Institution
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Education•Tokyo, Tôkyô, Japan•
About: Tokyo Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Tôkyô, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 46775 authors who have published 101656 publications receiving 2357893 citations. The organization is also known as: Tokyo Tech & Tokodai.
Topics: Catalysis, Thin film, Laser, Phase (matter), Polymerization
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This work evaluates the dependence of the magnetoresistance of graphene on relaxation rates associated with various possible ways of breaking a "hidden" valley symmetry of the system by evaluating the dependent rates of trigonal warping and intervalley scattering.
Abstract: Because of the chiral nature of electrons in a monolayer of graphite (graphene) one can expect weak antilocalization and a positive weak-field magnetoresistance in it. However, trigonal warping (which breaks $\mathbf{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{-}\mathbf{p}$ symmetry of the Fermi line in each valley) suppresses antilocalization, while intervalley scattering due to atomically sharp scatterers in a realistic graphene sheet or by edges in a narrow wire tends to restore conventional negative magnetoresistance. We show this by evaluating the dependence of the magnetoresistance of graphene on relaxation rates associated with various possible ways of breaking a ``hidden'' valley symmetry of the system.
761 citations
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United States Department of Energy1, University of California, Berkeley2, Nagoya University3, University of Texas at Austin4, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology5, National Institute of Genetics6, Hiroshima University7, Hokkaido University8, University of Tokyo9, Radboud University Nijmegen10, Salk Institute for Biological Studies11, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology12, Yamagata University13, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology14, Tokyo Institute of Technology15, University of Tokushima16, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research17, Rikkyo University18, University of Maryland, Baltimore19, Kitasato University20, University of Chicago21, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology22, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Japan23, Illumina24, University of Washington25, University of Virginia26, Niigata University27, University of Rochester28, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center29, University of Calgary30, University of Iowa31, University of Basel32, Graduate University for Advanced Studies33, National Institute of Informatics34
TL;DR: The Xenopus laevis genome is sequenced and it is estimated that the two diploid progenitor species diverged around 34 million years ago and combined to form an allotetraploid around 17–18 Ma, where more than 56% of all genes were retained in two homoeologous copies.
Abstract: To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy in the African clawed frog, we sequenced the Xenopus laevis genome and compared it to the related diploid X. tropicalis genome. We characterize the allotetraploid origin of X. laevis by partitioning its genome into two homoeologous subgenomes, marked by distinct families of 'fossil' transposable elements. On the basis of the activity of these elements and the age of hundreds of unitary pseudogenes, we estimate that the two diploid progenitor species diverged around 34 million years ago (Ma) and combined to form an allotetraploid around 17-18 Ma. More than 56% of all genes were retained in two homoeologous copies. Protein function, gene expression, and the amount of conserved flanking sequence all correlate with retention rates. The subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with one chromosome set more often preserving the ancestral state and the other experiencing more gene loss, deletion, rearrangement, and reduced gene expression.
761 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the recent advances in fundamental science of transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors and their application in thin-film transistors (TFTs) and placed emphasis on the view that high ionicity in chemical bonding and large spherical spread of unoccupied metal s orbitals in pblock metal oxides lead to the realization of electronic structures that are advantageous for n-channel TFT applications.
Abstract: Transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors have unique electron transport properties, such as large electron mobility (10–50 cm2/Vs) and the absence of a Hall voltage sign anomaly, that are not seen in conventional amorphous semiconductors. This class of materials has been attracting much attention as a channel layer in thin-film transistors (TFTs) utilizing the above features along with the processing advantage that thin films can be deposited at low temperatures by conventional sputtering methods. The primary driving force for this trend is a rapidly emerging demand for backplane TFTs that can drive the next generation of flat-panel displays. This article reviews the recent advances in fundamental science of these materials and their TFT applications. Emphasis is placed on the view that high ionicity in chemical bonding and large spherical spread of unoccupied metal s orbitals in p-block metal oxides lead to the realization of electronic structures that are advantageous for n-channel TFT applications. Amorphous oxide semiconductors are compared with conventional hydrogenated amorphous silicon, which is used widely as the channel material for backplane TFTs in current liquid-crystal displays.
759 citations
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TL;DR: A single molecule of F1-ATPase, a portion of ATP synthase, is by itself a rotary motor in which a central gamma subunit rotates against a surrounding cylinder made of alpha3beta3 subunits.
756 citations
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TL;DR: An upgraded version of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code system (PHITS2.52) was developed and released to the public in this article, which is a more powerful tool for particle transport simulation applicable to various research and development fields.
Abstract: An upgraded version of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System, PHITS2.52, was developed and released to the public. The new version has been greatly improved from the previously released version, PHITS2.24, in terms of not only the code itself but also the contents of its package, such as the attached data libraries. In the new version, a higher accuracy of simulation was achieved by implementing several latest nuclear reaction models. The reliability of the simulation was improved by modifying both the algorithms for the electron-, positron-, and photon-transport simulations and the procedure for calculating the statistical uncertainties of the tally results. Estimation of the time evolution of radioactivity became feasible by incorporating the activation calculation program DCHAIN-SP into the new package. The efficiency of the simulation was also improved as a result of the implementation of shared-memory parallelization and the optimization of several time-consuming algorithms. Furthermore, a number of new user-support tools and functions that help users to intuitively and effectively perform PHITS simulations were developed and incorporated. Due to these improvements, PHITS is now a more powerful tool for particle transport simulation applicable to various research and development fields, such as nuclear technology, accelerator design, medical physics, and cosmic-ray research.
742 citations
Authors
Showing all 46967 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Matthew Meyerson | 194 | 553 | 243726 |
Yury Gogotsi | 171 | 956 | 144520 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
H. Eugene Stanley | 154 | 1190 | 122321 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Shu-Hong Yu | 144 | 799 | 70853 |
Kazunori Kataoka | 138 | 908 | 70412 |
Osamu Jinnouchi | 135 | 885 | 86104 |
Hector F. DeLuca | 133 | 1303 | 69395 |
Shlomo Havlin | 131 | 1013 | 83347 |
Hiroyuki Iwasaki | 131 | 1009 | 82739 |
Kazunari Domen | 130 | 908 | 77964 |
Hideo Hosono | 128 | 1549 | 100279 |
Hideyuki Okano | 128 | 1169 | 67148 |
Andreas Strasser | 128 | 509 | 66903 |