Tokyo University of Science

About: Tokyo University of Science is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 15800 authors who have published 24147 publications receiving 438081 citations. The organization is also known as: Tōkyō Rika Daigaku & Science University of Tokyo.

Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Activities of IL-27

Abstract: IL-27 is a novel IL-6/IL-12 family cytokine playing an important role in the early regulation of Th1 responses. We have recently demonstrated that IL-27 has potent antitumor activity, which is mainly mediated through CD8 + T cells, against highly immunogenic murine colon carcinoma. In this study, we further evaluated the antitumor and antiangiogenic activities of IL-27, using poorly immunogenic murine melanoma B16F10 tumors, which were engineered to overexpress single-chain IL-27 (B16F10 + IL-27). B16F10 + IL-27 cells exerted antitumor activity against not only s.c. tumor but also experimental pulmonary metastasis. Similar antitumor and antimetastatic activities of IL-27 were also observed in IFN-γ knockout mice. In NOD-SCID mice, these activities were decreased, but were still fairly well-retained, suggesting that different mechanisms other than the immune response are also involved in the exertion of these activities. Immunohistochemical analyses with Abs against vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 revealed that B16F10 + IL-27 cells markedly suppressed tumor-induced neovascularization in lung metastases. Moreover, B16F10 + IL-27 cells clearly inhibited angiogenesis by dorsal air sac method, and IL-27 exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of angiogenesis on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. IL-27 was revealed to directly act on HUVECs and induce production of the antiangiogenic chemokines, IFN-γ-inducible protein (IP-10) and monokine induced by IFN-γ. Finally, augmented mRNA expression of IP-10 and monokine induced by IFN-γ was detected at the s.c. B16F10 + IL-27 tumor site, and antitumor activity of IL-27 was partially inhibited by the administration of anti-IP-10. These results suggest that IL-27 possesses potent antiangiogenic activity, which plays an important role in its antitumor and antimetastatic activities.

Functionality of oxide coating for Li [Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 as positive electrode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries

Abstract: Surface-modified Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 oxides were studied. The oxide particles were coated by heteroelements such as Al2O3, Nb2O5, Ta2O5, ZrO2 and ZnO. Metal oxide-coated Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 did not show significant difference in X-ray diffraction patterns. Thickness of the formed coating layer was around 10 nm, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical properties of heteroelement-coated Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 were investigated using coin type Li-ion cells employing graphite as an anode at 60 °C. Metal oxide-coated Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 obviously showed higher capacity with good cyclability. Also, area-specific impedance was significantly lower for the metal oxide-coated Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 during cycling, compared with that for bare Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2. Among them, Al2O3-coated Li[Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.15Mn0.4]O2 had the best electrochemical performances. The metal oxide coating layer transformed to metal fluoride layer during cycling, as pr...

Observational constraints on Galileon cosmology

Abstract: We study the cosmology of a covariant Galileon field $\ensuremath{\phi}$ with five covariant Lagrangians and confront this theory with the most recent cosmological probes: the type Ia supernovae data (Constitution and Union2 sets), cosmic microwave background (WMAP7), and the baryon acoustic oscillations (SDSS7). In the Galileon cosmology with a late-time de Sitter attractor, there is a tracker that attracts solutions with different initial conditions to a common trajectory. Including the cosmic curvature $K$, we place observational constraints on two distinct cases: (i) the tracker, and (ii) the generic solutions to the equations of motion. We find that the tracker solution can be consistent with the individual observational data, but it is disfavored by the combined data analysis. The generic solutions fare quite well when a nonzero curvature parameter ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{K}^{(0)}$ is taken into account, but the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria show that they are not particularly favored over the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\mathrm{CDM}$ model.