing in that language.
Abstract: In three experiments, native Chinese speakers were asked to use their native and non-native languages to read and translate Chinese words and to name pictures. In Experiment 1, four groups of subjects with various degrees of proficiency in their second language, English, participated. In Experiments 2 and 3, subjects were first asked to learn a list of words in a new language, French, using either Chinese words or pictures as media; then they performed the reading, naming, and translation tasks. All subjects performed better in reading words than in naming pictures, when responding in Chinese. When the response was in the non-native language (English or French), high-learning subjects were equally efficient in translation and picture-naming tasks. Low-learning subjects, however, performed better in either the translation or the picture-naming task, depending on their learning strategies. These results are consistent with the idea that both proficiency in a non-native language and the strategy for acquiring the language are main determinants for the pattern of lexical processing in that language.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the multilevel analysis of structural equation models with unbalanced sampling designs, based on the maximum likelihood and the generalized least squares approaches, and derived several statistical results for inference such as the asymptotic distribution of the estimators, goodness-of-fit test statistics for the validity of the model and functional constraints.
Abstract: SUMMARY This paper considers the multilevel analysis of structural equation models with unbalanced sampling designs The analysis is based on the maximum likelihood and the generalized least squares approaches Basic statistical results for inference such as the asymptotic distribution of the estimators, goodness-of-fit test statistics for the validity of the model and functional constraints are developed Computationally, the applications of the scoring algorithm and the Gauss-Newton algorithm are discussed
TL;DR: It is suggested that corticosteroid therapy could be harmful in membranous nephropathy related to hepatitis B surface antigenaemia, as activation of viral replication could occur with corticosterone therapy.
Abstract: The therapeutic benefits and risks of short-term corticosteroid were investigated in 8 patients with membranous nephropathy and hepatitis B surface antigenaemia. Seven patients presented with nephrotic syndrome, and the remaining patient had significant proteinuria. Their liver function tests were normal on repeated examination. Their sera demonstrated the persistent presence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen and high titres of antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen. Hepatitis B virus e antigens were present in the sera of 4 patients at initial presentation. Their clinical responses were compared with 7 similar patients previously treated with diuretic therapy alone and acting as historic controls. Short-term corticosteroid (6 months) with stepwise reduction resulted in an early regression of the nephrotic syndrome in 3 patients. Five patients had persistent but reduced proteinuria. Transient liver impairment was observed in 3 patients. Corticosteroid therapy induced transient viral replication with increased serum concentration of hepatitis B virus e antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA. Two of the 7 patients receiving diuretics developed spontaneous remission though apparently later than those receiving corticosteroid. Yet complications such as liver dysfunction and hypertension were not observed in the patients treated with diuretics. Our findings suggest that corticosteroid therapy could be harmful in membranous nephropathy related to hepatitis B surface antigenaemia, as activation of viral replication could occur with corticosteroid therapy.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors survey 155 executives from the People's Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong, and Canada to investigate whether norms for organizational design and management are subject to a process of globalization.
TL;DR: Betaine monohydrate, (CH 3 ) 3 NCH 2 COO·H 2 O, crystallizes in the space group Pbca with a = 9.475(1), b = 11.512(2), c = 13.095A and Z = 8.059 for 1056 observed MO-K α data as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Cytotoxicity profiles of trichosanthin and alpha-momorcharin differed from those of anti-cancer drugs which interfere with DNA metabolism such as cisplatin, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil.
TL;DR: An analysis of pretreatment characteristics and details of chemotherapy by multivariate logistic regression identified two independent variables that predicted prognosis, namely clinical stage at the time of diagnosis, and age.
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that the goal of space valorization cannot be considered without relational investment between the partners and their accumulated background, and that the capacity of the territory to solve these problems will depend closely on the richness of the network and co-operations which it shelters or it will suggest.
TL;DR: It is concluded that in studies of serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as risk factors for cerebral infarction, comparing values obtained less than or equal to 48 hours after admission with control values may incorrectly identify certain lipid fractions as risk factor.
Abstract: We studied serum lipid profiles in 171 patients less than or equal to 48 hours after the onset of acute stroke and 3 months later. The 83 patients suffering cerebral infarction had significantly higher serum concentrations of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and significantly lower serum concentrations of triglycerides and lipoprotein (a) less than or equal to 48 hours after ictus than 3 months later. The lipid profiles of the 53 patients suffering lacunar infarction were similar on both occasions, the only significant differences being higher total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations less than or equal to 48 hours after ictus. No significant changes were observed among the 35 patients suffering cerebral hemorrhage apart from a significantly higher concentration of high density lipoprotein3-cholesterol less than or equal to 48 hours after ictus. Our study, with many patients classified according to stroke subtype, gives results different from those of previous studies with much fewer patients. We conclude that in studies of serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as risk factors for cerebral infarction, comparing values obtained less than or equal to 48 hours after admission with control values may incorrectly identify certain lipid fractions as risk factors.
TL;DR: Coal fly ash was applied at rates of 0, 3, 6 and 12% to a sandy soil and a sandy loam to evaluate its effect on yields of two vegetable crops, Brassica parachinensis and B. chinensis.
TL;DR: I thank the Committee on Safety of Medicines for permission to report these cases and the doctors who originally submitted the reports for providing further clinical details.
Abstract: I thank the Committee on Safety of Medicines for permission to report these cases and the doctors who originally submitted the reports for providing further clinical details. I O'Brien WM, Bagbv GF. Rare adverse reactions to non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. J Rheumatol 1985;12:13-20. 2 Flint KC, Johnson NM. Pulmonary eosinophilia associated with naproxen therapy. 7 R Soc Med 1987;80:120-1. 3 Stromberg C, Palva E, Alhasa E, Aranko K, Idanpaan-Haikkila J. Pulmonary infiltrations induced by tolfenamic acid. Lancet 1987;ii:685. 4 Ghevsens B, Van Miegham W. Pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia due to glafenine. Eurj Respir Dis 1984;65:456-9. 5 Chuck AJ, Wilcox M, Bossingham DH. Fenbufen-associated pneumonitis. Brj Rheumatol 1987;26:475-6.
TL;DR: The impact of cultural femininity on preference for methods of conflict processing was examined by studying college students from Canada and The Netherlands as mentioned in this paper, finding that Dutch subjects preferred harmony-enhancing procedures more, and confrontational procedures less, than did Canadian subjects.