Tohoku University

About: Tohoku University is a education organization based out in Sendai, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Magnetization & Alloy. The organization has 72116 authors who have published 170791 publications receiving 3941714 citations. The organization is also known as: Tōhoku daigaku.

Photometric redshift and classification for the xmm-cosmos sources ∗

Abstract: We present photometric redshifts and spectral energy distribution (SED) classifications for a sample of 1542 optically identified sources detected with XMM in the COSMOS field. Our template fitting classifies 46 sources as stars and 464 as nonactive galaxies, while the remaining 1032 require templates with an active galactic nucleus (AGN) contribution. High accuracy in the derived photometric redshifts was accomplished as the result of (1) photometry in up to 30 bands with high-significance detections, (2) a new set of SED templates, including 18 hybrids covering the far-UV to mid-infrared, which have been constructed by the combination of AGNs and nonactive galaxies templates, and (3) multiepoch observations that have been used to correct for variability (most important for type 1 AGNs). The reliability of the photometric redshifts is evaluated using the subsample of 442 sources with measured spectroscopic redshifts. We achieved an accuracy of σΔz/(1+z_(spec)) = 0.014 for i∗_(AB) < 22.5 (σΔz/(1+z_(spec)) ~ 0.015 for i∗_(AB) < 24.5). The high accuracies were accomplished for both type 2 (where the SED is often dominated by the host galaxy) and type 1 AGNs and QSOs out to z = 4.5. The number of outliers is a large improvement over previous photometric redshift estimates for X-ray-selected sources (4.0% and 4.8% outliers for i∗_(AB) < 22.5 and i∗_(AB) < 24.5, respectively). We show that the intermediate band photometry is vital to achieving accurate photometric redshifts for AGNs, whereas the broad SED coverage provided by mid-infrared (Spitzer/IRAC) bands is important to reduce the number of outliers for normal galaxies.

Direct intestinal absorption of red fruit anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, into rats and humans.

Abstract: We determined red fruit anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy-g) and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside (Cy-dg), incorporated into plasma and liver of rats and human plasma by UV-HPLC. Fifteen minutes after an oral supplementation of a mixture of 320 mg of Cy-g and 40 mg of Cy-dg/kg of body weight, rats showed an increase to a maximum of 1563 μg (3490 nmol) of Cy-g/L and 195 μg (320 nmol) of Cy-dg/L in plasma and 0.067 μg (0.15 nmol) of Cy-g/g and a trace of Cy-dg together with methylated metabolites such as peonidin-3-glucoside in liver. In human plasma, 30 min after intake (2.7 mg of Cy-g and 0.25 mg of Cy-dg/kg of body weight), an average of 11 μg (24 nmol) of Cy-g/L and a trace of Cy-dg were found. Cyanidin as aglycone of Cy-g and Cy-dg was not found in such plasma samples, neither were conjugated and methylated anthocyanins. The results indicated that anthocyanins are incorporated keeping structurally intact glycoside forms, from the digestive tract into the blood circulation system in mammals. Keywords: Anth...

Autophagic control of listeria through intracellular innate immune recognition in drosophila.

Abstract: Autophagy, an evolutionally conserved homeostatic process for catabolizing cytoplasmic components, has been linked to the elimination of intracellular pathogens during mammalian innate immune responses. However, the mechanisms underlying cytoplasmic infection-induced autophagy and the function of autophagy in host survival after infection with intracellular pathogens remain unknown. Here we report that in drosophila, recognition of diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan by the pattern-recognition receptor PGRP-LE was crucial for the induction of autophagy and that autophagy prevented the intracellular growth of Listeria monocytogenes and promoted host survival after this infection. Autophagy induction occurred independently of the Toll and IMD innate signaling pathways. Our findings define a pathway leading from the intracellular pattern-recognition receptors to the induction of autophagy to host defense.

Broadband CDMA techniques

Abstract: A very high-speed wireless access of 100 Mb/s to 1 Gb/s is required for fourth-generation mobile communications systems. However, for such high-speed data transmissions, the channel is severely frequency-selective due to the presence of many interfering paths with different time delays. A promising wireless access technique that can overcome the channel frequency-selectivity and even take advantage of this selectivity to improve the transmission performance is CDMA. There may be two approaches in CDMA technique: direct sequence CDMA and multicarrier CDMA. A lot of attention is paid to MC-CDMA. However, recently it has been revealed that DS-CDMA can achieve good performance comparable to MC-CDMA if proper frequency domain equalization is adopted. This article discusses their similarities and performances. A major transmission mode in 4G systems is packet-based. Automatic repeat request combined with channel coding is a very important technique. Recent research activity on this technique is also introduced.