Tohoku University

About: Tohoku University is a education organization based out in Sendai, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Magnetization & Alloy. The organization has 72116 authors who have published 170791 publications receiving 3941714 citations. The organization is also known as: Tōhoku daigaku.

JCS 2017/JHFS 2017 Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure ― Digest Version ―

Abstract: J-STAGE Advance Publication released online September 10, 2019 Mailing address: Scientific Committee of the Japanese Circulation Society, 18F Imperial Hotel Tower, 1-1-1 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan. E-mail: meeting@j-circ.or.jp This English language document is a revised digest version of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure (JCS 2017/JHFS 2017) reported at the Japanese Circulation Society Joint Working Groups performed in 2017 (Website: http://www.j-circ.or.jp/guideline/pdf/JCS2017_tsutsui_d.pdf). Joint Working Groups: The Japanese Circulation Society; the Japanese Heart Failure Society; the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery; the Japanese Society of Hypertension; the Japanese Society of Echocardiography; the Japanese Society for Cardiovascular Surgery; the Japanese College of Cardiology; the Japanese Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation; the Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine; the Japan Diabetes Society; the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society; “the Study Group on Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy” supported by the Health and Labor Sciences Research Grant on Intractable Diseases; and “the Study Group on the Multi-center Observational Study of Dilatedphase Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy”, supported by the “Practical Research Project for Rare/ intractable Diseases by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development”. ISSN-1346-9843 All rights are reserved to the Japanese Circulation Society. For permissions, please e-mail: cj@j-circ.or.jp JCS 2017/JHFS 2017 Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure ― Digest Version ―

Selective expression of a novel surface molecule by human Th2 cells in vivo.

Abstract: The search for reliable marker molecules discriminating between human Th1 and Th2 cells identified a gene encoding a novel member of the G protein-coupled leukocyte chemoattractant receptor family, which is selectively expressed in Th2 but not Th1 lineage cells, thereby named CRTH2 (chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells). Studies with anti-CRTH2 mAbs demonstrated that CRTH2 was expressed in a small population (0.4–6.5%) of CD4+ T cells in fresh PBMCs of healthy adults, but no remarkable expression was seen in B cells and NK cells. In some cases, CD8+ T cells (∼3.5%) expressed CRTH2. Phenotypes of CD4+ T cells expressing CRTH2 were CD45RA−, CD45RO+, and CD25+, similar to those of Ag-activated effector/memory T cells. Freshly isolated CRTH2+ CD4+ T cells produced Th2- but little or no Th1-type cytokines upon stimulation with PMA and ionomycin. In addition, an allergen-induced proliferative response in fresh PBMCs was significantly and selectively reduced by subtracting CRTH2+ cells. Together, these results indicate that CRTH2 is selectively expressed in vivo in an activated state of Th2 cells including allergen-responsive Th2 cells, suggesting its pivotal roles in ongoing Th2-type immune reactions.

CO2 surface fluxes at grid point scale estimated from a global 21 year reanalysis of atmospheric measurements

Abstract: This paper documents a global Bayesian variational inversion of CO2 surface fluxes during the period 1988-2008. Weekly fluxes are estimated on a 3.75 degrees x 2.5 degrees (longitude-latitude) grid throughout the 21 years. The assimilated observations include 128 station records from three large data sets of surface CO2 mixing ratio measurements. A Monte Carlo approach rigorously quantifies the theoretical uncertainty of the inverted fluxes at various space and time scales, which is particularly important for proper interpretation of the inverted fluxes. Fluxes are evaluated indirectly against two independent CO2 vertical profile data sets constructed from aircraft measurements in the boundary layer and in the free troposphere. The skill of the inversion is evaluated by the improvement brought over a simple benchmark flux estimation based on the observed atmospheric growth rate. Our error analysis indicates that the carbon budget from the inversion should be more accurate than the a priori carbon budget by 20% to 60% for terrestrial fluxes aggregated at the scale of subcontinental regions in the Northern Hemisphere and over a year, but the inversion cannot clearly distinguish between the regional carbon budgets within a continent. On the basis of the independent observations, the inversion is seen to improve the fluxes compared to the benchmark: the atmospheric simulation of CO2 with the Bayesian inversion method is better by about 1 ppm than the benchmark in the free troposphere, despite possible systematic transport errors. The inversion achieves this improvement by changing the regional fluxes over land at the seasonal and at the interannual time scales. (Less)