Institution
Tohoku University
Education•Sendai, Japan•
About: Tohoku University is a education organization based out in Sendai, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Magnetization & Population. The organization has 72116 authors who have published 170791 publications receiving 3941714 citations. The organization is also known as: Tōhoku daigaku.
Topics: Magnetization, Population, Alloy, Amorphous solid, Amorphous metal
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, an electric double layer transistor (EDLT) was found to exhibit very high transconductance and an ultrahigh carrier density in a fast, reversible, and reproducible manner.
Abstract: Very recently, electric-field-induced superconductivity in an insulator was realized by tuning charge carrier to a high density level (1 × 1014 cm−2). To increase the maximum attainable carrier density for electrostatic tuning of electronic states in semiconductor field-effect transistors is a hot issue but a big challenge. Here, ultrahigh density carrier accumulation is reported, in particular at low temperature, in a ZnO field-effect transistor gated by electric double layers of ionic liquid (IL). This transistor, called an electric double layer transistor (EDLT), is found to exhibit very high transconductance and an ultrahigh carrier density in a fast, reversible, and reproducible manner. The room temperature capacitance of EDLTs is found to be as large as 34 µF cm−2, deduced from Hall-effect measurements, and is mainly responsible for the carrier density modulation in a very wide range. Importantly, the IL dielectric, with a supercooling property, is found to have charge-accumulation capability even at low temperatures, reaching an ultrahigh carrier density of 8×1014 cm−2 at 220 K and maintaining a density of 5.5×1014 cm−2 at 1.8 K. This high carrier density of EDLTs is of great importance not only in practical device applications but also in fundamental research; for example, in the search for novel electronic phenomena, such as superconductivity, in oxide systems.
543 citations
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TL;DR: A new focal ischemia model consisting of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion with a silicone rubber cylinder attached to a nylon surgical thread inserted through the internal carotid artery in rats that should be useful in various investigations of the influence of reperfusion on focal ischemic brain injury.
Abstract: We describe a new focal ischemia model consisting of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion with a silicone rubber cylinder attached to a nylon surgical thread inserted through the internal carotid artery in rats. Recirculation was accomplished by pulling the thread out of the artery. We evaluated the reliability of this model and studied the influence of reperfusion of the brain by measuring regional cerebral blood flow in 30 rats and by using conventional neuropathologic methods after different periods of occlusion in 48 rats. The anterior neocortex and the lateral part of the caudate putamen, which were supplied by the occluded middle cerebral artery, were the regions most frequently damaged. After 1 hour of occlusion in five rats, in the cortex supplied by the occluded artery mean +/- SD blood flow was 0.19 +/- 0.08 ml/g/min (approximately 15% of that in the corresponding region of five sham-operated control rats), and mild scattered ischemic cell change was observed. Three (n = 5) or six (n = 5) hours of occlusion reduced blood flow more severely and caused severe ischemic cell changes in the cortex supplied by the occluded artery in proportion to the duration of ischemia. Characteristically, in five rats subjected to 3 hours of occlusion followed by 3 hours of recirculation, blood flow was restored and spongy edematous change was observed in the cortex supplied by the recirculated artery. This change resulted in hypoperfusion of the neighboring cortical region surrounding the recirculated area. Our model should be useful in various investigations of the influence of reperfusion on focal ischemic brain injury.
542 citations
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TL;DR: This is the first report of the human molecule that transports thyroid hormones, and probably the most important transporter in human liver for clearance of bile acids and organic anions because hepatic levels of another organic anion transporter, OATP, is very low.
542 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the scale invariance of the Witten-Sander diffusion-limited-aggregation model was tested by computing the density-density correlation function for the digitized patterns of the photographs.
Abstract: Zinc metal leaves are grown two-dimensionally by electrodeposition. The structures clearly remind us of the random patterns simulated by computer according to the Witten-Sander diffusion-limited-aggregation model. The scale invariance is tested by computing the density-density correlation function for the digitized patterns of the photographs. The Hausdorff dimension averaged over many examples is $D=1.66\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$, which is in excellent agreement with that of the two-dimensional diffusion-limited-aggregation model ($D\ensuremath{\cong}\frac{5}{3}$).
540 citations
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TL;DR: The present result reveals that the EDLT is an extremely versatile tool to induce electronic phase transitions by electrostatic charge accumulation and provides new routes in the search for superconductors beyond those synthesized by traditional chemical methods.
Abstract: Using a liquid gate has allowed electrically induced superconductivity in a solid specimen by means of carrier accumulation on the surface. But this phenomenon was limited to materials that became superconductors at low carrier density. It is now shown that superconductivity can be induced in a much wider range of materials by using an ionic liquid.
540 citations
Authors
Showing all 72477 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Marc G. Caron | 173 | 674 | 99802 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Kenji Watanabe | 167 | 2359 | 129337 |
Rodney S. Ruoff | 164 | 666 | 194902 |
Frederik Barkhof | 154 | 1449 | 104982 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Yoshio Bando | 147 | 1234 | 80883 |
Thomas P. Russell | 141 | 1012 | 80055 |
Ali Khademhosseini | 140 | 887 | 76430 |
Marco Colonna | 139 | 512 | 71166 |
David H. Barlow | 133 | 786 | 72730 |
Lin Gu | 130 | 868 | 56157 |
Yoichiro Iwakura | 129 | 705 | 64041 |