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Institution

Tohoku University

EducationSendai, Japan
About: Tohoku University is a education organization based out in Sendai, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Magnetization & Population. The organization has 72116 authors who have published 170791 publications receiving 3941714 citations. The organization is also known as: Tōhoku daigaku.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the enthalpies of formation for various Lewis acid complexes with representative unsaturated compounds (aldehydes, imines, alkynes, and alkenes) provide a means to evaluate the applicability of a particular catalyst in a catalytic reaction.
Abstract: Computed enthalpies of formation for various Lewis acid complexes with representative unsaturated compounds (aldehydes, imines, alkynes, and alkenes) provide a means to evaluate the applicability of a particular catalyst in a catalytic reaction. As expected, main group Lewis acids such as BX3 show much stronger complexes with heteroatoms than with carbon−carbon multiple bonds (σ-electrophilic Lewis acids). Gold(I) and copper(I) salts with non-nucleophilic anions increase the relative strength of coordination to the carbon−carbon multiple bonds (π-electrophilic Lewis acids). As representative examples for the use of σ-electrophilic Lewis acids in organic synthesis, the Lewis acid mediated allylation reactions of aldehydes and imines with allylic organometallic reagents which give the corresponding homoallyl alcohols and amines, respectively, are mentioned. The allylation method is applied for the synthesis of polycyclic ether marine natural products, such as hemibrevetoxin B, gambierol, and brevetoxin B. A...

341 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results provide a molecular basis for a unique combination of skeletal and psychotic characteristics of Nasu-Hakola disease as well as for schizophrenia and presenile dementia.
Abstract: Deletions in the DAP12 gene in humans result in Nasu-Hakola disease, characterized by a combination of bone fractures and psychotic symptoms similar to schizophrenia, rapidly progressing to presenile dementia. However, it is not known why these disorders develop upon deficiency in DAP12, an immunoreceptor signal activator protein initially identified in the immune system. Here we show that DAP12-deficient (DAP12–/–) mice develop an increased bone mass (osteopetrosis) and a reduction of myelin (hypomyelinosis) accentuated in the thalamus. In vitro osteoclast induction from DAP12–/– bone marrow cells yielded immature cells with attenuated bone resorption activity. Moreover, immature oligodendrocytes were arrested in the vicinity of the thalamus, suggesting that the primary defects in DAP12–/– mice are the developmental arrest of osteoclasts and oligodendrocytes. In addition, the mutant mice also showed synaptic degeneration, impaired prepulse inhibition, which is commonly observed in several neuropsychiatric diseases in humans including schizophrenia, and aberrant electrophysiological profiles in the thalami. These results provide a molecular basis for a unique combination of skeletal and psychotic characteristics of Nasu-Hakola disease as well as for schizophrenia and presenile dementia.

341 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The causes and consequences of mitochondrial disturbances in Alzheimer's disease as well as how this information might impact on therapeutic approaches to this disease are reviewed.
Abstract: Abnormalities in mitochondrial function relate to the spectrum of pathological changes seen in Alzheimer's disease Here we review the causes and consequences of mitochondrial disturbances in Alzheimer's disease as well as how this information might impact on therapeutic approaches to this disease © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc

340 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The value of high-coverage sequencing for constructing population-specific variant panels, which covers 99.0% SNVs of minor allele frequency ≥0.1%, is demonstrated, and its value for identifying causal rare variants of complex human disease phenotypes in genetic association studies is demonstrated.
Abstract: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization reports the whole-genome sequences of 1,070 healthy Japanese individuals and construction of a Japanese population reference panel (1KJPN). Here we identify through this high-coverage sequencing (32.4 × on average), 21.2 million, including 12 million novel, single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) at an estimated false discovery rate of <1.0%. This detailed analysis detected signatures for purifying selection on regulatory elements as well as coding regions. We also catalogue structural variants, including 3.4 million insertions and deletions, and 25,923 genic copy-number variants. The 1KJPN was effective for imputing genotypes of the Japanese population genome wide. These data demonstrate the value of high-coverage sequencing for constructing population-specific variant panels, which covers 99.0% SNVs of minor allele frequency ≥0.1%, and its value for identifying causal rare variants of complex human disease phenotypes in genetic association studies.

340 citations


Authors

Showing all 72477 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
John Q. Trojanowski2261467213948
Aaron R. Folsom1811118134044
Marc G. Caron17367499802
Masayuki Yamamoto1711576123028
Kenji Watanabe1672359129337
Rodney S. Ruoff164666194902
Frederik Barkhof1541449104982
Takashi Taniguchi1522141110658
Yoshio Bando147123480883
Thomas P. Russell141101280055
Ali Khademhosseini14088776430
Marco Colonna13951271166
David H. Barlow13378672730
Lin Gu13086856157
Yoichiro Iwakura12970564041
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023162
2022754
20216,412
20206,426
20196,076
20185,898