Showing papers by "Tongji University published in 2015"
National Taiwan University1, Guangdong General Hospital2, University of Duisburg-Essen3, University of Mainz4, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust5, Wakayama Medical University6, Tongji University7, Central South University8, Queensland University of Technology9, Shanghai Jiao Tong University10, Kunming Medical University11, Prince of Songkla University12, Konkuk University13, Taipei Veterans General Hospital14, Russian Academy15, McGill University16, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Peterburg17, The Chinese University of Hong Kong18, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital19, National Cheng Kung University20, Chungbuk National University21, Boehringer Ingelheim22, Harvard University23
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Afatinib on overall survival of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma through an analysis of data from two open-label, randomised, phase 3 trials was evaluated.
Abstract: Summary Background We aimed to assess the effect of afatinib on overall survival of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma through an analysis of data from two open-label, randomised, phase 3 trials. Methods Previously untreated patients with EGFR mutation-positive stage IIIB or IV lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled in LUX-Lung 3 (n=345) and LUX-Lung 6 (n=364). These patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive afatinib or chemotherapy (pemetrexed-cisplatin [LUX-Lung 3] or gemcitabine-cisplatin [LUX-Lung 6]), stratified by EGFR mutation (exon 19 deletion [del19], Leu858Arg, or other) and ethnic origin (LUX-Lung 3 only). We planned analyses of mature overall survival data in the intention-to-treat population after 209 (LUX-Lung 3) and 237 (LUX-Lung 6) deaths. These ongoing studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, numbers NCT00949650 and NCT01121393. Findings Median follow-up in LUX-Lung 3 was 41 months (IQR 35–44); 213 (62%) of 345 patients had died. Median follow-up in LUX-Lung 6 was 33 months (IQR 31–37); 246 (68%) of 364 patients had died. In LUX-Lung 3, median overall survival was 28·2 months (95% CI 24·6–33·6) in the afatinib group and 28·2 months (20·7–33·2) in the pemetrexed-cisplatin group (HR 0·88, 95% CI 0·66–1·17, p=0·39). In LUX-Lung 6, median overall survival was 23·1 months (95% CI 20·4–27·3) in the afatinib group and 23·5 months (18·0–25·6) in the gemcitabine-cisplatin group (HR 0·93, 95% CI 0·72–1·22, p=0·61). However, in preplanned analyses, overall survival was significantly longer for patients with del19-positive tumours in the afatinib group than in the chemotherapy group in both trials: in LUX-Lung 3, median overall survival was 33·3 months (95% CI 26·8–41·5) in the afatinib group versus 21·1 months (16·3–30·7) in the chemotherapy group (HR 0·54, 95% CI 0·36–0·79, p=0·0015); in LUX-Lung 6, it was 31·4 months (95% CI 24·2–35·3) versus 18·4 months (14·6–25·6), respectively (HR 0·64, 95% CI 0·44–0·94, p=0·023). By contrast, there were no significant differences by treatment group for patients with EGFR Leu858Arg-positive tumours in either trial: in LUX-Lung 3, median overall survival was 27·6 months (19·8–41·7) in the afatinib group versus 40·3 months (24·3–not estimable) in the chemotherapy group (HR 1·30, 95% CI 0·80–2·11, p=0·29); in LUX-Lung 6, it was 19·6 months (95% CI 17·0–22·1) versus 24·3 months (19·0–27·0), respectively (HR 1·22, 95% CI 0·81–1·83, p=0·34). In both trials, the most common afatinib-related grade 3–4 adverse events were rash or acne (37 [16%] of 229 patients in LUX-Lung 3 and 35 [15%] of 239 patients in LUX-Lung 6), diarrhoea (33 [14%] and 13 [5%]), paronychia (26 [11%] in LUX-Lung 3 only), and stomatitis or mucositis (13 [5%] in LUX-Lung 6 only). In LUX-Lung 3, neutropenia (20 [18%] of 111 patients), fatigue (14 [13%]) and leucopenia (nine [8%]) were the most common chemotherapy-related grade 3–4 adverse events, while in LUX-Lung 6, the most common chemotherapy-related grade 3–4 adverse events were neutropenia (30 [27%] of 113 patients), vomiting (22 [19%]), and leucopenia (17 [15%]). Interpretation Although afatinib did not improve overall survival in the whole population of either trial, overall survival was improved with the drug for patients with del19 EGFR mutations. The absence of an effect in patients with Leu858Arg EGFR mutations suggests that EGFR del19-positive disease might be distinct from Leu858Arg-positive disease and that these subgroups should be analysed separately in future trials. Funding Boehringer Ingelheim.
1,285 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an approach based on the integration of pixel-and object-based methods with knowledge (POK-based) has been developed to handle the classification process of 10 land cover types, i.e., firstly each class identified in a prioritized sequence and then results are merged together.
Abstract: Global Land Cover (GLC) information is fundamental for environmental change studies, land resource management, sustainable development, and many other societal benefits. Although GLC data exists at spatial resolutions of 300 m and 1000 m, a 30 m resolution mapping approach is now a feasible option for the next generation of GLC products. Since most significant human impacts on the land system can be captured at this scale, a number of researchers are focusing on such products. This paper reports the operational approach used in such a project, which aims to deliver reliable data products. Over 10,000 Landsat-like satellite images are required to cover the entire Earth at 30 m resolution. To derive a GLC map from such a large volume of data necessitates the development of effective, efficient, economic and operational approaches. Automated approaches usually provide higher efficiency and thus more economic solutions, yet existing automated classification has been deemed ineffective because of the low classification accuracy achievable (typically below 65%) at global scale at 30 m resolution. As a result, an approach based on the integration of pixel- and object-based methods with knowledge (POK-based) has been developed. To handle the classification process of 10 land cover types, a split-and-merge strategy was employed, i.e. firstly each class identified in a prioritized sequence and then results are merged together. For the identification of each class, a robust integration of pixel-and object-based classification was developed. To improve the quality of the classification results, a knowledge-based interactive verification procedure was developed with the support of web service technology. The performance of the POK-based approach was tested using eight selected areas with differing landscapes from five different continents. An overall classification accuracy of over 80% was achieved. This indicates that the developed POK-based approach is effective and feasible for operational GLC mapping at 30 m resolution.
1,260 citations
TL;DR: The nonlinear K-profiles clustering method is designed, which can be seen as the nonlinear counterpart of the K-means clustering algorithm, and has a built-in statistical testing procedure that ensures genes not belonging to any cluster do not impact the estimation of cluster profiles.
Abstract: With modern technologies such as microarray, deep sequencing, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), it is possible to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes/proteins simultaneously to unravel important biological processes. A very first step towards elucidating hidden patterns and understanding the massive data is the application of clustering techniques. Nonlinear relations, which were mostly unutilized in contrast to linear correlations, are prevalent in high-throughput data. In many cases, nonlinear relations can model the biological relationship more precisely and reflect critical patterns in the biological systems. Using the general dependency measure, Distance Based on Conditional Ordered List (DCOL) that we introduced before, we designed the nonlinear K-profiles clustering method, which can be seen as the nonlinear counterpart of the K-means clustering algorithm. The method has a built-in statistical testing procedure that ensures genes not belonging to any cluster do not impact the estimation of cluster profiles. Results from extensive simulation studies showed that K-profiles clustering not only outperformed traditional linear K-means algorithm, but also presented significantly better performance over our previous General Dependency Hierarchical Clustering (GDHC) algorithm. We further analyzed a gene expression dataset, on which K-profile clustering generated biologically meaningful results.
1,005 citations
TL;DR: The mechanisms and molecular bases of ceRNA networks are introduced, their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer as well as methods of predicting and validating ceRNA interplay are discussed and the possibilities of ceRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets are envisioned.
Abstract: Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are transcripts that can regulate each other at post-transcription level by competing for shared miRNAs. CeRNA networks link the function of protein-coding mRNAs with that of non-coding RNAs such as microRNA, long non-coding RNA, pseudogenic RNA and circular RNA. Given that any transcripts harbouring miRNA response element can theoretically function as ceRNAs, they may represent a widespread form of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in both physiology and pathology. CeRNA activity is influenced by multiple factors such as the abundance and subcellular localisation of ceRNA components, binding affinity of miRNAs to their sponges, RNA editing, RNA secondary structures and RNA-binding proteins. Aberrations in these factors may deregulate ceRNA networks and thus lead to human diseases including cancer. In this review, we introduce the mechanisms and molecular bases of ceRNA networks, discuss their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer as well as methods of predicting and validating ceRNA interplay. At last, we discuss the limitations of current ceRNA theory, propose possible directions and envision the possibilities of ceRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
895 citations
TL;DR: The proposed opinion-unaware BIQA method does not need any distorted sample images nor subjective quality scores for training, yet extensive experiments demonstrate its superior quality-prediction performance to the state-of-the-art opinion-aware BIZA methods.
Abstract: Existing blind image quality assessment (BIQA) methods are mostly opinion-aware. They learn regression models from training images with associated human subjective scores to predict the perceptual quality of test images. Such opinion-aware methods, however, require a large amount of training samples with associated human subjective scores and of a variety of distortion types. The BIQA models learned by opinion-aware methods often have weak generalization capability, hereby limiting their usability in practice. By comparison, opinion-unaware methods do not need human subjective scores for training, and thus have greater potential for good generalization capability. Unfortunately, thus far no opinion-unaware BIQA method has shown consistently better quality prediction accuracy than the opinion-aware methods. Here, we aim to develop an opinion-unaware BIQA method that can compete with, and perhaps outperform, the existing opinion-aware methods. By integrating the features of natural image statistics derived from multiple cues, we learn a multivariate Gaussian model of image patches from a collection of pristine natural images. Using the learned multivariate Gaussian model, a Bhattacharyya-like distance is used to measure the quality of each image patch, and then an overall quality score is obtained by average pooling. The proposed BIQA method does not need any distorted sample images nor subjective quality scores for training, yet extensive experiments demonstrate its superior quality-prediction performance to the state-of-the-art opinion-aware BIQA methods. The MATLAB source code of our algorithm is publicly available at www.comp.polyu.edu.hk / $\sim $ cslzhang/IQA/ILNIQE/ILNIQE.htm.
783 citations
University of Oxford1, Virginia Commonwealth University2, Capital Medical University3, Nanjing Medical University4, Hebei Medical University5, Harbin Medical University6, Shantou University7, Sichuan University8, Sun Yat-sen University9, Chongqing University10, Jinan University11, Xi'an Jiaotong University12, Shanxi Medical University13, Zhengzhou University14, Lanzhou University15, Central South University16, Jiangsu University17, Wuhan University18, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University19, China Medical University (PRC)20, Kanazawa Medical University21, Tianjin First Center Hospital22, Tongji University23, Fourth Military Medical University24, Max Planck Society25, Shanghai Jiao Tong University26, Fudan University27, Peking Union Medical College28, University of Copenhagen29, King Abdulaziz University30, Macau University of Science and Technology31, East China Normal University32
TL;DR: Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 5,303 Chinese women with recurrent MDD selected to reduce phenotypic heterogeneity, and 5,337 controls screened to exclude MDD, two loci contributing to risk of MDD on chromosome 10 are identified: one near the SIRT1 gene and the other in an intron of the LHPP gene.
Abstract: Genomic analysis of 5,303 Chinese women with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) enables the identification and replication of two genome-wide significant loci contributing to risk of MDD on chromosome 10: one near the SIRT1 gene; the other in an intron of the LHPP gene.
745 citations
TL;DR: The key to improving the rate of contaminants removal by ZVI and broadening the applicable pH range is to enhance ZVI corrosion and to enhance the mass transfer of the reactants including oxygen and H(+) to the ZVI surface.
716 citations
TL;DR: A new class of Co9 S8 @MoS2 core-shell structures formed on carbon nanofibers composed of cubic Co 9 S8 as cores and layered MoS2 as shells is described, serving as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for H2 and O2 evolution.
Abstract: A new class of Co9 S8 @MoS2 core-shell structures formed on carbon nanofibers composed of cubic Co9 S8 as cores and layered MoS2 as shells is described. The core-shell design of these nanostructures allows the advantages of MoS2 and Co9 S8 to be combined, serving as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for H2 and O2 evolution.
665 citations
Guangdong General Hospital1, Tongji University2, University of Malaya3, Tongji Medical College4, Academy of Military Medical Sciences5, Third Military Medical University6, Shanghai Chest Hospital7, Shantou University8, Zhejiang University9, Xi'an Jiaotong University10, Fudan University11, International Islamic University Malaysia12, Hoffmann-La Roche13
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that first-line erlotinib provides a statistically significant improvement in PFS versus GP in Asian patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC (NCT01342965).
611 citations
TL;DR: This work derived a new sequence model for predicting sgRNA efficiency in CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments and suggested new features including a preference for cytosine at the cleavage site that facilitate the genome-wide design of improved sg RNA for both knockout and CRISpri/a studies.
Abstract: The CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized mammalian somatic cell genetics. Genome-wide functional screens using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout or dCas9 fusion-mediated inhibition/activation (CRISPRi/a) are powerful techniques for discovering phenotype-associated gene function. We systematically assessed the DNA sequence features that contribute to single guide RNA (sgRNA) efficiency in CRISPR-based screens. Leveraging the information from multiple designs, we derived a new sequence model for predicting sgRNA efficiency in CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments. Our model confirmed known features and suggested new features including a preference for cytosine at the cleavage site. The model was experimentally validated for sgRNA-mediated mutation rate and protein knockout efficiency. Tested on independent data sets, the model achieved significant results in both positive and negative selection conditions and outperformed existing models. We also found that the sequence preference for CRISPRi/a is substantially different from that for CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and propose a new model for predicting sgRNA efficiency in CRISPRi/a experiments. These results facilitate the genome-wide design of improved sgRNA for both knockout and CRISPRi/a studies.
568 citations
TL;DR: In patients with STEMI who were undergoing primary PCI, routine manual thrombectomy, as compared with PCI alone, did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, recurrent myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, or NYHA class IV heart failure within 180 days but was associated with an increased rate of stroke within 30 days.
Abstract: The primary outcome occurred in 347 of 5033 patients (6.9%) in the thrombectomy group versus 351 of 5030 patients (7.0%) in the PCI-alone group (hazard ratio in the thrombectomy group, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.15; P = 0.86). The rates of cardiovascular death (3.1% with thrombectomy vs. 3.5% with PCI alone; hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.12; P = 0.34) and the primary outcome plus stent thrombosis or target-vessel revascularization (9.9% vs. 9.8%; hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.14; P = 0.95) were also similar. Stroke within 30 days occurred in 33 patients (0.7%) in the thrombectomy group versus 16 patients (0.3%) in the PCI-alone group (hazard ratio, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.13 to 3.75; P = 0.02). Conclusions In patients with STEMI who were undergoing primary PCI, routine manual thrombectomy, as compared with PCI alone, did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, recurrent myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, or NYHA class IV heart failure within 180 days but was associated with an increased rate of stroke within 30 days. (Funded by Medtronic and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; TOTAL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01149044.)
TL;DR: In this article, the occurrence of frequently detected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment may pose potential threat to the ecosystem and human health, hence PPCPs have aroused much concern over the world.
TL;DR: A systematic way to review data mining in knowledge view, technique view, and application view, including classification, clustering, association analysis, time series analysis and outlier analysis is given.
Abstract: The massive data generated by the Internet of Things (IoT) are considered of high business value, and data mining algorithms can be applied to IoT to extract hidden information from data. In this paper, we give a systematic way to review data mining in knowledge view, technique view, and application view, including classification, clustering, association analysis, time series analysis and outlier analysis. And the latest application cases are also surveyed. As more and more devices connected to IoT, large volume of data should be analyzed, the latest algorithms should be modified to apply to big data. We reviewed these algorithms and discussed challenges and open research issues. At last a suggested big data mining system is proposed.
TL;DR: The results suggest that dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining is an economic and convenient method to detect apoptosis in tumor cells and to test tumor chemosensitivity compared with flow cytometry.
Abstract: Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining to detect tumor cell apoptosis. According to apoptosis-associated changes of cell membranes during the process of apoptosis, a clear distinction is made between normal cells, early and late apoptotic cells, and necrotic cells.
TL;DR: Ideas for a form of Kirigami that allows precise, mechanically driven assembly of 3D mesostructures of diverse materials from 2D micro/nanomembranes with strategically designed geometries and patterns of cuts are introduced.
Abstract: Assembly of 3D micro/nanostructures in advanced functional materials has important implications across broad areas of technology. Existing approaches are compatible, however, only with narrow classes of materials and/or 3D geometries. This paper introduces ideas for a form of Kirigami that allows precise, mechanically driven assembly of 3D mesostructures of diverse materials from 2D micro/nanomembranes with strategically designed geometries and patterns of cuts. Theoretical and experimental studies demonstrate applicability of the methods across length scales from macro to nano, in materials ranging from monocrystalline silicon to plastic, with levels of topographical complexity that significantly exceed those that can be achieved using other approaches. A broad set of examples includes 3D silicon mesostructures and hybrid nanomembrane–nanoribbon systems, including heterogeneous combinations with polymers and metals, with critical dimensions that range from 100 nm to 30 mm. A 3D mechanically tunable optical transmission window provides an application example of this Kirigami process, enabled by theoretically guided design.
07 Jun 2015
TL;DR: 3D pose-indexed features that generalize the previous 2D parameterized features and achieve better invariance to 3D transformations and a principled hierarchical regression that is adapted to the articulated object structure are introduced.
Abstract: We extends the previous 2D cascaded object pose regression work [9] in two aspects so that it works better for 3D articulated objects. Our first contribution is 3D pose-indexed features that generalize the previous 2D parameterized features and achieve better invariance to 3D transformations. Our second contribution is a principled hierarchical regression that is adapted to the articulated object structure. It is therefore more accurate and faster. Comprehensive experiments verify the state-of-the-art accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach on the challenging 3D hand pose estimation problem, on a public dataset and our new dataset.
TL;DR: Analysis of matched tumor and blood samples from the FASTACT-2 study suggests blood-based circulating-free tumor DNA may be an alternative to tissue-based EGFR mutation testing in NSCLC and dynamic changes in cfDNA EGFR mutations relative to baseline may predict clinical outcomes.
Abstract: Purpose: Blood-based circulating-free (cf) tumor DNA may be an alternative to tissue-based EGFR mutation testing in NSCLC. This exploratory analysis compares matched tumor and blood samples from the FASTACT-2 study. Experimental Design: Patients were randomized to receive six cycles of gemcitabine/platinum plus sequential erlotinib or placebo. EGFR mutation testing was performed using the cobas tissue test and the cobas blood test (in development). Blood samples at baseline, cycle 3, and progression were assessed for blood test detection rate, sensitivity, and specificity; concordance with matched tumor analysis ( n = 238), and correlation with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Concordance between tissue and blood tests was 88%, with blood test sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 96%. Median PFS was 13.1 versus 6.0 months for erlotinib and placebo, respectively, for those with baseline EGFR mut + cfDNA [HR, 0.22; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.14–0.33, P EGFR mut − cfDNA subgroup (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.65–1.04, P = 0.1076). For patients with EGFR mut + cfDNA at baseline, median PFS was 7.2 versus 12.0 months for cycle 3 EGFR mut + cfDNA versus cycle 3 EGFR mut − patients, respectively (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.21–0.48, P P = 0.0066). Conclusions: Blood-based EGFR mutation analysis is relatively sensitive and highly specific. Dynamic changes in cfDNA EGFR mutation status relative to baseline may predict clinical outcomes. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3196–203. ©2015 AACR .
TL;DR: Because biochar is cost-effective and can remain in digestate for direct use as soil amendment without separation, eco-compatible biochar may serve as a good substrate for highly-loaded digestion by inducing selective colonization of functional microbes.
TL;DR: It is reported that human fibroblasts can be directly converted into neuronal cells by a chemical cocktail of seven small molecules, bypassing a neural progenitor stage.
Tongji University1, Guangdong General Hospital2, Harbin Medical University3, Academy of Military Medical Sciences4, Capital Medical University5, Peking University6, Shanghai Jiao Tong University7, Sun Yat-sen University8, Central South University9, Shantou University10, Soochow University (Suzhou)11, Second Military Medical University12, Southern Medical University13
TL;DR: The significant OS benefit observed in patients treated with EGFR-TKI emphasises its contribution to improving survival of EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients, suggesting that erlotinib should be considered standard first-line treatment of EGfr mutant patients and EGFR -TKI treatment following first- line therapy also brings significant benefits to those patients.
TL;DR: For the first time, a graphene composite, with a graphene loading up to 5.6 wt%, can be 3D printable into computer-designed models and the composite’s linear thermal coefficient is below 75 ppm·°C−1 from room temperature to its glass transition temperature (Tg), which is crucial to build minute thermal stress during the printing process.
Abstract: In human being’s history, both the Iron Age and Silicon Age thrived after a matured massive processing technology was developed. Graphene is the most recent superior material which could potentially initialize another new material Age. However, while being exploited to its full extent, conventional processing methods fail to provide a link to today’s personalization tide. New technology should be ushered in. Three-dimensional (3D) printing fills the missing linkage between graphene materials and the digital mainstream. Their alliance could generate additional stream to push the graphene revolution into a new phase. Here we demonstrate for the first time, a graphene composite, with a graphene loading up to 5.6 wt%, can be 3D printable into computer-designed models. The composite’s linear thermal coefficient is below 75 ppm·°C−1 from room temperature to its glass transition temperature (Tg), which is crucial to build minute thermal stress during the printing process.
TL;DR: This paper devise an efficient hierarchical codebook by jointly exploiting sub-array and deactivation (turning-off) antenna processing techniques, where closed-form expressions are provided to generate the codebook.
Abstract: In millimeter-wave communication, large antenna arrays are required to achieve high power gain by steering towards each other with narrow beams, which poses the problem to efficiently search the best beam direction in the angle domain at both Tx and Rx sides. As the exhaustive search is time consuming, hierarchical search has been widely accepted to reduce the complexity, and its performance is highly dependent on the codebook design. In this paper, we propose two basic criteria for the hierarchical codebook design, and devise an efficient hierarchical codebook by jointly exploiting sub-array and deactivation (turning-off) antenna processing techniques, where closed-form expressions are provided to generate the codebook. Performance evaluations are conducted under different system and channel models. Results show superiority of the proposed codebook over the existing alternatives.
TL;DR: Remarkably, it is the first Eu-doped MOF to exhibit an excellent ability for the detection of Fe(3+) and Fe(2+) in an aqueous environment without any structural disintegration of the framework.
Abstract: A layerlike MOF (MIL-124, orGa2(OH)4(C9O6H4)) has been prepared and chosen as a parent compound to encapsulate Eu3+ cations by one uncoordinated carbonyl group in its pores. The Eu3+-incorporated sample (Eu3+@MIL-124) is fully characterized, which shows excellent luminescence and good fluorescence stability in water or other organic solvents. Subsequently, we choose Eu3+@MIL-124 as sensitive probe for sensing metal ions, anions, and organic small molecules because of its robust framework. Studying of the luminescence properties reveals that the complex Eu3+@MIL-124 was developed as a highly selective and sensitive probe for detection of Fe3+ (detection limit, 0.28 μM) and Fe2+ ions through fluorescence quenching of Eu3+ and MOF over other metal ions. In connection to this, a probable sensing mechanism was also discussed in this paper. In addition, when Eu3+@MIL-124 was immersed in the different anions solutions and organic solvents, it also shows highly selective for Cr2O72–(detection limit, 0.15 μM)and a...
University of Leicester1, University of Nottingham2, University of British Columbia3, Laval University4, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai5, Tongji University6, University Medical Center Groningen7, UCL Institute of Neurology8, University of Oxford9, King's College London10, University of Tartu11, Boston Children's Hospital12, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics13, University of Geneva14, Queen Mary University of London15, King Abdulaziz University16, Imperial College London17, Imperial College Healthcare18, University of Glasgow19, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute20, University of Liverpool21, St George's, University of London22, National Institute for Health Research23
TL;DR: By sampling from the extremes of the lung function distribution in UK Biobank, novel genetic causes of lung function and smoking behaviour are identified and substantial shared genetic architecture underlying airflow obstruction is shown across individuals, irrespective of smoking behaviour and other airway disease.
TL;DR: In this paper, uniform yolkshell iron sulfide-carbon nanospheres have been synthesized as cathode materials for the emerging sodium sulfide battery to achieve remarkable capacity of ∼ 545 mA h g(-1) over 100 cycles at 0.2 C (100 mA g(1)), delivering ultrahigh energy density of ∼ 438 Wh kg(-1).
Abstract: Sodium-metal sulfide battery holds great promise for sustainable and cost-effective applications. Nevertheless, achieving high capacity and cycling stability remains a great challenge. Here, uniform yolk-shell iron sulfide-carbon nanospheres have been synthesized as cathode materials for the emerging sodium sulfide battery to achieve remarkable capacity of ∼ 545 mA h g(-1) over 100 cycles at 0.2 C (100 mA g(-1)), delivering ultrahigh energy density of ∼ 438 Wh kg(-1). The proven conversion reaction between sodium and iron sulfide results in high capacity but severe volume changes. Nanostructural design, including of nanosized iron sulfide yolks (∼ 170 nm) with porous carbon shells (∼ 30 nm) and extra void space (∼ 20 nm) in between, has been used to achieve excellent cycling performance without sacrificing capacity. This sustainable sodium-iron sulfide battery is a promising candidate for stationary energy storage. Furthermore, this spatially confined sulfuration strategy offers a general method for other yolk-shell metal sulfide-carbon composites.
TL;DR: This paper focuses on the impact of consumer environmental awareness (CEA) on order quantities and channel coordination within a one-manufacturer and one-retailer supply chain.
TL;DR: This work aims to provide a review of the routing protocols in the Internet of Vehicles from routing algorithms to their evaluation approaches, and provides five different taxonomies of routing protocols.
Abstract: This work aims to provide a review of the routing protocols in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) from routing algorithms to their evaluation approaches. We provide five different taxonomies of routing protocols. First, we classify them based on their transmission strategy into three categories: unicast, geocast, and broadcast ones. Second, we classify them into four categories based on information required to perform routing: topology-, position-, map-, and path-based ones. Third, we identify them in delay-sensitive and delay-tolerant ones. Fourth, we discuss them according to their applicability in different dimensions, i.e., 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D. Finally, we discuss their target networks, i.e., homogeneous and heterogeneous ones. As the evaluation is also a vital part in IoV routing protocol studies, we examine the evaluation approaches, i.e., simulation and real-world experiments. IoV includes not only the traditional vehicular ad hoc networks, which usually involve a small-scale and homogeneous network, but also a much larger scale and heterogeneous one. The composition of classical routing protocols and latest heterogeneous network approaches is a promising topic in the future. This work should motivate IoV researchers, practitioners, and new comers to develop IoV routing protocols and technologies.
TL;DR: In this paper, an ordered mesoporous carbon composite catalyst (CuFe-MC) was synthesized via a one-pot block-copolymer self-assembly strategy, which showed a promising application in the degradation of non-biodegradation organic contaminants.
Abstract: Iron-copper bimetallic nanoparticles embedded within ordered mesoporous carbon composite catalyst (CuFe-MC) was synthesized via a “one-pot” block-copolymer self-assembly strategy. The catalyst was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. The results showed the catalyst was ordered 2D hexagonal mesostructure and iron-copper nanoparticles highly dispersed in the matrix of ordered mesoporous carbon. The composite was used as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst and showed a promising application in the degradation of non-biodegradation organic contaminants. Eight organic compounds were chosen as model contaminants, such as phenol, bisphenol A (BPA), etc. Efficient total organic carbon (TOC) removal of each organic contaminant was achieved by using CuFe-MC as catalyst, which was higher than that by Fe2+ ion at the same reaction condition. BPA was selected to further investigate the high catalytic activity of CuFe-MC. CuFe-MC presented high adsorption capacity for BPA due to its high BET surface area (639 m2 g−1) and mesostructure. The results of BPA degradation showed that the catalytic activity of CuFe-MC was much higher than Fe-MC and Cu-MC. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results indicated that the concentration of generated hydroxyl radicals (•OH) with CuFe-MC was much higher than Fe-MC and Cu-MC. The low iron leaching of CuFe-MC suggested its good stability. Moreover, it could be easily separated by using an external magnet after the reaction and remained good activity after being recycled for several times, demonstrating its promising long-term application in the treatment of wastewater.
TL;DR: An extended isogeometric element formulation (XIGA) for analysis of through-the-thickness cracks in thin shell structures is developed in this article, where the discretization is based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS).
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel iron-based metal-organic framework, possessing high surface area and good catalytic activity, was proposed as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for degrading high concentration methylene blue.
Abstract: A novel iron-based metal-organic framework, possessing high surface area and good catalytic activity, was proposed as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for degrading high concentration methylene blue ( C MB = 500 ppm). The morphology and physicochemical properties of prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, Raman spectra, etc. The obtained results showed that MOF-based catalysts MIL-100(Fe) and Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) possess high surface area of 1646 and 1228 m 2 g −1 , respectively. The MB removal though adsorption by MIL-100(Fe) and Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) is respectively 27 and 6% in 30 min, due to the electrostatic interaction between negative (or positive) adsorbent and positive pollutant. However, Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) exhibited highest Fenton catalytic ability compared to MIL-100(Fe) and Fe 2 O 3 catalysts. The catalytic activity of each active site, evaluated by the turn over frequency (TOF) value, varied in the order of Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) > MIL-100(Fe) > Fe 2 O 3 . The main role of determining the decomposition efficiency, i.e., hydroxyl radical ( OH) generation, surface redox properties and surface reaction, was greatly enhanced by the synergistic effect between Fe II and Fe III in Fe II @MIL-100(Fe). Moreover, iron-based metal-organic framework retained the catalytic performance in a wide pH range of 3–8, and had a relative low iron leaching even in acidic condition.